An Analysis of Entrepreneurship Curriculum Content: A Case study of the University of Zimbabwe Faculty Of Commerce

The research investigates the role of curriculum in the development of entrepreneurs in the University environment, focusing on the Faculty of Commerce at the University of Zimbabwe. Curriculum plays a vital part in shaping student development and it is vital to recognise the underlying factors and policy developments both at global and national level which necessitate the paradigm shifts towards entrepreneurial education.  These include socio transformation due to globalisation, effects of sanctions, HIV/AIDS, reduced economic activity and high unemployment have necessitated a from the worker oriented graduate to an entrepreneurial mind-set that can create economic value and jobs. This study sought to investigate lecturer perspectives on the current state of the curriculum and determine the extent to which it is aligned to the said paradigmatic shifts in development thinking. The researchers used mixed methods to gather qualitative and quantitative data. The survey questionnaire was used to gather systematic responses from lecturers. The following are key highlights. From the survey 93.3% of the respondents indicated that they are given orientation training for curriculum development in the department; 67.7% disagree that entrepreneurship content undermines academic standards; 68.7% think there is entrepreneurship content; 40% think its adequate). The survey results recommended courses like Entrepreneurial Skills Development, Business Administration, Business Management (twice), Project Management, Project Management and Business Operations Business Marketing, Marketing and Economics to be systematically incorporated from the first year. Keywords: knowledge management, university industry linkage (UIL), curriculum, entreprenuershi

Leadership Style of Managers during Mergers in the Hospitality Industry

This qualitative study investigated leadership styles employed by hospitality managers during mergers and acquisitions. A total of ten managers drawn from Africa and USA participated in the study.  The managers responded to five questions; what is the impact of mergers on organizations and their management? How does management communicate with employees during an M&A? How do leaders guide their followers through an M&A? Why do organizational culture changes affect the M&A outcome? Why are M&A a source of stress for employees and leaders? How do employees and leaders deal with change during an M&A?  The ten mangers living and working on two different continents shared similar views on the issues impacting M & As. Managers behavior is characterized by stress, anxiety, cultural shock and  loss of jobs during M & As. M & A benefits include access to new resources, market access and learning new techniques including management practices. The need to communicate in methodological manner was deemed important to the success of M &A transition. Positional thought and transformational leadership styles were deemed appropriate as ideal to mitigate the negative effects of M & As. Key words: mergers and acquisitions, positional leadership, thought leadership, transformational leadership, hospitalit

An Investigative Study into Perspectives and Experiences of Incubates at the Chandaria Business Innovation and Incubation Centre at the Kenyatta University

The study presents results from an investigative study undertaken at the Kenyatta University (KU) Chandaria Business Innovation and Incubation Centre. A total of 10 incubates representing 10 projects were engaged in face to face interviews. The incubates were appreciative of the value that incubation centre such as the one at KU contributed to stimulation and nurturing of innovation and creativity. The findings from the study re-affirms the role of incubation centres play as social capital networking platforms, providing access to infrastructure (space and equipment), access to seed funding,  expertise, mentorship,  leveraging access to markets, business skills development. The study findings identified areas that need attention which include improvement and re-alignment of general curriculum towards innovation and creativity. This approach thus departs from the pro left brain approach balancing with a right brain approach promoting creativity and innovation. Keywords: University Industry Linkages, 21st Century Knowledge Economy, Knowledge Management, Scientific Management, Evidence Based Practice, International Economics, Business Incubatio

A Comparative Study of Entrepreneurship Curriculum Development and Review at the University of Zimbabwe and Botho University, Botswana

The purpose of this research was to make comparative study of the development and review process of the entrepreneurship curriculum at the University of Zimbabwe (UZ) Faculty of Commerce and Botho University, (BU) Faculty of Business and Accounting in Gaborone, Botswana.  The study focused on the processes and influences of curriculum development and review as well as on what skills graduates of the programme are expected to have after successfully completing the programme. A sample of 16 staff members from the UZ and 23 staff members from BU participated in the study. Results of the study showed that lecturers at the two institutions are the main drivers of curricula development and review. Major factors considered in curriculum design included students, industry needs, legislation, competition as well as external examiners. The findings also recommended courses which should be taught from first year which include Small Business Management, Entrepreneurial Skills Development, Introduction to Finance and Economics. Keywords: entrepreneurship, curriculum, review process, critical skills, foundational course

Metamorphism of the Palaeoproterozoic Magondi mobile belt north of Karoi, Zimbabwe

The Palaeoproterozoic Magondi mobile belt flanks the Zimbabwe Archaean Craton to the northwest. The belt is composed of metamorphosed sedimentary, volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks associated with quartzofeldspathic gneisses intruded by granitoids, some charnockitic, in the high-grade part of the belt. The belt is metamorphosed from low-grade greenschist-facies in the south and middle to upper amphibolite-facies in the north. Granulite-facies rocks are developed in the extreme north and northwestern part of the belt. Garnet-biotite geothermometry in metapelites indicates that temperatures increase from 590-600°C in the mid-amphibolite-facies through 640-690°C in the upper amphibolite-facies terrain and up to 730°C in the granulite-facies areas. In the granulite-facies terrains, garnet-biotite temperatures are similar to temperatures calculated using garnet-cordierite, garnet-clinopyroxene and, to some extent, two-feldspar geothermometers. Pressures calculated with the GASP barometers are 6 ± 1 kbar for both upper amphibolite- and granulite-facies, suggesting that the granulite-amphibolite-facies transition is primarily isobaric. The calculated pressures for granulites do not support models which invoke the formation of granulites by continent-continent collision. Instead the P-T data suggest that the Magondi mobile belt granulites were formed in a region of high heat flow, with heat possibly being supplied by deep-seated plutons

Pan-African structures and metamorphism in the Makuti group, north-west Zimbabwe

The Makuti Group is composed of arkosic gneisses, amphibolites, marbles, calc-silicate rocks and minor pelitic schists and forms part of the Pan-African supracrustal sequence within the Zambezi belt in north-west Zimbabwe. The group was affected by two generations of folds (Dz1 and DZ2). The DZ1 folds are isoclinal and plunge gently to the NW and SE. Dz2 folds are upright and refold Dz1 folds on an almost coincident axis giving rise to a type III fold interference pattern. Metamorphism within the Makuti Group is syn-DZ1 and pre-DZ2. Temperatures calculated from garnet-biotite (grt-bt) geothermometers increase to the south from 538±49°C in upper greenschist/low amphibolite facies, to 595±46°C for mid-amphibolite facies and 718±30°C for the upper amphibolite grade. Upper amphibolite grt-bt temperatures are supported by amphibole-plagioclase and garnet-hornblende (grt-hbl) temperatures. Compositional zoning is reflected by high anorthite content in plagioclase rims (An24–30) relative to the cores (An10–16) and by high Xgro+sps cores and low Xpyp+alm cores relative to the rims in garnets. Temperatures calculated using garnet and plagioclase rim compositions are 50°C higher than core temperatures. Thus growth zoning in plagioclase and garnet preserve a portion of the prograde P-T path. The metamorphic and structural data concur with the southward thrusting of the Zambezi belt

Geochemistry of amphibolites and quartzofeldspathic gneisses in the Pan-African Zambezi belt, northwest Zimbabwe: Evidence for bimodal magmatism in a continental rift setting

The Zambezi belt separates the Congo and Kalahari cratons in southern Africa and is a key part of the regional Pan-African orogenic framework related to amalgamation of Gondwana in the Neoproterozoic-early Palaeozoic. Several thick, probably correlative, supracrustal sequences are preserved in the belt in Zimbabwe and Zambia. The Makuti Group, a major assemblage of supracrustal rocks within the belt in northwestern Zimbabwe, consists dominantly of amphibolite-facies quartzofeldspathic gneisses of supracrustal origin interlayered with horizons of marble, calc-silicate rock, quartzite, and pelitic schist. Numerous thick, concordant amphibolites derived from mafic sills and/or lava flows are intercalated within the supracrustal sequence. Major- and immobile trace-element geochemistry indicates dominantly tholeiitic affinities for the amphibolites, with some samples showing transitional to alkaline affinities. High-field-strength trace-element contents and LREE-enriched patterns are consistent with a within-plate setting for the mafic rocks. Major- and trace-element data show the quartzofeldspathic gneisses to be dominantly of igneous origin. Their protoliths are inferred to be mainly peralkaline rhyolites and trachytes. High Zr contents (up to 1500 ppm) are a diagnostic signature for these rocks. The bimodal nature of the magmatism and the abundance of peralkaline felsic rocks point to a continental rift zone as the setting for the Makuti Group. Other examples of pre-orogenic, mafic or bimodal magmatic rocks are found in the Zambezi belt elsewhere along strike in Zambia and Zimbabwe. All these rocks are inferred to represent widespread, rift-related magmatism associated with initiation of the depositional basin within which the Neoproterozoic sequences of the Zambezi belt accumulated

Geochemistry of amphibolites and quartzofeldspathic gneisses in the Pan-African Zambezi belt, northwest Zimbabwe: Evidence for bimodal magmatism in a continental rift setting

The Zambezi belt separates the Congo and Kalahari cratons in southern Africa and is a key part of the regional Pan-African orogenic framework related to amalgamation of Gondwana in the Neoproterozoic-early Palaeozoic. Several thick, probably correlative, supracrustal sequences are preserved in the belt in Zimbabwe and Zambia. The Makuti Group, a major assemblage of supracrustal rocks within the belt in northwestern Zimbabwe, consists dominantly of amphibolite-facies quartzofeldspathic gneisses of supracrustal origin interlayered with horizons of marble, calc-silicate rock, quartzite, and pelitic schist. Numerous thick, concordant amphibolites derived from mafic sills and/or lava flows are intercalated within the supracrustal sequence. Major- and immobile trace-element geochemistry indicates dominantly tholeiitic affinities for the amphibolites, with some samples showing transitional to alkaline affinities. High-field-strength trace-element contents and LREE-enriched patterns are consistent with a within-plate setting for the mafic rocks. Major- and trace-element data show the quartzofeldspathic gneisses to be dominantly of igneous origin. Their protoliths are inferred to be mainly peralkaline rhyolites and trachytes. High Zr contents (up to 1500 ppm) are a diagnostic signature for these rocks. The bimodal nature of the magmatism and the abundance of peralkaline felsic rocks point to a continental rift zone as the setting for the Makuti Group. Other examples of pre-orogenic, mafic or bimodal magmatic rocks are found in the Zambezi belt elsewhere along strike in Zambia and Zimbabwe. All these rocks are inferred to represent widespread, rift-related magmatism associated with initiation of the depositional basin within which the Neoproterozoic sequences of the Zambezi belt accumulated