20 research outputs found

    Dynamics of Development of Oikonymic System in Northern Lyudik Language Area

    Get PDF
    Some aspects of the formation of the oikonymic system of the local territory during the second half of the II millennium, which is caused, on the one hand, by the development of the settlement structure, and on the other, by the laws of toponymic nomination are discussed in the article. The material for analysis was information from historical documents (cadastres, census lists, lists of populated areas) of the 16th - early 20th centuries, as well as the results of field gatherings in the territory of the northwestern Onega inhabited by Karelian people. It is proved that the system of oikonyms includes elements dating back to different chronological periods. At the same time, oikonymic models are identified that mark individual stages in the development of the system. Particular attention is paid to the existence of oikonyms on two levels: official (written) and unofficial (oral). Of these, the former was more conservative, and the latter was more responsive to changes in circumstances related to the life of the settlement, change of ownership of the courtyard, etc. It was revealed that the widespread adoption and consolidation in the official practice of popular names occurred in the middle of the XIX century. The relevance of the study lies in a number of new etymological interpretations of oikonyms, for which historical sources are used, which made it possible to build chains of successively changing variants of the name. As a result, some Karelian folk forms of Orthodox names were reconstructed, and the list of non-calendar Karelian anthroponyms was expanded

    Russian Dialects as a Resource for Finniс Historical Lexicology

    Get PDF
    ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠΈΠ»Π° Π² Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ: 27.05.2021. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π° ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ: 07.07.2021.Submitted: 27.05.2021. Accepted: 07.07.2021.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° рСконструкция ряда вСпсских ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… Π»ΡŽΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… лСксСм, ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ для ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ послуТила диалСктная лСксика русских Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ОбонСТья. Π£Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… прибалтийско-финских языков Π² силу обрусСния насСлСния, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ вдоль Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π½Π·ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ для освоСния ОбонСТья ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ начиная с Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π’Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Новгорода, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π² качСствС субстратных ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ заимствованных Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ смСТных русских Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ…. ВСпсскиС ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ языковыС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ для этимологичСской ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ русской Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ лСксики. ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ β€” ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ русских Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ рСсурса для прибалтийско-финских этимологичСских исслСдований β€” Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ» ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ примСнСния. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ рСконструкции Π²Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Ρ€Π΅Π°Π» русского слова, Π½Π°Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π²ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ прибалтийско-финский язык-этимон; закономСрности фонСтичСской субституции ΠΈ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ спСцифичСских прибалтийско-финских Π·Π²ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ звукосочСтаний Π² русскиС Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹; Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ слова ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ сСмантика Π² родствСнных языках. Π”ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ возмоТности прСдоставляСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ топонимичСских Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… β€” Π² силу массовости ΠΈ Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅ΠΉ сохранности Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ². Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ рСконструировано нСсколько вСпсских ΠΈ Π»ΡŽΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… лСксСм, Π½Π΅ зафиксированных Π² словарях ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… источниках. Π‘Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡ… лСксСмы с суффиксами -(e)k ΠΈ -(e)h (*katek β€˜Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΠΉ лСд’, *torek β€˜ΡˆΡƒΠΌ, трСск, грохот’, *čapek β€˜Π·Π°Ρ€ΠΎΡΡˆΠ°Ρ подсСка’, rΓ€beh β€˜ΡΡ‹Ρ€ΠΎΠ΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ мСсто Π² лСсу’), вСпсскоС ΠΎΡ‚Π³Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ имя *kΓΌtm < *kΓΌtkim β€˜ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ·ΡŒ для Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ скота’ с суффиксом -im, людиковский Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ *hΓΆrpΓ€k β€˜ΠΊΠΎΠ» с ΡΡƒΡ‡ΡŒΡΠΌΠΈ для ΡΡƒΡˆΠΊΠΈ сСна’ с суффиксом -Γ€k ΠΈ вСпсский Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡˆΠ°Ρ„Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΈΠ½ *pugend ~ *pugond β€˜Π±Ρ‹ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ½Π° с ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌ руслом Π½Π° рСкС’, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ воплотился суффикс -nd (< -nto). Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ русских Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… послуТило ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ β€” «Русский Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ этимологичСский ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ€ΡŒ. ЛСксика ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Β», ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π‘. А. ΠœΡ‹Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ (2019). Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° большая Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎ поиску прибалтийско-финских ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π½Π΅ΠΉ для русских лСксСм. ΠŸΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρƒ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° словаря Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈ СстСствСнныС слоТности Π² Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΠΈ русских Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… лСксСм, для ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π΅ сохранился ΠΈΡ… вСпсский ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ этимон. Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚, Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚, Π° ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ этимологии «Русского Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ этимологичСского словаря».This article proposes a reconstruction of a number of Vepsian and Ludic Karelian derivatives of lexemes, referring to the dialectal vocabulary of the Russian dialects of Obonezhye region. Having been lost from the aforementioned Finnic languages due to the Russification of the population living along the transit waterways used for the development of Obonezhye region since the time of Veliky Novgorod, they have survived as substratum or borrowed units in geographically adjacent Russian dialects. Vepsian and Karelian language data are traditionally used for the etymological interpretation of the Russian dialect lexicon. The reverse approach, i.e. the involvement of Russian dialects as a resource for Finnic etymological studies has not been widely used. When reconstructing, it is important to consider such parameters as the area of the Russian word, aiming at a well-defined Finnic language etymon; patterns of phonetic substitution and adaptation of specific Finnic sounds and sound combinations into Russian dialects; the existence of a word and its semantics in related languages. Additional opportunities are provided by the use of toponymic data due to the massive character and good preservation of toponyms. The article reconstructs several Vepsian and Ludic derived lexemes which have not been recorded in dictionaries or other sources. Among them, there are lexemes with suffixes -(e)k and -(e)h (*katek β€˜thin ice’, *torek β€˜noise, crackling, rumbling’, *čapek β€˜overgrown undercut’, rΓ€beh β€˜damp low place in the forest’), Vepsian verbal name *kΓΌtm <* kΓΌtkim β€˜leash for cattle’ with the -im suffix, Ludic term *hΓΆrpΓ€k β€˜stake with branches for drying hay’ with the suffix -Γ€k and Vepsian landscape term *pugend ~ *pugond β€˜swift with a narrow bed on the river’, in which the suffix -nd (< -nto) is embodied. The source of Russian dialectal data is the monumental publication Russian Dialect Etymological Dictionary. Vocabulary of Contact Regions (2019) prepared by S. А. Myznikov. A lot of work was done in it to find Finnic roots for Russian lexemes. The author of the dictionary had natural difficulties in attributing Russian dialect lexemes, for which their Vepsian or Karelian etymon did not survive. The interpretations presented in the article, along the way, clarify, supplement, and sometimes correct the etymology of the Russian Dialect Etymological Dictionary.Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… выполнСния госзадания ΠšΠ°Ρ€ΠΠ¦ РАН, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ° β„– 121070700122-5 Β«Π€ΡƒΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ аспСкты исслСдования прибалтийско-финских языков ΠšΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… областСй».The study is a part of the state assignment carried out by the Karelian Research Centre of the RAS, topic 121070700122-5 β€œFundamental and Applied Aspects of the Study of the Finnic Languages of Karelia and Adjacent Regions”

    Karelian Anthroponymic Heritage in Russian Zaonezhye

    Full text link
    ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠΈΠ»Π° Π² Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ: 31.08.2023. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π° ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ: 24.10.2023.Submitted: 31.08.2023. Accepted: 24.10.2023.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡ‹, выявлСнныС Π² Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ… XVI–XVII Π²Π². ΠΏΠΎ ЗаонСТскому полуострову ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ наслСдии этой ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ для ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Русского Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ. Для Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ писцовых ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ зрСния Ρ„ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² дСлопроизводствСнныС источники заонСТского волостного самоуправлСния. ПослСдниС ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π½Π° мСстах с ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ мСстных ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, поэтому Π² Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‡Π°Ρ‰Π΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π² писцовых ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π°Ρ…, Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ имСнования, Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ срСдС. Π‘Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡ… Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ ΠΈ собствСнно ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‰Π½Ρ‹Π΅ имСнования. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π² соотвСтствии с ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‰Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ характСристики Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°: ΠΈΠ·ΡŠΡΠ½Ρ‹ Π²ΠΎ внСшнСм ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ личностных характСристиках Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°: Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π³Π»ΡƒΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π±ΠΎΠ»Ρ‚Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€. Π’ Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ этимологии ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ². Для этимологии ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ соврСмСнной ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΈ. Π¦Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ этой Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° сущСствСнно Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ знания ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ имСнословС, особСнно Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΆΡŒΡ. Π”Π°Π»Π΅Π΅, ΠΎΠ½Π° вносит свой Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ страницы Π² истории Π—Π°ΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΆΡŒΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ содСрТит ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ… здСсь ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ². Для истории ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ языка сущСствСнным оказываСтся Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² ситуации ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ отсутствия ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΡ… памятников ΠΏΠΈΡΡŒΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ XVI–XVII Π²Π². этот ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» содСрТит Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅, ΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ смазанныС русской Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, особСнности языка Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ структурныС ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ для вычлСнСния прибалтийско-финских ΠΏΠΎ корням Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ².This article analyses non-calendar Karelian anthroponyms identified in archival documents from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries on the Zaonezhye Peninsula and testifying to the Karelian heritage of this marker for the culture of the Russian North. The analysis draws upon materials of written books, as well as sources of Zaonezhye Volost self-government, which rarely come to the attention of philologists. The sources were compiled on the site with the support of information from residents, consequently, in them, more often than in written books, there are names that used to be found in the national environment. Among them, there are so-called family patronymics and nicknames. At the same time, in accordance with the universal pattern characteristic of nicknames, they reflect the negative characteristics of a person, i.e. laziness, silliness, talkativeness, etc. Many new etymologies of Karelian non-calendar anthroponyms are proposed in the analysis. For etymology, the author extensively uses data of modern Karelian anthroponyms. The value of this anthroponymy is that it significantly expands the fragmentary knowledge of traditional Karelian nouns, especially existing outside Ladoga Karelia. Additionally, it contributes to the reconstruction of the Karelian page in the history of Zaonezhye, as it contains the names of the Karelians who lived there. For the history of the Karelian language, it is significant that in the situation of almost complete absence of Karelian writing dating back to the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, this material contains some features of the language of that time, albeit blurred by Russian adaptation. Some structural markers for distinguishing Finnic anthroponyms by their roots are also proposed.Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… выполнСния госзадания ΠšΠ°Ρ€ΠΠ¦ РАН, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ° β„– 121070700122-5 Β«Π€ΡƒΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ аспСкты исслСдования прибалтийско-финских языков ΠšΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… областСй».The study is a part of the state assignment carried out by the Karelian Research Centre of the RAS, topic 121070700122-5 β€œFundamental and Applied Aspects of the Study of the Finnic Languages of Karelia and Adjacent Regions”

    Marginal imprint of human land use upon fire history in a mire-dominated boreal landscape of the Veps Highland, North-West Russia

    Get PDF
    Dendrochronological reconstructions inform us about historical climate-fire-human interactions, providing a means to calibrate projections of future fire hazard. Most of these reconstructions, however, have been developed in landscapes with a considerable proportion of xeric sites that could potentially inflate our estimates of the historic levels of fire activity. We provide a 420-year long reconstruction of fires in a mire-dominated landscape of the Veps Nature Park, North-West Russia. The area has mostly escaped large-scale forestry operations in the past and is an example of pristine mid-boreal vegetation with a high (approximately 30% for the area studied) proportion of waterlogged areas with ombrotropic mires. The historical fire cycle was 91.4 years (90% confidence intervals, CI 66.2-137.6 years) over the 1580-1720 period, decreasing to 35.9 (CI 28.1-47.6 years) between 1730 and 1770, and then increasing again to 122.7 years (CI 91.0-178.0 years) over the 1780-2000 period. Early season fires dominated over late season fires during the reconstruction period. We documented a higher fire activity period between 1730 and 1780, resulting from the increase in early season fires. This period coincided with one of the largest multi-decadal declines in the reconstructed spring precipitation since 1600 CE, although we found no significant relationship between fire and precipitation over the whole reconstructed period. The nine largest fire years were associated with negative summer precipitation and positive summer temperature anomalies over the study region. Land-use history of the area did not appear to have an effect on historical fire dynamics. Modern (1996-2016) fire records indicate a regional fire cycle of ~ 1300 years, featuring a pronounced pattern with early (April-May) and late (July-September) season fires. The uniform fire cycle in the area since 1780, occurrence of nine largest fire years during years with spring-summer droughts, and low ignition frequencies over the last 420 years (0.005 to 0.037 ignitions per year and km2) suggest that the fire regime of the Veps Highland remained largely natural until the onset of the 20th century

    Field Research of Karelian Toponymy

    Full text link
    The article reviews toponymy field research carried out by the Institute of Language, Literature and History of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences during the past 40 years and aiming to create and enlarge the card index of Karelian and neighbouring districts’ toponyms. The author determines the boundaries of the examined territory, characterizing the extent to which Russian and Baltic-Finnish (Karelian and Veps) toponymy is studied along with toponymy collection methods applied.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ даСтся ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π˜Π½ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ языка, Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ истории ΠšΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π° РАН Π½Π° протяТСнии 40 Π»Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ созданиС ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Научной ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠšΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… областСй. Автор ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ обслСдованной Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒ изучСнности Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΉ русской ΠΈ прибалтийско-финской (ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, вСпсской) Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΈ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ сбора

    Phonetic Variants of the Ancient Toponymic Stem *YlΓ€- β€˜Upper’ and Their Genesis in the Hydronymy of Karelia

    Full text link
    The paper explores modifi cations of the ancient proto-Finnic toponymic stem *YlΓ€- β€˜top, upper,’ attested in the hydronymy of Karelia and adjacent regions. The analysis aims to reveal its phonetic variants and their sources. It is observed that in hydronyms the stem is used both independently and in conjunction with some formants. The latter, originating from derivational suffi xes and grammatical markers, have a strong tradition of usage evidenced by a number of discovered toponyms with markers having specifi c protolanguage features. For instance, toponyms like IlinΕΎ/jΓ€rv (-nΕΎV < Proto-Saami *-Ε„Δ‡e), Ylini/jΓ€rvi (Finnic -ini), Yliz/jΓ€rvi (Finnic -ize) showcase different stages of the development of diminutive / attributive suffi x. The so-called superlative suffi x, derived from the protolanguage superlative marker *-maΞ·Δ‡e/*-mÀηće, along with its Saami and Finnic modifi cations, is attested in lake names such as Il’mozero, Ilemenza, Il’maΕΎ, Il’meza, Elimozero, El’mus, YlimΓ€ine, YlimΓ€is/jΓ€rvi etc. on the territory of Karelia and adjacent areas. It is proposed that the same logic applies to the origins of the Novgorod placename Ilmen. To underpin the attempted β€œupper” toponymic stems reconstruction, the study brings them in line with other place names derived from the stems with spatial semantics, formed with similar formant-types (e.g. lake Pelonč, Pil’masozero, Kukimasozero, Tarazmane). A certain areal distribution of naming patterns, apparently marking different ethno-linguistic groups, is also identifi ed. Specifi cally, the pattern El’muz ~ Elimys known in the Central Karelia and west adjacent areas of Eastern Finland refl ects the Late Proto-Saami linguistic condition. The pattern Ileksa, given its tight range between the lakes LachΠ°, Vozhe, Beloye, and Onega, as well as its phonetic appearance, may be an ancestry of an earlier language condition, associated with the Late Kargopol archaeological culture. The said culture’s areal quite accurately repeats the outlines of the toponymic range of Ileksa and some other toponymic patterns having a common Finnic-Saami and, in some cases, ancient western Uralic sources.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ рассмотрСны ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π²Π½Π΅ΠΉ прафинской топоосновы *YlΓ€- β€˜Π’Π΅Ρ€Ρ…, вСрхний’, извСстныС Π² Π³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΠšΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ смСТных Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ. ВыявлСны Π΅Π΅ фонСтичСскиС Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… гСнСзис. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ эта основа выступаСт Π² Π³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² связкС с Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом послСдниС, восходя ΠΊ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ суффиксам ΠΈ грамматичСским показатСлям, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ использования, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ выявлСниСм Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ряда Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² с праязыковым ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ показатСля. Π’Π°ΠΊ, Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ стадии развития Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ / Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ суффикса Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ… IlinΕΎ/jΓ€rv (-nΕΎV < прасаам. *-Ε„Δ‡e), Ylini/jΓ€rvi (ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±.-Ρ„ΠΈΠ½. -ini), Yliz/jΓ€rvi (ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±.-Ρ„ΠΈΠ½. -ize-). Π’Π°ΠΊ Π½Π°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ супСрлативный суффикс, восходящий ΠΊ праязыковому ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ прСвосходной стСпСни *-maΞ·Δ‡e/*-mÀηće ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ саамским ΠΈ прибалтийско-финским модификациям, отразился Π² Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π˜Π»ΡŒΠΌΠΎΠ·Π΅Ρ€ΠΎ, ИлСмСнза, ИльмаТ, ИльмСза, Π­Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ·Π΅Ρ€ΠΎ, Π­Π»ΡŒΠΌΡƒΡ, YlimΓ€ine, YlimΓ€is/jΓ€rvi ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€. Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠšΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ смСТных областСй. Π’ этом ряду прСдлагаСтся Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ истоки новгородского Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ° ИльмСнь. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° ввСсти выявлСнныС Β«Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½ΠΈΠ΅Β» топоосновы Π² ряд Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ основ с пространствСнной сСмантикой, ΠΎΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΎΠ·. ΠŸΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ½Ρ‡, ΠŸΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ·Π΅Ρ€ΠΎ, ΠšΡƒΠΊΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ·Π΅Ρ€ΠΎ, Tarazmane), которая ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ Β«Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½ΠΈΠ΅Β» рСконструкции. ВыявлСна Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ опрСдСлСнная Π°Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ дистрибуция ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ этноязыковыС ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Ρ‹. МодСль El’muz ~ Elimys, извСстная Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ Π¦Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠšΠ°Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… с Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π° Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… Восточной Ѐинляндии, ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ позднСпрасаамскоС языковоС состояниС. Π’ свою ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΡŒ, модСль ИлСкса, исходя ΠΈΠ· Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΎΠ·Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π›Π°Ρ‡Π΅, Π’ΠΎΠΆΠ΅, Π‘Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ОнСТскоС, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ фонСтичСского ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ наслСдиСм Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ языкового состояния, Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ носитСлСй ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ архСологичСской ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹. АрСал послСднСй довольно Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ повторяСт очСртания Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»Π° ИлСкса, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ряда Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ…, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅ прибалтийско-финско-саамскиС, Π° Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π²Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΡƒΡ€Π°Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ истоки.This work was performed with fi nancial support from the Federal budget, within the framework of the targeted research program carried out by the Institute of Language, Literature and History of the KarRC RAS (project АААА-А18-118012490344-5 β€œFinnic Languages of the Northwest of the Russian Federation: Linguistic Research in the Sociocultural Context”).ЀинансовоС обСспСчСниС исслСдований осущСствляСтся ΠΈΠ· срСдств Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡŽΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ государствСнного задания ΠšΠ°Ρ€ΠΠ¦ РАН (β„– АААА-А18-118012490344-5 Β«ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ±Π°Π»Ρ‚ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎ-финскиС языки Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎ-Π—Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π° Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ: лингвистичСскиС исслСдования Π² ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΌ контСкстС»)

    β€œFinnish”-Saami Flood in the Toponymy of Karelia and Russian North

    No full text
    The article analyzes four toponymic stems with the meaning of β€˜flood, overflow of water’ that have Balto-Fennic and β€” more broadly β€” Finno-Ugric origins and are attested in the toponymy of Karelia, as well as beyond its southeastern borders β€” in the Russian North. The materials were retrieved from of the Card index of toponyms of Karelia and adjacent regions, as well as the Toponymic card index of the Ural University (data related to Russian North). By virtue of semantics, the toponymic stems under consideration primarily occur in the names of water bodies, as well as flood lands. The analysis shows that all stems have verbal nature and thus are deverbal names. For two of them (Tulv- and Pais-/PaiΕΎ-) etymons (tulva, paise) are found in modern Balto-Fennic languages. For the third stem β€” Kost- (Kosht-, Kust-, Kusht-), which is traditionally associated with Balto-Fennic adjective kostea β€˜wet,’ the author suggests the possibility of a β€˜flood’-related interpretation. This proceeds, on the one hand, from the fact that the waterlogged places during the flood can be characterized as damp, wet, on the other hand, from the meaning of return movement inherent in the verbal stem kosta-. The latter reflects the characteristic movement of water back and forth. Finally, the fourth toponymic stem is based on the Saami linguistic data and their proto-linguistic reconstruction *pΔ“nte- β€˜overflow, rise (about the water level)’ which is presumably present in a number of place names. The analysis makes it possible to revise or at least offer new possibilities for the etymological interpretation of some landscape terms (e.g. pendus), as well as toponymic stems that are substratal for the Russian North and toponyms formed from them (Kushta, Pazha, Pindusha). It ultimately advances us in our search for the origins of the substrate toponymy of the Russian North

    The Riddle of Vyga

    Full text link
    In her investigation of etymological origins of the name of the river Vyg, flowing into the White Sea, the author arrives at a conclusion that the name ( Lapp. North. viekkΓ’, East. vΔ«gg, vikk β€˜power, big and strong’.ИсслСдованиС Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° АкадСмии Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊ Ѐинляндии β„– SA 208153
    corecore