Achieving Superlubricity with 2D Transition Metal Carbides (MXenes) and MXene/Graphene Coatings

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have demonstrated unique friction and antiwear properties unmatched by their bulk (3D) counterparts. A relatively new, large and quickly growing family of two-dimensional early transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) present a great potential in different applications. There is a growing interest in understanding the mechanical and tribological properties of MXenes, however, no report of MXene superlubricity in a solid lubrication process at the macroscale has been presented. Here we investigate the tribological properties of two-dimensional titanium carbide (Ti3C2) MXene deposited on SiO2-coated silicon (Si) substrates subjected to wear by sliding against a diamond-like carbon (DLC)-coated steel ball counterbody using a ball-on-disc tribometer. We have observed that a reduction of the friction coefficient to the superlubric regime (0.0067 ± 0.0017) can be achieved with Ti3C2 MXene in dry nitrogen environment. Moreover, the addition of graphene to Ti3C2 further reduced the friction by 37.3% and wear by the factor of 2 as compared to Ti3C2 alone, while the superlubricity behavior of the MXene remains unchanged. These results open up new possibilities for exploring the family of MXenes in various tribological applications

Data Supplement from Differential cell-matrix responses in hypoxia-stimulated aortic versus mitral valves

All data used in figure

Supplementary Figures from Differential cell-matrix responses in hypoxia-stimulated aortic versus mitral valves

Appendix A - Preservation of endothelium in hypoxic stimulated valves; Appendix B - Colocalization of HIF-1α and angiogenesis-associated factor

HD-Biomass-India

The provided Data and Codes are part of the study titled "Improving Above Ground Biomass Estimation in Tropical Indian Forests" which has been submitted to "Ecological Informatics".Field inventory data include tree diameter (DBH) and tree height (H) measurements (all trees DBH>10cm). Tree Diameter (DBH) was measured in centimeters (cm) with 0.1 cm (1mm) precision using the measuring tape, and tree height was measured in meters (m) using the Laser Range Finder (Forestry Pro II).The script focuses on developing Height-Diameter (HD) models using field inventory data and comparing these models with existing Global H-D models. This is achieved by utilizing the BIOMASS R package.After generating H-D models, tree heights are predicted using the tree diameter measured on the field. Then, the plot level biomass is estimated using various allometic models (FSI Volume equation and Pan Tropical models by Chave et al., 2014). Sample data sets are provided along with the script on the GitHub. Data are given in "India_height_dbh_8179.csv" & "India_Plot_AGB_Test.csv" file for for HD modeling & Plot Biomass EstimationUse the script "Script_India_HD_Model.R" for HD model and AGB Estimation. Files "TreeBio.R", "PlotBio.R" will codes enable tree and plot biomass estimation using Forest Survey of India, FSI Volume equation. "Volume_Equations_Database_FSI.csv" file contains the volume equation database.</p