Misoprostol for treatment of incomplete abortion- providers practice in Dodoma region, central Tanzania

Remnant products of conception in the uterine cavity following a  miscarriage or induced abortion presents a serious threat to a woman   because it increases the risk of infection or continued bleeding and therefore uterine evacuation in such cases is imperative. Surgical and  medical methods using drugs like misoprostol may be used for complete the evacuation of the remaining products of conception (POC).This study aimed to examine health care providers practice regarding the use of misoprostol for post abortion care in Dodoma region of Tanzania. This was a quantitative prospective cross-section study which was done in three districts of Dodoma region. It involved 126 health care providers from health facilities in the three districts. Information regarding use of  misoprostol in post abortion care (PAC) was collected using pretested self-administered questionnaire to 126 randomly selected health care providers. 28.6% of interviewed health care workers revealed that they were using misoprostol for post abortion care while they had no formal training regarding the use of the drug for this indication. Most of them (65%) got information from co-workers. A remarkable proportion of health care workers were using misoprostol though they lack relevant knowledge and guidelines for using the drug for PAC and the drug was yet to be approved by Ministry of Health and Social Welfare for this indication.KEY WORDS Misoprostol, Incomplete abortion, Uterine evacuation, Post abortion car

Massive subcutaneous emphysema with pneumoscrotopenis secondary to chest trauma: Case report

Chest injury commonly leads to subcutaneous emphysema of the chest, neck and face. It is usually non-life threatening. Massive subcutaneous  emphysema may occur and very rarely may spread to involve the scrotal sac and subcutaneous tissue planes of the penis to cause pneumoscrotopenis. This case report presents and discusses a patient who developed massive subcutaneous emphysema and pneumoscrotopenis secondary to bluntchest injury.KEYWORDS:Blunt chest injury, Massive subcutaneous emphysema,Pneumoscrotopenis, Chest tub

Bilateral anomalies of renal pelves presenting with supernumerary left testicular vein

The current observation presents a case of right duplicated renal pelvis and anomalies of right and left renal vessels. The duplicated pelves formed anterior and posterior segments which entered the renal substance separately and each had its own set of renal major calyces. The anterior segment appeared dilated, measuring about 1.3cm wide and was  associated with three major calyces. The posterior segment had a straight course and appeared narrower than the anterior segment; it measured 0.75cm wide and it was associated with one major calyx. Both anterior and posterior segments joined into a common channel that formed the ureter.The left kidney was observed to have dilated triangular renal pelvis with a base measuring 4cm, it was associated with supernumerary testicular veins both which drained into the left renal vein. Congenital anomalies of therenal pelvis can lead to pelvicoureteric obstruction, urinary tract infection, stone and cancer formation. Supernumerary testicular vein are very rare anomalies ad have been commonly observed in females than in the males. Ontological significance of such anomalies is not clearly known, but continuous documentation of congenital abnormalities of the urinary  system remains to be important in medical and surgical practiceKEY WORDS: Kidney, Renal pelvis, Testicular vein, Congenital anomalie