The influence of the landscape structure within buffer zones, catchment land use and instream environmental variables on mollusc communities in a medium-sized lowland river

The world’s freshwater molluscan fauna is facing unprecedented threats from habitat loss and degradation. Declines in native populations are mostly attributed to the human impact, which results in reduced water quality. The objectives of our survey were to analyse the structure of the mollusc communities in a medium-sized lowland river and to determine the most important environmental variables at different spatial scales, including landscape structure, catchment land use and instream environmental factors that influence their structure. Our survey showed that a medium-sized river, that flows through areas included in the European Ecological Natura 2000 Network Programme of protected sites, provides diverse instream habitats and niches that support 47 mollusc species including Unio crassus, a bivalve of Community interest, whose conservation requires the designation of a special conservation area under the Habitats Directive Natura 2000. This survey showed that mollusc communities are impacted by several environmental variables that act together at multiple scales. The landscape structure within buffer zones, catchment land use and instream environmental variables were all important and influenced the structure of mollusc communities. Therefore, they should all be taken into consideration in the future restoration of the river, future management projects and programmes for the conservation of biodiversity in running waters. The results of this study may be directly applicable for the rehabilitation of river ecosystems and are recommended to stakeholders in their future decision concerning landscape planning, monitoring species and their habitats, conservation plans and management in accordance with the requirements of sustainable development

249. Analiza zachorowalności na nowotwór złośliwy płuca w Polsce i w Wielkopolsce w latach 1991–2000

Celwykazanie w ostatnich latach w Polsce tendencji spadkowej zachorowań na nowotwór złośliwy płuca u mężczyzn, a w Wielkopolsce zarówno u mężczyzn jak i u kobiet.Materiał i metodyw pracy wykorzystano dane z Biuletynów Krajowego Rejestru Nowotworów oraz opracowania własne Wielkopolskiego Rejestru Nowotworów (współczynnik „surowy” zachorowalności określa liczbę zachorowań na 100 000 badanej populacji).WynikiW 1996 roku w Polsce odnotowano najwyższy w badanym okresie współczynnik surowy zachorowalności na nowotwór płuca. U mężczyzn wynosił on 89.1, u kobiet 19.9. Szczególnie niepokojący jest obserwowany od lat stały wzrost zarejestrowanych zachorowań u kobiet, przy równoczesnym zatrzymaniu wzrostu zachorowań u mężczyzn, a nawet od 1999 roku u mężczyzn obserwowany jest spadek współczynnika surowego z 89.1 w 1996 roku do 81,7 w 1999 oraz 81.5 w 2000 roku. W Wielkopolsce najwyższy współczynnik surowy zachorowań na nowotwór złośliwy płuca w badanym okresie zaobserwowano w 1998 roku. Dla mężczyzn wynosił 85.4 dla kobiet 20.0. W 1999 i 2000 z satysfakcją odnotowano tendencję spadkową zachorowań zarówno wśród mężczyzn jak i kobiet! Gdyż w 1999 roku współczynnik surowy zachorowalności na nowotwór płuca u mężczyzn wynosił dla Wielkopolski 80.0, u kobiet 19.0. Natomiast w 2000 roku u mężczyzn tenże współczynnik wynosił 76.1, u kobiet 18.0.Wnioskiw badanym okresie zaobserwowano w Polsce tendencję spadkową współczynnika surowego zachorowań na nowotwór złośliwy płuca u mężczyzn (z 89.1 w 1996 do 81.5 w 2000 roku) a w Wielkopolsce zarówno u mężczyzn (z 78.5 w 1996 a nawet 85.4 w 1998 do 76.1 w 2000 roku), jak i u kobiet (z 18.1 w 1996 a w 1998 nawet 20.0 do 18.0 w 2000 roku)

The Importance of the Mining Subsidence Reservoirs Located Along the Trans-Regional Highway in the Conservation of the Biodiversity of Freshwater Molluscs in Industrial Areas (Upper Silesia, Poland)

The objectives of the survey were to analyse the structure of the mollusc communities in the mining subsidence reservoirs that were created as a result of land subsidence over exploited hard coal seams and to determine the most predictive environmental factors that influence the distribution of mollusc species. The reservoirs are located in urbanised and industrialised areas along the Trans-Regional Highway, which has a high volume of vehicular traffic. They all have the same sources of supply but differ in the physical and chemical parameters of the water. In total, 15 mollusc species were recorded including four bivalve species. Among them Anodonta cygnea is classified as Endangered according to the Polish Red Data Book of Animals and also as Near Threatened according to the European Red List of Non-marine Molluscs. Eleven of the 15 mollusc species are included on the European Red List of Nonmarine Molluscs as Least Concern. Conductivity, pH and the concentration of calcium were the parameters most associated with the distribution of mollusc species. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that Potamopyrgus antipodarum, Radix balthica, Physella acuta, Gyraulus crista and Pisidium casertanum were associated with higher conductivity and lower pH values. A. cygnea, Anodonta anatina and Ferrissia fragilis were negatively influenced by these parameters of the water. The results of this survey showed that the mining subsidence reservoirs located in urbanised and industrialised areas provide refuges for rare and legally protected species and that they play an essential role in the dispersal of alien species as well