The Economic Growth Catalyzers at the European Level, in the Context of the 2008 Financial Crisis

The research addresses the issue of identifying new catalysts for economic growth at European level, supporting the future mix of policies. It was analyzed, the nature of the intercorrelation between the economic indicators Gross Domestic Product (GDP and GDP per capita), conventionally assimilated to economic growth and relevant macroeconomic indicators, interacting in a complex manner (domestic credit, export of goods and services, Foreign Direct Investment ‒ net inflows, saving). In the first two parts of this paper we present the main challenges and macroeconomic evolutions at the European level, as well as, relevant aspects reflected in researches and representative studies for the issues addressed; the third part of the article includes the empirical study for 20 European countries over a period of 17 years, where, based on the use of the multiple regression model, we analyzed the correlations between the indicators for the Gross Domestic Product ‒ endogenous variables and the main macroeconomic country indicators ‒ exogenous variables (domestic credit, export of goods and services, Foreign Direct Investment ‒ net inflows, savings). Part four highlights the results of the research alongside other issues relevant to future analysis. The research reflects the evolution of economic growth, measured both by the change in GDP and by the change in GDP per capita that can be explained mainly for the data panel considered in the analysis, by means of two catalytic factors: the dynamics of the domestic credit, respectively that of the savings, variables with a lower degree of volatilit

Multilateral development banks – Strategic actors in the new economy?

The paper addresses the role of multilateral development banks in the new economic paradigm, built in the context of multiple crises with global impact. Multilateral development banks, in their capacity as promoters of governments’ policies are “invited/expected” to play a key role in the new geopolitical architecture, holding a competitive advantage in the provision of finance, which is linked to the design and implementation of structural reforms and programs of strengthening institutions controlled by governments. The paper aims to represent a signal regarding the strategic component and the synergies that multilateral development banks can determine. It highlights the tools that multilateral development banks have for selecting, monitoring and supporting programs and projects with regional and global impact. The paper describes the state of knowledge and reviews the specialised literature in the field of multilateral development banks, describes intervention channels and financing products of multilateral development banks, and discusses their impact on a European and regional level. The concluding remarks address the strategic role of multilateral development banks, their contribution to sustainable development goals and outline directions for future research

Desarrollo de un ChatBot para la asistencia eficiente y automática a los estudiantes desde la Delegación de Alumnos de la ETSISI

La tecnología cada vez realiza más tareas por y para nosotros, y últimamente el término de Machine Learning está en boca de todos. Cada vez se ven más sistemas que incluyen este tipo de tecnología tales como detección de correo de spam, la comprensión de textos, vehículos autónomos o cualquier tipo de predictor. Dentro de estos sistemas, un tipo común a ellos son los Bots que interactúan con las personas para realizar ciertas tareas de comunicación. Hoy en día es raro llamar a una compañía y que nuestra llamada la descuelgue directamente un operario, sino que lo más normal es que hablemos con un Bot primero. Lo mismo pasa en las páginas web de las empresas, donde cada vez es más normal encontrar un Bot que nos ofrezca asistencia antes de poder contactar con un operario especializado. Es en este contexto donde se enmarca este Proyecto. Las Delegaciones de Alumnos de las Escuelas Universitarias tienen que responder una gran cantidad de preguntas de los estudiantes, en su mayoría con mucha frecuencia de repetición, a través de todos los canales de comunicación de los que disponen. Muchas de estas preguntas son genéricas, y dada su naturaleza de repetición, estas podrían ser contestadas por un Bot de manera instantánea. Este Proyecto se centra en el desarrollo de este tipo de Bot como solución de soporte a las labores de apoyo que, desde la Delegación de alumnos de la E.T.S. de Ingeniería de Sistemas Informáticos de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, se llevan a cabo a los estudiantes de esta Escuela. Para el desarrollo de esta solución se han explorado y desarrollado distintos modelos de Machine Learning, de tal forma que se pudiera elegir el que mejor precisión de respuesta y rendimiento ofrecía. Una vez desarrollado el Bot, este se despliega en un servidor de forma que está disponible en todo momento y se integra dentro de la plataforma de mensajería instantánea Telegram, la cual permite un contacto directo, rápido y personalizado con la comunidad estudiantil. Abstract: Technology is doing more and more tasks for us, and lately the term Machine Learning is talked about. We are seeing more and more systems that include this type of technology such as spam mail detection, text understanding, autonomous vehicles, or any type of predictor. Among these systems, one of the most common are Bots that interact with people to perform certain communication tasks. Nowadays it is rare to call a company and have our call picked up directly by an operator, but the most normal thing is to talk to a Bot first. The same happens on company websites, where it is increasingly common to find a Bot that offers assistance before being able to contact a specialized operator. It is this context that this Project belong to. The Student Unions of the University Schools have to answer a large number of questions from students, most of them with a high frequency of repetition, through all the communication channels available to them. Many of these questions are generic, which could be answered instantly by a Bot. This Project is focused on the development of this type of Bot as a solution for the support tasks that, from the Student Delegation of the E.T.S.I.S.I., Polytechnical University of Madrid, are carried out for the students from the school. For the development of this solution, different Machine Learning models have been explored and developed, in order to choose the one that offered the best response accuracy and performance. Once the Bot is developed, it is deployed on a server so that it is available at all times and is integrated into the Telegram instant messaging platform, which allows direct, fast, and personalized contact with the student community

The Bioeconomy and Foreign Trade in Food Products—A Sustainable Partnership at the European Level?

This research addresses the problem of the synergistic relationship between the sustainable development of the green economy (bioeconomy) at the European level and the commercial flows with food. Mainly, two components were analyzed and integrated: A qualitative one, on the perspective of the development of the bioeconomy at the European level, and a quantitative one, on the study of the nature of the inter-correlation between the exogenous indicators of foreign food trade (exports and imports) and the relevant endogenous indicators (the labor force, gross added value of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, research and development expenditure, forest area, fossil fuel energy consumption, and renewable energy consumption), for 24 European countries over a 22 year period. Exports and imports of food products are positively influenced by the added value of the agricultural sector and by the share of research and development expenditures, both in the short and long term. Renewable energy consumption influences exports in the short term, but in the long term, the forest area has a significant positive impact. Imports are negatively influenced by renewable energy consumption. The findings of this research can provide support for the future mix of policies