Association between Hscrp Levels and Glycemic Control with Total Interatrial Conduction Time in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

BACKGROUND: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) represents one of the most important risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF). Numerous studies have shown that T2DM and poor glycemic control reflected by glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels are independently associated with AF onset. Recent experimental studies reported that the increased susceptibi-lity to AF in the diabetic patients was presumably due to the slowing con-duction associated with increased interstitial fibrosis. Systemic inflame-mation can play role in the development of atrial fibrillation. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP) is an inflammatory biomarker that independently predicts the cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to analy-ze the association between HsCRP level, glycemic control, and total intera-trial conduction time in T2DM patients. SUBJECT AND METHODS: This was an analytic cross sectional study. A total of 41 patients with T2DM were evaluated. HsCRP and HbA1c were measured from peripheral venous blood samples taken from these patients. The total interatrial conduction time was measured by tissue Doppler echocardiography. Multiple regression analysis was use to analyzed the data. RESULTS: The high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level was higher in the T2DM patients with HbA1c≥7% (0.44±0.30) than in the T2DM patients with HbA1c<7% (0.32±0.22), although statistically non-significant (p=0.183). The total atrial conduction time (milliseconds) was longer in the T2DM patients with HbA1c≥7% (100.29±28.53) than in T2DM patients with HbA1c<7% (94.88±16.50), although statistically non-signifi-cant (p=0.449). Multiple regression analysis showed that HsCRP level (b=38.78; 95%CI=14.01 to 63.54; p=0.003) and glycemic control (b=14.04; 95%CI=0.09 to 27.98; p=0.048) had positive association with total interatrial conduction time in T2DM patients. CONCLUSION: HsCRP level and glycemic control had significant positive association with total interatrial conduction time in T2DM patients. Keywords: HsCRP, glycemic control, HbA1c, total interatrial conduction time

Growth inhibitory action of saccharin and cyclamate on rats receiving a poor rice diet

1. The effect of saccharin and cyclamate on growth of young rats fed on a poor rice diet or a balanced diet was investigated. 2. Saccharin and cyclamate retarded the growth of rats on the multi-deficient diet but not of those on the well-balanced diet during an 8-week feeding period. 3. The sweeteners did not produce any macroscopic or microscopic changes in the liver, kidneys, intestines, spleen or lungs of the animals receiving the poor rice diet other than the changes resulting from the nutritional deficiency of the diet. 4. The sweeteners did not inhibit the liver xanthine oxidase activity of rats receiving the poor rice diet to an extent greater than the inhibition brought about by the deficiency of protein in the diet. 5. When given by intubation to healthy rats, the sweeteners inhibited the induction of liver tryptophan oxygenase; given in vitro, they inhibited the succinate dehydrogenase activity of rat liver mitochondria

Optimasi Konsentrasi Olive Oil Tehadap Stabilitas Fisik Sediaan Sabun Cair

Sabun cair adalah sediaan berbentuk cair yang digunakan untuk membersihkan kulit, dibuat dari bahan dasar sabun dengan penambahan surfaktan, penstabil busa, pengawet, pewarna dan pewangi yang diijinkan dan digunakan untuk cair tanpa menimbulkan iritasi pada kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi olive oil 12,5%, 25%, dan 37,5% terhadap kestabilan fisik dari sediaan sabun cair serta mengetahui uji hedonik dari sediaan ini. Formulasi sabun cair ini terdiri dari Olive oil, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, KOH, Gliserin, CMC-Na, Coco-DEA, Metil paraben, Propil parabe, Etanol, Asam stearat, Asam nitrat, E.O Lavender, Aquadest. Sebelum dilakukan uji hedonik, dilakukan evaluasi dari sediaan terlebih dahulu. Hasil evaluasi sifat fisika menunjukkan sabun cair formula II dengan konsentrasi olive oil 25% menghasilkan tekstur yang kental, dengan warna kuning keemasan, dan beraroma khas lavender, dan ber bobot jenis 1,098 gram/mL, serta busa yang dihasilkan 220 mL,menghasilkan viskositas dengan aliran tiksotropik dengan pH sebesar 9,75. Pada pengujian hedonik didapatkan kesukaan paling tinggi terdapat pada formula II

Integrasi Algoritma Lacunarity dan Analisis Penajaman Citra Worldview 3 untuk Penentuan Prioritas dan Jenis Tindak Penanganan Kawasan Kumuh (Kasus di Kecamatan Wonokromo, Kota Surabaya)

Perkembangan jumlah penduduk dan meningkatnya pergerakan penduduk di suatu kota akan menciptakan pertumbuhan kawasan permukiman – permukiman baru. Kemudahan akses terhadap lokasi pekerjaan dan fasilitas umum dapat memicu munculnya hunian – hunian ilegal di beberapa kawasan tertentu. Data penginderaan jauh mampu menyajikan informasi spasial secara detail sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai sumber data dalam mengetahui kondisi permukiman perkotaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mengetahui akurasi yang dihasilkan citra Worldview 3 dalam deteksi dan identifikasi permukiman kumuh dengan algoritma lacunarity, dan (2) menentukan prioritas dan jenis tindak penanganan kawasan kumuh di Kecamatan Wonokromo.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penginderaan jauh dengan analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif terhadap variabel yang diuji, yaitu algoritma lacunarity dan variabel kekumuhan PU. Hasil Penajaman Citra Worldview 3 (perekaman 27 Juli 2015) digunakan untuk interpretasi pemanfaatan blok permukiman. Survei lapangan dilakukan pada 5 April hingga 10 Mei 2016 untuk menguji hasil klasifikasi dan pemanfaatan blok permukiman, deteksi kekumuhan algoritma lacunarity, dan deteksi kekumuhan PU. Hasil akhir penelitian ini adalah akurasi deteksi algoritma lacunarity, peta lokasi kumuh di Kecamatan Wonokromo, peringkat prioritas penanganan, dan jenis tindak penanganan kawasan kumuh.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa citra Worldview 3 memberikan akurasi sedang pada deteksi permukiman kumuh (sebesar 33,3%, pada jendela bergerak 7x7, sebesar 50,0% pada jendela bergerak 5x5, dan 58,3% pada jendela bergerak 3x3). Semakin kecil ukuran jendela bergerak yang digunakan meningkatkan kemampuan algoritma dalam mendeteksi kekumuhan. Prioritas penanganan tingkat pertama berada di Kelurahan Sawunggaling dan Darmo. Jenis tindak penanganan yang digunakan menggunakan pendekatan property development pada semua lokasi kumuh di Kecamatan Wonokromo

Penggunaan Adas dan Pule sebagai Penghilang Rasa Sakit dalam USAdha Bali (USAdha Dalem)

Usadha Bali merupakan salah satu warisan budaya bangsa yang memuat tentang pemanfaatan tanaman obat untuk mengatasi masalah kesehatan yang ada di Bali. Pengobatan dengan tanaman obat masih menjadi salah satu pilihan bagi masyarakat Bali dalam mengobati penyakit-penyakit degeneratir. Dalam kajian ini akan dilakukan penelusuran penggunaan tanaman obat dalam USAda disesuaikan dengan kajian ilmiah yang mendukung terhadap pemanfaatan sesuai dengan Usadha Bali. Terdapat beberapa tanaman yang memiliki kesesuaian manfaat antara penggunaan dalam USAdha Bali dengan kajian ilmiah, tetapi ada juga yang tidak sesuai. Adas dan pule merupakan tanaman yang pemanfaatannya dalam USAda Bali (USAdha dalem) dan kajian ilmiah memiliki khasiat yang sama yaitu sebagai peghilang rasa sakit. Untuk tanaman dalam Usadha Bali yang belum memiliki kajian ilmiah yang sesuai dapat dijadikan sebagai ide awal untuk dilakukan pengujian secara ilmiah

Mutational Analyses of the Influenza A Virus Polymerase Subunit PA Reveal Distinct Functions Related and Unrelated to RNA Polymerase Activity

Influenza A viral polymerase is a heterotrimeric complex that consists of PA, PB1, and PB2 subunits. We previously reported that a di-codon substitution mutation (G507A-R508A), denoted J10, in the C-terminal half of PA had no apparent effect on viral RNA synthesis but prevented infectious virus production, indicating that PA may have a novel role independent of its polymerase activity. To further examine the roles of PA in the viral life cycle, we have now generated and characterized additional mutations in regions flanking the J10 site from residues 497 to 518. All tested di-codon mutations completely abolished or significantly reduced viral infectivity, but they did so through disparate mechanisms. Several showed effects resembling those of J10, in that the mutant polymerase supported normal levels of viral RNA synthesis but nonetheless failed to generate infectious viral particles. Others eliminated polymerase activity, in most cases by perturbing the normal nuclear localization of PA protein in cells. We also engineered single-codon mutations that were predicted to pack near the J10 site in the crystal structure of PA, and found that altering residues K378 or D478 each produced a J10-like phenotype. In further studies of J10 itself, we found that this mutation does not affect the formation and release of virion-like particles per se, but instead impairs the ability of those particles to incorporate each of the eight essential RNA segments (vRNAs) that make up the viral genome. Taken together, our analysis identifies mutations in the C-terminal region of PA that differentially affect at least three distinct activities: protein nuclear localization, viral RNA synthesis, and a trans-acting function that is required for efficient packaging of all eight vRNAs

Genome amplification and gene expression in the ciliate macronucleus

The focus of this review is on the micronucleus and macronucleus in the ciliated protozoa and the organization and function of the DNA molecules within them. We present (1) some of the structural and functional differences which are known, (2) the genetic evidence for macronuclear units, (3) two hypotheses for the organization of the DNA molecules in the macronucleus to explain these units, and (4) experiments designed to discriminate between these hypotheses. We conclude that the size of the genome is not reduced in the macronucleus and that there are 45 copies of the haploid genome present in the macronucleus of normal strains of Tetrahymena pyriformis and 800 copies in the macronucleus of Paramecium aurelia . The ciliate genome is relatively simple in terms of repeated sequences. However, not all copies of the genes present in the macronucleus may be identical since fractions of differing thermal stability appear after renaturation.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44178/1/10528_2004_Article_BF00486122.pd