702 research outputs found
A scoping review exploring whether a free âofferâ devalues or widens sport and physical activity participation amongst children and young adults aged 0-25?
Background: Socio-economic status continues to mediate physical activity engagement, despite a range of interventions aimed at reducing inequalities and widening sport and physical activity participation. As a result there has been increasing interest amongst policy makers, national governing bodies (NGB), county sports partnerships (CPS) and the sport and physical activity sector more broadly, in understanding how best to reduce inequalities and widen participation. The âprice pointâ of offers and whether a âfree offerâ enables or devalues participation, has been a key area of interest. This scoping review aimed to explore this topic further by investigating whether âa free âofferâ devalues or widens sport and physical activity participation amongst children and young adults aged 0-25?â.
Methods: This scoping review searched three electronic bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus) using a structured search strategy to identify articles published between 2017 and January 2022. Studies were included using the PICO criteria of; Population: children and young adults aged 0-25; Intervention: free âofferâ relating to physical activity; Context: areas of deprivation in the UK; Outcome: engagement, involvement, participation in sport and physical activity.
Results and Discussion: Five studies were eligible after screening 1301 titles and reviewing 14 full-text studies. Features reported included intervention design, outcomes, potential challenges and wider implications / future recommendations. Specifically, a narrative synthesis of the key themes of participation deprivation and cost effectiveness were outlined in more detail. A subsidised cost or free offer can improve participation generally and in attracting those from lower socio-economic backgrounds. However, the impact of such initiatives decrease with increasing deprivation highlighting that groups with the highest levels of deprivation have wider complexities affecting their participation. Competing priorities and potentially unrealistic expectations at stakeholders level was also identified.
Conclusion: Despite the paucity of current research exploring the impact of a âfree offerâ in children and young adults, recommendations for future research, practice and policy included the need for longitudinal, more holistic and participant centric approaches. Further research is required to explore the impact of a âfree offerâ from an individual, societal and policy-level perspective, in widening and increasing participation in sport and physical activity
Physical-literacy-enriched physical education: a capabilities perspective
(1) Background: Physical literacy is increasing in popularity across the world as a concept central to the promotion of lifelong engagement in physical activity across a multitude of sectors. The education sector has embraced physical literacy as a concept worthy of focus. Physical literacy literature is bold in its claim that physical literacy should be the foundation of physical education. The objective of this paper was to understand the value of physical literacy as the goal of physical education through the lens of the capability approach; (2) Positioning: This research adopted a post-qualitative sensibility whereby knowledge is decentered, favoring the inseparability of ethics, ontology, and knowledge (ethico-onto-epistemology); (3) Discussion: Throughout the discussion, traditional humanist examples are extended to include post-humanism perspectives to offer a more holistic and ecological appreciation of the relationship between capabilities, physical literacy, and physical education, using the ten capabilities of life, bodily health, bodily integrity, senses, imagination and thought, emotions, practical reason, affiliation, other species, play, and control over oneâs environment; (4) Conclusions: The paper concludes with the recommendation that the capabilities approach offers a valuable framework for the continued justification of physical-literacy-enriched physical education, which, when aligned, can help to shape the opportunities provided for children and young people in support of their holistic development and lifelong engagement in physical activity
Dielectric (p,q) Strings in a Throat
We calculate the (p,q) string spectrum in a warped deformed conifold using
the dielectric brane method. The spectrum is shown to have the same functional
form as in the dual picture of a wrapped D3-brane with electric and magnetic
fluxes on its world volume. The agreement is exact in the limit where q is
large. We also calculate the dielectric spectrum in the S-dual picture. The
spectrum in the S-dual picture has the same form as in the original picture but
it is not exactly S-dual invariant due to an interchange of Casimirs of the
non-Abelian gauge symmetries. We argue that in order to restore S-duality
invariance the non-Abelian brane action should be refined, probably by a better
prescription for the non-Abelian trace operation
The embodied nature of physical literacy: interconnectedness of lived experience and meaning
This article discusses the embodied nature of physical literacy with specific attention given to the interconnectedness of embodiment, lived experience, and meaning (assemblage). Through the exploration of these concepts, it is possible to understand how physical literacy is centered on monist, existential, and phenomenological philosophical schools of thought
A new wrinkle on the enhancon
We generalize the basic enhancon solution of Johnson, Peet and Polchinski by
constructing solutions without spherical symmetry. A careful consideration of
boundary conditions at the enhancon surface indicates that the interior of the
supergravity solution is still flat space in the general case. We provide some
explicit analytic solutions where the enhancon locus is a prolate or oblate
sphere.Comment: 19 pages, no figure
BPS Electromagnetic Waves on Giant Gravitons
We find new 1/8-BPS giant graviton solutions in , carrying
three angular momenta along , and investigate their properties.
Especially, we show that nonzero worldvolume gauge fields are admitted
preserving supersymmetry. These gauge field modes can be viewed as
electromagnetic waves along the compact D3 brane, whose Poynting vector
contributes to the BPS angular momenta. We also analyze the (nearly-)spherical
giant gravitons with worldvolume gauge fields in detail. Expressing the
in Hopf fibration ( fibred over ), the wave propagates along the
fiber.Comment: 25 pages, no figures, v2: references adde
Black Rings, Supertubes, and a Stringy Resolution of Black Hole Non-Uniqueness
In order to address the issues raised by the recent discovery of
non-uniqueness of black holes in five dimensions, we construct a solution of
string theory at low energies describing a five-dimensional spinning black ring
with three charges that can be interpreted as D1-brane, D5-brane, and momentum
charges. The solution possesses closed timelike curves (CTCs) and other
pathologies, whose origin we clarify. These pathologies can be avoided by
setting any one of the charges, e.g. the momentum, to zero. We argue that the
D1-D5-charged black ring, lifted to six dimensions, describes the thermal
excitation of a supersymmetric D1-D5 supertube, which is in the same U-duality
class as the D0-F1 supertube. We explain how the stringy microscopic
description of the D1-D5 system distinguishes between a spherical black hole
and a black ring with the same asymptotic charges, and therefore provides a
(partial) resolution of the non-uniqueness of black holes in five dimensions.Comment: 33 pages, 1 figur
Serum and bal beta-d-glucan for the diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia in HIV positive patients
Background/purposeThe diagnosis of patients with pulmonary infiltrates and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains a challenge. In current clinical practice the gold standard for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) diagnosis remains the identification of the organism in bronco alveolar lavage (BAL) using microscopy (e.g., silver stain). (1->3)-ÎČ -d-glucan (BG) is a polysaccharide that is present within the cell wall of Pneumocystis and other fungi.MethodsWe analyzed serum and BAL lavage fluid from a cohort of 119 patients that did have HIV, a diagnosis of pneumonia and underwent bronchoscopy (FOB) for diagnosis of PCP.ResultsThe discriminative power of serum BG for the diagnosis of PCP in this group of patients was very high. Using a cutoff of 300 pg/mL, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 91%, 92%, 89% and 93% respectively. A model for ROC with just serum BG (N = 108) had an AUC of 0.95. Serum procalcitonin (PCT) and BAL BG were not as accurate for the diagnosis of PCP. For BAL BG using a cutoff of 783 pg/mL, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 72%, 79%, 72% and 79% respectively. The differences between the medians for serum PCT between the group with a without PCP did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.6137).ConclusionThe measurement of serum BG should be incorporated in the diagnostic work up of HIV positive patients with dyspnea and infiltrates on chest X X-ray. Our study confirms the diagnostic value of serum BG previously reported by others but we add a cutoff value that we believe is more accurate for patients with AIDS and suspicion of PCP
Exploring the notion of literacy within physical literacy: a discussion paper
The concept of physical literacy is continuing to gain traction internationally. This increasing interest has also given rise to concerns about the use, interpretation and meaning of the term âliteracyâ within the context of physical literacy. This paper explores the development of the terms literate, illiterate, literacy, and illiteracy identifying their historical origin and contemporary meaning. This provides the backdrop to explore the use of the term literacy within the context of physical literacy. In the final part of this introductory section the recent popularity of the literacies movement is explored. Our discussion identifies key intersections and areas of tension associated with the use, interpretation and meaning of literacy in the context of physical literacy. We adopt Whitehead's philosophy of physical literacy and discussion is informed further by Derrida's notion of 'differance', and Barad's challenge to singular representations of concepts. Once harnessing these concepts, we reach a juncture of an in-between space; entry points of nonidentity (sameness) and points where multiple effects of difference are created. Key discussion topics include: discourse, language and interpretations of literacy; in/tangibility of literacy; capturing literacy; literacy as a process or a product; connotations of the terms literate and illiterate; neoliberalism and literacy and finally literacy as learning. We believe that when understood as the productive and meaningful interaction with/in/through the world, literacy is still the appropriate term within the context of physical literacy. Our discussion leads us to conclude that as embodied individuals, physical literacy is often the literacy through which other literacies have to pass. Through physical activity individuals can not only nurture their own physical literacy but also contribute toward a global or holistic literacy that helps us navigate, connect and make sense of ourselves, others and the world around us. However, the paper acknowledges that this meaning is not always grasped with the historical understanding of literacy as well as it's translations into other languages presenting challenges in articulating the intended use, meaning and connotations of the contemporary understanding of physical literacy
Giant gravitons in AdS/CFT (I): matrix model and back reaction
In this article we study giant gravitons in the framework of AdS/CFT
correspondence. First, we show how to describe these configurations in the CFT
side using a matrix model. In this picture, giant gravitons are realized as
single excitations high above a Fermi sea, or as deep holes into it. Then, we
give a prescription to define quasi-classical states and we recover the known
classical solution associated to the CFT dual of a giant graviton that grows in
AdS. Second, we use the AdS/CFT dictionary to obtain the supergravity boundary
stress tensor of a general state and to holographically reconstruct the bulk
metric, obtaining the back reaction of space-time. We find that the space-time
response to all the supersymmetric giant graviton states is of the same form,
producing the singular BPS limit of the three charge Reissner-Nordstr\"om-AdS
black holes. While computing the boundary stress tensor, we comment on the
finite counterterm recently introduced by Liu and Sabra, and connect it to a
scheme-dependent conformal anomaly.Comment: 28 pages, JHEP3 class. v2: typos corrected and references adde
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