Effects of consumption of galactooligosaccharides obtained through whey enzymatically modified on the faecal flora and nutritional parameters of hamsters

The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of wheyenzymatically modified rich in galactooligosaccharides in thenutritional characteristics and effects in the microflora of cecumcontents by the study with Golden Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetusauratus) for 28 days (controlled conditions). Three isoproteic dietswere prepared (20% w/w): C (casein), W (whey) and G (wheymodified). The groups studied differed positively from the C regardingfeed and protein efficiency ratio. The relationships (w/w) oforgan/body were found proportional in all diets. The counts ofprobiotics from the cecum contents the groups showed no difference.The pHs of studied groups were lower than C, this acidity can atimpairs the ability of pathogens to grow in the intestine. Resultssuggest that using whey enzymatically modified rich ingalactooligosaccharides could replace the standard diet withnutritional efficiency and possible inhibit the microorganismspathogenic without induce damage in health.Fil: Dos Santos Da Fonseca, Renata Aline. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Rodrigues Machado, Adriana. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande; BrasilFil: Muniz Moreira, Lidiane. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande; BrasilFil: Rodrigues, Rosane S.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; BrasilFil: Machado, Mirian. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; BrasilFil: Souza Soares, Leonor A.. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande; BrasilFil: Burkert, Carlos André V.. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande; BrasilFil: Burkert, Janaína Fernandes de Medeiros. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande; Brasi

Efeitos de diferentes concentrações de spirulina nos perfis bioquímico, hematológico e nutricional de ratos wistar nutridos e desnutridos

Dissertação(mestrado)- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Ciência de Alimentos, Escola de Química e Alimentos, 2010.Spirulina é uma cianobactéria que vem sendo produzida e estudada devido suas propriedades nutricionais e benéficas à saúde. Atualmente, a Legislação brasileira recomenda, como limite máximo de consumo diário por pessoa, 1,6g de Spirulina (BRASIL, 2009). O presente trabalho tem como objetivo geral avaliar o efeito de dietas adicionadas de diferentes concentrações de Spirulina LEB-18 sobre os perfis bioquímicos, hematológicos, nutricionais e fisiológicos de ratos machos da linhagem Rattus norvegicus cepa Wistar/UFPel. Atendendo todas as necessidades bioclimatológicas, tanto de micro como macro ambientes, o bioensaio, aprovado pela Comissão de Ética da Universidade Federal de Pelotas – UFPel (processo nº 23110. 008077/2009-22) foi conduzido na Sala de Experimentação Animal do Departamento de Ciência dos Alimentos da UFPel. O experimento foi realizado durante 45 dias, sendo os 5 primeiros para adaptação dos animais ao ambiente e à dieta controle e os demais para a realização, em paralelo, de dois experimentos (I e II). No experimento “I”, com duração de 40 dias, os animais (n=24) foram distribuídos em 4 tratamentos, conforme dieta ofertada: C (caseína como fonte protéica); S1 (1,6g Spirulina/dia); S2 (3,2g Spirulina/dia); e S3 (4,8g Spirulina/dia). No experimento II, durante 10 dias, os animais (n=23) receberam uma dieta aprotéica (A). Posteriormente foram redistribuídos em 4 grupos (C, S1, S2 e S3) para recuperação nutricional durante 30 dias. No decorrer e ao término do experimento foram observados peso dos animais e ingestão diária de dieta; coletados materiais biológicos, como, excretas, sangue e órgãos para posteriores determinações. Dentre as concentrações estudadas, a S1, caracterizada pelo limite descrito pela ANVISA, apresentou melhores resultados. Apesar de algumas diferenças entre os tratamentos adicionados de Spirulina, a microalga mostrou-se eficaz ao desenvolvimento dos animais e não causou reações adversas, conforme determinações, condições e período de realização desta pesquisa.Spirulina is a cyanobacteria that has been produced and studied for its nutritional properties and health benefits. Presently, Brazilian legislation recommends a maximum consumption limit of 1.6g of Spirulina daily per person (BRAZIL, 2009). This study has the general objective of evaluating the effect of diets supplemented with different concentrations of Spirulina LEB-18 on biochemical profiles, hematologic, nutritional and physiological characteristics of male rats of the classification Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar/UFPel. Given all the bioclimatological needs, both micro and macro environments, the bio-assay, approved by the Ethics Committee of Pelotas Federal University (UFPEL) (processo nº 23110. 008077/2009-22), was conducted in the Hall of Animal Experimentation at the Department of Food Science, UFPEL. The study was carried out over 45 days, with the first 5 days for the adaptation of the animals to the environemnt and dietary control. Over the remaining 40 days, two experiments (I and II) were carried out in parallel. In experiment “I”, lasting 40 days, the animals (n=24) were distributed into the following 4 groups of diet preparation offered: C (casein as a protein source); S1 (1,6g Spirulina/day); S2 (3,2g Spirulina/day); and S3 (4,8g Spirulina/day). In experiment “II”, lasting 10 days, the animals (n=23) received an aproteic diet (A). Afterwards, they were distributed into four groups offered the diet preparations C, S1, S2 and S3 cited above, for nutritional recovery lasting 30 days. In the course of the experiment and at the end, animal weight and daily dietary intake were observed; biological materials, (such as feces, blood and organs), were collected for subsequent analysis. Amongst the concentrations studied, the S1 group, characterised by the limit described by ANVISA, showed better results. Despite some differences amongst the groups, supplementation with Spirulina microalgae proved effective for animal development and caused no adverse reactions, as prescribed within the conditions and duration of this research

Spirulina platensis biomass cultivated in Southern Brazil as a source of essential minerals and other nutrients

The aim of this study was to determine elemental constituent of microalgal biomass Spirulina platensis LEB-18 grown on the shores of Mangueira Lagoon, South of Brazil. The spread of inoculum was performed in standard Zarrouk medium. When the microalgae concentration reached 0.50 g L-1, the biomass was separated by filtration and dried in a tray dryer at 50°C for 5 h. The harvested biomass was then ground in a ball mill, sieved to achieve a particle size of 88 μm (~ 300 mg) in triplicate, digested with concentrated HNO3 and diluted with up to 5% HNO3 for subsequent quantification. Mineral content was determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry with axial view and other nutrients by standard methods. Among the macro minerals, in μg g-1 ± standard deviation, calcium (15.108±529), sodium (14.6552±485) and potassium (14.036±109) were found in the largest amount. The micro mineral present in greater quantity, in μg g-1 ± standard deviation, was the iron (956±9) and nutrients present in the following order: protein (58.5%), ash (12.0%), carbohydrate (7.5%), lipid (7.0%) and crude fiber (0.95%). Results were compared with the values of minerals for human consumption recommended by the Food and Drug Administration and also with the Recommended Daily Intake (RDI) of minerals by Brazilian Legislation. The findings proved promising for the use of S. platensis strain LEB-18 as an alternative source of essential minerals and other nutrients for the human body

Spirulina as a protein source in the nutritional recovery of wistar rats

This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of Spirulina (Arthrospira) as a protein source in the nutritional recovery of rats subjected to protein malnutrition. In order to understand such effects, responses of the developing body, serum biochemical profile, and blood count of animals were analyzed. A total of, 23 Wistar Rattus norvegicus were given a proteic diet (AIN-93G adapted) in malnutrition phase (phase I) for 10 days. After this period, the rats were separated into four groups according to the protein source (recovery phase): Control (C), casein 12%; Spirulina level I (S1), Spirulina 8.8% + casein 5.0%; Spirulina level II (S2), Spirulina 17.6% + casein 0.15%, and Spirulina level III (S3), Spirulina 26.4%. Recovery phase (phase II) lasted 30 days. In both the phases, the consumption and body weight of the rats were monitored daily and weekly, respectively. The S1 treatment showed the highest values of Feed Efficiency Ratio (FER) and Quotient of Protein Efficiency Ratio (QPE) (p≤0.05). Significant differences among the treatments were found mainly in the levels of serum lipids, and S2 diet caused an increase in such responses (p≤0.05). These results demonstrated that the nutritional recovery of animals was enabled by different concentrations of Spirulina