Covariant Relativistic Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Multi-Component Systems

Non-equilibrium and equilibrium thermodynamics of an interacting component in a relativistic multi-component system is discussed covariantly by exploiting an entropy identity. The special case of the corresponding free component is considered. Equilibrium conditions and especially the multi-component Killing relation of the 4-temperature are discussed. Two axioms characterize the mixture: additivity of the energy momentum tensors and additivity of the 4-entropies of the components generating those of the mixture. The resulting quantities of a single component and of the mixture as a whole, energy, energy flux, momentum flux, stress tensor, entropy, entropy flux, supply and production are derived. Finally, a general relativistic 2-component mixture is discussed with respect to their gravitation generating energy–momentum tensors

Irreversibility and Second Law

Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.According to M. Eigen there are two reasons for irreversibility: weak and strict temporality. Measures for irreversibility are defined by different formulations of the 2nd law which can be divided into two classes: the more general in time integrated formulations as Clausius' inequality and the more special in time local formulations as the non-negativity of the entropy production density. The logical relations between eight different formulations of the 2nd law are investigated and discussed

Contact Quantities and Non-Equilibrium Entropy of Discrete Systems

Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.If a discrete non-equilibrium system is in contact with an equilibrium reservoir exchanging heat, power, and material with each other, a non-equilibrium non-additive entropy rate of the system can be defined by use of non-equilibrium contact quantities: contact temperature and dynamic chemical potentials. The integrability of the entropy rate and the corresponding Maxwell relations are investigated. The dissipation inequality is exploited for a simple material whose state space includes the time rate of the contact temperature. A non-equilibrium efficiency is introduced

Remarks on thermodynamical terminology

Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.Often difficulties in understanding thermodynamics arise from using different terminology or semantics. Therefore here some few remarks are made for tending towards a unified thermodynamical terminology