Age and sex do not affect first year recurrence in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer

Introduction: Although demographic heterogeneity in the management of patients with non-muscle invasive bladder tumor (NMIBT) is an important factor, there are only minimal evidence-based recommendations that adjust for patient age and gender. The relationship and impact of age and gender on the recurrence in NBIMT is poorly investigated and understood.Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of age and sex on the recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.Materials and methods: Patients treated with transurethral resection (TUR) of primary NMIBT were included in the study. Risk calculation was made according to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) risk tables. Prognostic factors for predicting tumor recurrence up to 5 years including age and sex were analyzed. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-parametric variables in independent groups. Kaplan-Meier method, with log rank (Mantel-Cox) analyses applied for comparison of mean duration of remission by sex and age, was used to calculate mean duration of remission. Results: A total of 81 patients, 68 males (mean age 59.03 years) and 13 females (mean age 58.13 years) were eligible for final analysis. Mean survival time of patients <60 years old and older was 17.3±2.1 months (13.2–21.3) and 17.9±2.8 months (12.4–23.4), respectively (p=0.6). Mean survival time was 17.3±2.1 months for females and 15.4±2.1 months for males (p=0.08). However, 1-year tumor-free rate of female patients (53.8%) was not much different from that of males (31%) (p=0.11). Although considerable difference was observed between recurrence rates of patients according to sex, it failed to reach statistical significance.Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that the recurrence of NMIBT is not associated with age or gender.&nbsp

Percutaneous Nephrostomy and Sclerotherapy with 96% Ethanol for Treating Simple Renal Cysts: Pilot Study

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the safety and efficacy of aspiration with percutaneous nephrostomy tube and sclerotherapy with 96% ethanol for a simple renal cyst

Intravesical Sodium Chondroitin Sulphate to Treat Overactive Bladder: Preliminary Result

Purpose: This study aimed to verify the efficacy and safety of intravesical treatment with sodium chondroitin sulfate (CS) in patients with overactive bladder (OAB) who are refractory to previous antimuscarinic treatment. Methods: This study was performed between June 2012 and January 2015 and included 31 consecutive women (mean age, 42.10±7.34 years) with OAB who had been previously treated with two types of antimuscarinic drugs. The results of gynecologic and cystoscopic examinations were normal, and OAB comorbidity was absent. Treatment with intravesical instillations containing 40 mL CS (0.2%; 2 mg/mL) was administered for 6 weeks; after weekly treatments, monthly treatments were administered. The OAB-validated 8 (OAB-V8) symptom scores, nocturia, frequency, urgency, urge incontinence, and urinary volumes measured by uroflowmetry were evaluated for all the patients. The values obtained before the treatment were statistically compared with those obtained six months after the treatment. Results: The duration of the symptoms was 18.36±6.19 months. A statistically significant improvement of the patients’ conditions was observed in terms of the OAB-V8 symptom scores, nocturia, frequency, urgency, urge incontinence, and urinary volumes measured by uroflowmetry after the treatment. Conclusions: Despite the limitations of this study, the outcomes confirmed that CS therapy is safe and effective for the treatment of OAB

SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia Affects Male Reproductive Hormone Levels: A Prospective, Cohort Study

Background: SARS-CoV-2 which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) binds to angiotensinconverting enyzme 2 (ACE2) and enters the host cell. ACE2 protein is expressed highly in the testis

18F-flouro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging of solitary prostatic and pulmonary tuberculosis mimicking metastatic prostate cancer

Genitourinary tuberculosis (TB) is a common type of extrathoracic TB and can be found in isolation or associated with pulmonary TB. It contributes to 10-14% of extrapulmonary TB. Prostate TB is rare and usually found incidentally following transurethral resection of the prostate for treatment of benign prostatic obstruction as an isolated lesion in immunocompetant patient. The authors report a case of prostatic and pulmonary TB in animmunocompetant patient investigating for the positive positron emission tomography in lung and prostate. To our knowledge, this is the first case reported in the literature presenting with simultaneous hypermetabolic lesions in the prostate and lung