Melanosis of the lower lip subverted by filler injection: a simulator of early mucosal melanoma

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Another point of view about the expression of p16 and Ki67 in melanocytic and non-melanocytic cutaneous lesions

The new analysis on the expression of cell cycle regulators, (used in various neoplasms) and the nominal immunohistological essays, still  represent valid and feasible diagnostic methods in most pathology practice. We examined 114 paraffin-embedded histological specimens of melanocytic cutaneous lesions. The primary objective of this study was to explore the potential diagnostic of  two important cell cycle regulators (p16 and Ki67) evaluating also the variations of expression using a semi quantitative graded scale. While, another aim  was to study an hypothetical correlation between p16 expression (in melanocytic and non-melanocytic lesions) and two independent variables, such as the age of the patients and the  anatomical sites ( if sun exposed or not sun exposed) of the lesions analyzed. Cell population was considered positive for antibody-specific p16 and Ki67 when at least 33 % of the cells showed well defined nuclear and/or cytoplasmic staining. A special p16 and Ki67 trend was found only in Spitz nevus (SN), atypical Spitz nevus (ASN) and invasive malignant melanoma (MM) . While, regarding the other lesions ( junctional melanocytic nevus, in situ MM, superficial spreading MM, non-melanoma cancers) discriminative values were not found. P16  was over expressed on sun exposed sites and was hypo expressed on non-sun-exposed areas , founding a statistical significance correlation ( p &lt; 0.03); while,  p16 expression was over expressed in patients  ≥ 61 while it was hypo expressed in patients ≤ 60 ( p = 0.09). </p

Another point of view about the expression of p16 and Ki67 in melanocytic and non-melanocytic cutaneous lesions

The new analysis on the expression of cell cycle regulators, (used in various neoplasms) and the nominal immunohistological essays, still  represent valid and feasible diagnostic methods in most pathology practice. We examined 114 paraffin-embedded histological specimens of melanocytic cutaneous lesions. The primary objective of this study was to explore the potential diagnostic of  two important cell cycle regulators (p16 and Ki67) evaluating also the variations of expression using a semi quantitative graded scale. While, another aim  was to study an hypothetical correlation between p16 expression (in melanocytic and non-melanocytic lesions) and two independent variables, such as the age of the patients and the  anatomical sites ( if sun exposed or not sun exposed) of the lesions analyzed. Cell population was considered positive for antibody-specific p16 and Ki67 when at least 33 % of the cells showed well defined nuclear and/or cytoplasmic staining. A special p16 and Ki67 trend was found only in Spitz nevus (SN), atypical Spitz nevus (ASN) and invasive malignant melanoma (MM) . While, regarding the other lesions ( junctional melanocytic nevus, in situ MM, superficial spreading MM, non-melanoma cancers) discriminative values were not found. P16  was over expressed on sun exposed sites and was hypo expressed on non-sun-exposed areas , founding a statistical significance correlation ( p &lt; 0.03); while,  p16 expression was over expressed in patients  ≥ 61 while it was hypo expressed in patients ≤ 60 ( p = 0.09). </p

Purely cutaneous sclerosing IgG4-related disease of the cephalic region: case report and a mini-review of the clinical and pathological aspects

IgG4-related disease is a recently defined emerging entity. Many different organs may be affected by this disease: pancreas, salivary and lacrimal glands, liver, peritoneum and lung. Also the skin may be affected, as secondary localization, while as primary cutaneous localization it has been rarely described. A male patient presented at our Institute with a two-year history of sclerosing erythematous nodules of the scalp. Histological examination showed a T-lymphocyte (CD3+) infiltrate with interspersed plasmacytoid cells and the interposition of a fibrosclerotic tissue. We found numerous IgG4+ cells at the periphery of the nodular structures, while the serum levels of IgG4 and the remaining blood chemistry analysis were normal. Only a few cases of primitive cutaneous pseudo-lymphomatous IgG4-related disease have been described in the literature. Our case showed the same clinical and histologic features of those previously described; the etiology of IgG4-related diseases remains to be elucidated