A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Psychoeducation on Reducing the Level of Nomophobia among the Adults in Sothupakkam at Kanchipuram District

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Psychoeducation on Reducing the Level of Nomophobia among the Adults in Sothupakkam at Kanchipuram District. OBJECTIVES: 1. To assess the level of nomophobia among the adults. 2. To assess the effectiveness of psychoeducation on reducing in level of nomophobia 3. To compare pretest and posttest psychoeducation on reducing the level of nomophobia among the adults. 4. To associate the posttest score ofpsychoeducation on reducing the level of nomophobia among the adults with selected demographic variables. OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS: ASSESS: It refer to the level of nomophobia among the adults as mild and moderate and sever nomophobia by using self structure rating scale. EFFECTIVENESS: It refers to the degree of psychoeducation on nomophobia will reduce the symptom of nomophobia among the adults. PSYCHOEDUCATION: It refers to the psychoeducation rendered by the researcher regarding the meaning, definition,causes, symptoms, warning signs, treatment and management of nomophobia. NOMOPHOBIA: It refers to a psychological syndrome in which a person is afraid of being out of mobile or cell phone contact, manifested as feelings of anger, tension depression, arguments, social isolation, lack of concentration and fatigue. THE ADULTS: It refers to Adults between the age groups of 20 to 49 years residing in sothupakkam, village at kanchipuram District. ASSUMPTIONS: 1. The adults have more fear of being out of mobile phone. 2. The adults have to important role to managing them nomophobia level. 3. Psychoeducation helps to adults to reduced level of nomophobia, 4. Who using mobile phone for longer duration might develop nomophobia. DELMITATION: The studyis delimited to a periodof 6 weeks. HYPOTHESIS: H1 : There is a significant in reducing the nomophobia After psychoeducation. H2 : There is a significant association between the post test score of psychoeducation among adults with Selected demographic variables. CONCLUSION: In the pretest out of 60adults, 26 (43.3%) adults had processing sever nomophobia 32 (53.3%) had moderately nomophobia. In the post test 57 (95%) mild level of nomophobia and 3 (5.0%) and the ‘t’ value 21.35 was compared with tabulated table value at the level of P< 0.05 was significant. Thus it was concluded that psychoeducation was statistically effective. NURSING PRACTICE: ❖ Psychiatry health nurse and other health professionals should be aware of psycho education on reduction in level of nomophobia among the adults. psychoeducation is an important part for individual. The purpose is to maintain, improve and promote the knowledge regarding nomophobia. The psycho education also includes planning the course content of knowledge update of nomophobia. ❖ The teaching given and it showed that there was an increase in the knowledge and attitude of the adult regarding nomophobia. This would facilitate awareness among adult about nomophobia. NURSING EDUCATION: ❖ The study outlines, the significance of short term courses and in-service education to equip nurses with the current knowledge on nomophobia. ❖ Nurse educators when planning and instructing nursing students, should provide opportunities for students to gain the knowledge in teaching students in nomophobia. ❖ Nursing personnel should be given in-service education to update their knowledge. ❖ Nurse educators when instructing the students, should provide adequate opportunity for each student. NURSING ADMINISTRATION: ❖ With technology advanced and ever growing challenges of health care needs. The college and hospital administration, have a responsibility to provide nurses, nurse educators with continuing education opportunities on nomophobia. This will enable the nurses to update their knowledge and to acquire special skills. ❖ The study finding will help the administrator to arrange continuing education programme for nurses regarding nomophobia. It helps to prepare adequate learning material for giving health education. ❖ The nurse administrator should take active part in the policy making, developing protocol, standing orders related health education. ❖ An educational programme on nomophobia need adequate supervision by nursing administrator and motives them to carry out educative roles. NURSING RESEARCH: ❖ There is a need for intensive and extensive research in this area. It opens a big avenue for research on innovative methods of creating awareness, development of teaching material and setting up multimedia centers for teaching and for creating awareness among the public regarding nomophobia. ❖ These study findings will identify the present knowledge about nomophobia to know extent of necessary information to be given. ❖ This study will motivate other investigator to conduct future studies regarding this topic. ❖ This study will help the nurse researchers to develop insight into the developing module and set information towards awareness about nomophobia and prevention of complication. RECOMMENDATIONS: Based on the research findings the following recommend

Quality of Life in Chronic Pancreatitis is Determined by Constant Pain, Disability/Unemployment, Current Smoking, and Associated Co-Morbidities

OBJECTIVES: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) has a profound independent effect on quality of life (QOL). Our aim was to identify factors that impact the QOL in CP patients. METHODS: We used data on 1,024 CP patients enrolled in the three NAPS2 studies. Information on demographics, risk factors, co-morbidities, disease phenotype, and treatments was obtained from responses to structured questionnaires. Physical and mental component summary (PCS and MCS, respectively) scores generated using responses to the Short Form-12 (SF-12) survey were used to assess QOL at enrollment. Multivariable linear regression models determined independent predictors of QOL. RESULTS: Mean PCS and MCS scores were 36.7+/-11.7 and 42.4+/-12.2, respectively. Significant (P \u3c 0.05) negative impact on PCS scores in multivariable analyses was noted owing to constant mild-moderate pain with episodes of severe pain or constant severe pain (10 points), constant mild-moderate pain (5.2), pain-related disability/unemployment (5.1), current smoking (2.9 points), and medical co-morbidities. Significant (P \u3c 0.05) negative impact on MCS scores was related to constant pain irrespective of severity (6.8-6.9 points), current smoking (3.9 points), and pain-related disability/unemployment (2.4 points). In women, disability/unemployment resulted in an additional 3.7 point reduction in MCS score. Final multivariable models explained 27% and 18% of the variance in PCS and MCS scores, respectively. Etiology, disease duration, pancreatic morphology, diabetes, exocrine insufficiency, and prior endotherapy/pancreatic surgery had no significant independent effect on QOL. CONCLUSIONS: Constant pain, pain-related disability/unemployment, current smoking, and concurrent co-morbidities significantly affect the QOL in CP. Further research is needed to identify factors impacting QOL not explained by our analyses

Chronic pancreatitis: Pediatric and adult cohorts show similarities in disease progress despite different risk factors

Objectives: To investigate the natural history of chronic pancreatitis (CP), patients in the North American Pancreatitis Study2 (NAPS2, adults) and INternational Study group of Pediatric Pancreatitis: In search for a cuRE (INSPPIRE, pediatric) were compared. Methods: Demographics, risk factors, disease duration, management and outcomes of 224 children and 1,063 adults were compared using appropriate statistical tests for categorical and continuous variables. Results: Alcohol was a risk in 53% of adults and 1% of children (p<0.0001); tobacco in 50% of adults and 7% of children (p<0.0001). Obstructive factors were more common in children (29% vs 19% in adults, p=0.001). Genetic risk factors were found more often in children. Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency was similar (children 26% vs adult 33%, p=0.107). Diabetes was more common in adults than children (36% vs 4% respectively, p<0.0001). Median emergency room visits, hospitalizations, and missed days of work/school were similar across the cohorts. As a secondary analysis, NAPS2 subjects with childhood onset (NAPS2-CO) were compared to INSPPIRE subjects. These two cohorts were more similar than the total INSPPIRE and NAPS2 cohorts, including for genetic risk factors. The only risk factor significantly more common in the NAPS2-CO cohort compared with the INSPPIRE cohort was alcohol (9% NAPS2-CO vs 1% INSPPIRE cohorts, p=0.011). Conclusions: Despite disparity in age of onset, children and adults with CP exhibit similarity in demographics, CP treatment, and pain. Differences between groups in radiographic findings and diabetes prevalence may be related to differences in risk factors associated with disease and length of time of CP

Interrogation of the perturbed gut microbiota in gouty arthritis patients through in silico metabolic modeling

Recent studies have shown perturbed gut microbiota associated with gouty arthritis, a metabolic disease characterized by an imbalance between uric acid production and excretion. To mechanistically investigate altered microbiota metabolism associated with gout disease, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequence data from stool samples of gout patients and healthy controls were computationally analyzed through bacterial community metabolic models. Patient-specific community models constructed with the metagenomics modeling pipeline, mgPipe, were used to perform k-means clustering of samples according to their metabolic capabilities. The clustering analysis generated statistically significant partitioning of samples into a Bacteroides-dominated, high gout cluster and a Faecalibacterium-elevated, low gout cluster. The high gout cluster was predicted to allow elevated synthesis of the amino acids D-alanine and L-alanine and byproducts of branched-chain amino acid catabolism, while the low gout cluster allowed higher production of butyrate, the sulfur-containing amino acids L-cysteine and L-methionine, and the L-cysteine catabolic product H2S. By expanding the capabilities of mgPipe to provide taxa-level resolution of metabolite exchange rates, acetate, D-lactate and succinate exchanged from Bacteroides to Faecalibacterium were predicted to enhance butyrate production in the low gout cluster. Model predictions suggested that sulfur-containing amino acid metabolism generally and H2S more specifically could be novel gout disease markers

Differences in Age at Onset of Symptoms, and Effects of Genetic Variants, in Patients With Early- vs Late-Onset Idiopathic Chronic Pancreatitis in a North American Cohort

Background & Aims Idiopathic chronic pancreatitis (ICP) is the second most common subtype of CP. In 1994, researchers reported the bimodal age at onset of ICP symptoms: early-onset ICP (EO-ICP; median age, 19.2 years) and late-onset ICP (LO-ICP; median age, 56.2 years). Ages of onset and clinical features of ICP differed from those of alcohol-related CP (ACP). However, variants in PRSS1 had not yet been associated with ICP. We reexamined ages of onset of ICP in a large, North American cohort of patients, and investigated the effects of genetic factors and alcohol use in patients with EO-ICP, LO-ICP, or ACP. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of patients with CP of European ancestry enrolled in the North American Pancreatitis Study 2 studies, a prospective study of 1195 patients with CP from 26 centers in the United States from August 2000 through December 2014. We compared age at onset of symptoms for 130 patients with CP who were lifetime abstainers from alcohol (61 patients with early onset and 69 patients with late onset), 308 light to moderate alcohol drinkers with CP, and 225 patients with ACP and heavy to very heavy alcohol use. DNA from available patients was analyzed for variants associated with CP in SPINK1, CFTR, and CTRC. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare continuous variables across groups and based on genetic variants. Results Median ages at onset of symptoms were 20 years for patients with EO-ICP and no alcohol use, 58 years for patients with LO-ICP and no alcohol use, 47 years for light to moderate alcohol drinkers with CP, and 44 years for patients with ACP. A higher proportion of patients with EO-ICP had constant pain (65%) than patients with LO-ICP (31%) (P=.04). A higher proportion of patients with ACP had pseudocysts (43%) than patients with EO-ICP (11%) (P=.001). A higher proportion of patients with EO-ICP had pathogenic variants in SPINK1, CFTR, or CTRC (49%) than patients with LO-ICP (23%), light to moderate alcohol drinking with CP (26%), or ACP (23%) (P=.001). Among patients with variants in SPINK1, those with EO-ICP had onset of symptoms at a median age of 12 years, and light to moderate alcohol drinkers with CP had an age at onset of 24 years. Among patients with variants in CFTR, light to moderate alcohol drinkers had an age at onset of symptoms of 41 years, but this variant did not affect age at onset of EO-ICP or ACP. Conclusions We confirmed previously reported ages at onset of symptoms for EO-ICP and LO-ICP in a North American cohort. We found differences in clinical features among patients with EO-ICP, LO-ICP, and ACP. Almost half of patients with EO-ICP have genetic variants associated with CP, compared to about one-quarter of patients with LO-CP or ACP. Genetic variants affect ages at onset of symptoms in some groups

Multicenter evaluation of the clinical utility of laparoscopy-assisted ERCP in patients with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Background and Aims The obesity epidemic has led to increased use of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). These patients have an increased incidence of pancreaticobiliary diseases yet standard ERCP is not possible due to surgically altered gastroduodenal anatomy. Laparoscopic-ERCP (LA-ERCP) has been proposed as an option but supporting data are derived from single center small case-series. Therefore, we conducted a large multicenter study to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and outcomes of LA-ERCP. Methods This is retrospective cohort study of adult patients with RYGB who underwent LA-ERCP in 34 centers. Data on demographics, indications, procedure success, and adverse events were collected. Procedure success was defined when all of the following were achieved: reaching the papilla, cannulating the desired duct and providing endoscopic therapy as clinically indicated. Results A total of 579 patients (median age 51, 84% women) were included. Indication for LA-ERCP was biliary in 89%, pancreatic in 8%, and both in 3%. Procedure success was achieved in 98%. Median total procedure time was 152 minutes (IQR 109-210) with median ERCP time 40 minutes (IQR 28-56). Median hospital stay was 2 days (IQR 1-3). Adverse events were 18% (laparoscopy-related 10%, ERCP-related 7%, both 1%) with the clear majority (92%) classified as mild/moderate whereas 8% were severe and 1 death occurred. Conclusion Our large multicenter study indicates that LA-ERCP in patients with RYGB is feasible with a high procedure success rate comparable with that of standard ERCP in patients with normal anatomy. ERCP-related adverse events rate is comparable with conventional ERCP, but the overall adverse event rate was higher due to the added laparoscopy-related events

Common genetic variants in the CLDN2 and PRSS1-PRSS2 loci alter risk for alcohol-related and sporadic pancreatitis

Pancreatitis is a complex, progressively destructive inflammatory disorder. Alcohol was long thought to be the primary causative agent, but genetic contributions have been of interest since the discovery that rare PRSS1, CFTR, and SPINK1 variants were associated with pancreatitis risk. We now report two significant genome-wide associations identified and replicated at PRSS1-PRSS2 (1×10-12) and x-linked CLDN2 (p < 1×10-21) through a two-stage genome-wide study (Stage 1, 676 cases and 4507 controls; Stage 2, 910 cases and 4170 controls). The PRSS1 variant affects susceptibility by altering expression of the primary trypsinogen gene. The CLDN2 risk allele is associated with atypical localization of claudin-2 in pancreatic acinar cells. The homozygous (or hemizygous male) CLDN2 genotype confers the greatest risk, and its alleles interact with alcohol consumption to amplify risk. These results could partially explain the high frequency of alcohol-related pancreatitis in men – male hemizygous frequency is 0.26, female homozygote is 0.07

Wavelet Transform Based Fault Diagnosis of BLDC Motor Drive

Due to the development in science and technology tremendous improvement in solid state devices and circuits, so we need to reduce the complexity of control circuits. The Brushless DC Motor (BLDCM) has simple construction, stator consists of winding and rotor consists of permanent magnet. It has higher efficiency and high speed range. In this paper presents the vibration analysis of single phase open circuit fault conditions and the signals are extracted from the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). The Spartan-6 FPGA processor was implemented due to their high performance of the control applications in recent decades. In this process Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) techniques were used to control the speed of BLDC Motor. The experimental analysis is carried out in 3phase, BLDCM drive. The vibration signals are measured by using Accelerometer through Lab VIEW software. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v14i3.7967