Raphtory: The temporal graph engine for Rust and Python

Raphtory is a platform for building and analysing temporal networks. The library includes methods for creating networks from a variety of data sources; algorithms to explore their structure and evolution; and an extensible GraphQL server for deployment of applications built on top. Raphtory’s core engine is built in Rust, for efficiency, with Python interfaces, for ease of use. Raphtory is developed by network scientists, with a background in Physics, Applied Mathematics, Engineering and Computer Science, for use across academia and industry

Effect of mineral-enriched diet and medicinal herbs on Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu uptake in chicken

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The goal of our study was to evaluate the effects of different medicinal herbs rich in polyphenol (Lemon balm, Sage, St. John's wort and Small-flowered Willowherb) used as dietary supplements on bioaccumulation of some essential metals (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) in different chicken meats (liver, legs and breast).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In different type of chicken meats (liver, legs and breast) from chickens fed with diets enriched in minerals and medicinal herbs, beneficial metals (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) were analysed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Fe is the predominant metal in liver and Zn is the predominant metal in legs and breast chicken meats. The addition of metal salts in the feed influences the accumulations of all metals in the liver, legs and breast chicken meat with specific difference to the type of metal and meat. The greatest influences were observed in legs meat for Fe and Mn. Under the influence of polyphenol-rich medicinal herbs, accumulation of metals in the liver, legs and breast chicken meat presents specific differences for each medicinal herb, to the control group that received a diet supplemented with metal salts only. Great influence on all metal accumulation factors was observed in diet enriched with sage, which had significantly positive effect for all type of chicken meats.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Under the influence of medicinal herbs rich in different type of polyphenol, accumulation of metals in the liver, legs and breast chicken meat presents significant differences from the group that received a diet supplemented only with metal salts. Each medicinal herb from diet had a specific influence on the accumulation of metals and generally moderate or poor correlations were observed between total phenols and accumulation of metals. This may be due to antagonism between metal ions and presence of other chelating agents (amino acids and protein) from feeding diets which can act as competitor for complexation of metals and influence accumulation of metals in chicken meat.</p> <p><b>Graphical abstract</b></p

Dynamical Boson Stars

The idea of stable, localized bundles of energy has strong appeal as a model for particles. In the 1950s John Wheeler envisioned such bundles as smooth configurations of electromagnetic energy that he called {\em geons}, but none were found. Instead, particle-like solutions were found in the late 1960s with the addition of a scalar field, and these were given the name {\em boson stars}. Since then, boson stars find use in a wide variety of models as sources of dark matter, as black hole mimickers, in simple models of binary systems, and as a tool in finding black holes in higher dimensions with only a single killing vector. We discuss important varieties of boson stars, their dynamic properties, and some of their uses, concentrating on recent efforts.Comment: 79 pages, 25 figures, invited review for Living Reviews in Relativity; major revision in 201

Radiothérapie conformationnelle avec modulation d'intensité (RCMI) guidée par l'image : Impact de l'augmentation du volume irradié à faible dose

cited By 18Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) combined or not with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) are new and very useful techniques. However, these new techniques are responsible of irradiation at low dose in large volumes. The control of alignment, realignment of the patient and target positioning in external beam radiotherapy are increasingly performed by radiological imaging devices. The management of this medical imaging depends on the practice of each radiotherapy centre. The physical doses due to the IGRT are however quantifiable and traceable. In one hand, these doses appear justified for a better targeting and could be considered negligible in the context of radiotherapy. On the other hand, the potential impact of these low doses should deserve the consideration of professionals. It appears important therefore to report and consider not only doses in target volumes and in " standard" organs at risk, but also the volume of all tissue receiving low doses of radiation. The recent development of IMRT launches the same issue concerning the effects of low doses of radiation. Indeed, IMRT increases the volume of healthy tissue exposed to radiation. At low dose (<. 100. mGy), many parameters have to be considered for health risk estimations: the induction of genes and activation of proteins, bystander effect, radio-adaptation, the specific low-dose radio-hypersensitivity and individual radiation sensitivity. With the exception of the latter, the contribution of these parameters is generally protective in terms of carcinogenesis. An analysis of secondary cancers arising out of field appears to confirm such notion. The risk of secondary tumours is not well known in these conditions of treatment associating IMRT and IGRT. It is therefore recommended that the dose due to imaging during therapeutic irradiation be reported. © 2010 Société française de radiothérapie oncologique (SFRO).La radiothérapie guidée par l’image (IGRT) et la radiothérapie conformationnelle avec modulation d’intensité (RCMI) sont utilisées de plus en plus fréquemment. Certains auteurs recommandent même que les irradiations par RCMI soient toujours guidées par l’image. Le contrôle de l’alignement, du réalignement du patient et de la position des cibles en radiothérapie externe sont effectués de plus en plus par une imagerie de qualité radiologique. Toutefois ces nouvelles procédures provoquent des irradiations à faibles doses dans des volumes qui peuvent être importants. Les doses physiques dues à cette imagerie sont connues, quantifiables et traçables. Lors de l’évaluation et la comparaison de ces nouvelles techniques, comparativement aux techniques classiques (radiothérapie tridimensionnelle ou classique), la prise en compte des volumes recevant de faibles doses ainsi que des doses relativement élevées (10–50 Gy) doit être considérée. En effet, les effets secondaires des faibles doses ainsi que le risque de cancers secondaires avec ces nouvelles techniques sont mal connus. À faible niveau de dose (< 100 mGy), plusieurs phénomènes et paramètres sont à considérer pour estimer le risque pour la santé : induction de gènes et activation de protéines impliquées dans la réparation cellulaire, activation de signalisation des dommages, induction d’effet bystander, radio-adaptation, hypersensibilité à faible dose et sensibilité individuelle. L’analyse faite sur l’apparition de cancers secondaires hors du volume cible montre que, à l’exception du dernier paramètre, la contribution des autres facteurs est actuellement considérée comme étant plutôt protectrice du point de vue du risque de cancérogenèse. Le manque de recul concernant ces nouvelles techniques et cette question devrait nous conduire à une certaine prudence, à la mise en place d’une surveillance particulière des populations de jeunes adultes ou d’enfants devant recevoir une RCMI. Il est recommandé dans les comptes rendus de fin de traitement d’au moins rapporter la dose liée au guidage par l’image