1,719 research outputs found
Supercurrent-phase relationship of a Nb/InAs(2DES)/Nb Josephson junction in overlapping geometry
Superconductor/normal conductor/superconductor (SNS) Josephson junctions with
highly transparent interfaces are predicted to show significant deviations from
sinusoidal supercurrent-phase relationships (CPR) at low temperatures. We
investigate experimentally the CPR of a ballistic Nb/InAs(2DES)/Nb junction in
the temperature range from 1.3 K to 9 K using a modified Rifkin-Deaver method.
The CPR is obtained from the inductance of the phase-biased junction. Transport
measurements complement the investigation. At low temperatures, substantial
deviations of the CPR from conventional tunnel-junction behavior have been
observed. A theoretical model yielding good agreement to the data is presented.Comment: RevTex4, 4 pages including 3 figure
Математическая модель системы "датчик-трубопровод" при расположении датчика на торцевой стенке трубы
The marine isotope stage 1–5 cryptotephra record of Tenaghi Philippon, Greece:Towards a detailed tephrostratigraphic framework for the Eastern Mediterranean region
The iconic climate archive of Tenaghi Philippon (TP), NE Greece, allows the study of short-term palaeoclimatic and environmental change throughout the past 1.3 Ma. To provide high-quality age control for detailed palaeoclimate reconstructions based on the TP archive, (crypto)tephra studies of a peat core ‘TP-2005’ have been carried out for the 0–130 ka interval. The results show that the TP basin is ideally positioned to receive tephra fall from both the Italian and Aegean Arc volcanic provinces. Two visible tephra layers, the Santorini Cape Riva/Y-2 (c. 22 ka) and the Campanian Ignimbrite (CI)/Y-5 (c. 39.8 ka) tephras, and six primary cryptotephra layers, namely the early Holocene E1 tephra from the Aeolian Islands (c. 8.3 ka), the Campanian Y-3 (c. 29 ka) and X-6 tephras (c. 109.5 ka), as well as counterpart tephras TM-18-1d (c. 40.4 ka), TM-23-11 (c. 92.4 ka) and TM-33-1a (c. 116.7 ka) from the Lago Grande di Monticchio sequence (southern Italy), were identified along with repeatedly redeposited Y-2 and CI tephra material. Bayesian modelling of the ages of seven of the primary tephra layers, 60 radiocarbon measurements and 20 palynological control points have been applied to markedly improve the chronology of the TP archive. This revised chronology constrains the age of tephra TM-18-1d to 40.90–41.66 cal ka BP (95.4% range). Several tephra layers identified in the TP record form important isochrons for correlating this archive with other terrestrial (e.g., Lago Grande di Monticchio, Sulmona Basin and Lake Ohrid) and marine (e.g., Adriatic Sea core PRAD 1-2 and Aegean Sea core LC21) palaeoclimate records in the Mediterranean region
Pre-Impact Thermophysical Properties and the Yarkovsky Effect of NASA DART Target (65803) Didymos
The NASA DART (Double Asteroid Redirection Test) spacecraft impacted the secondary body of the binary asteroid (65803) Didymos on 2022 September 26and altered its orbit about the primary body. Before the DART impact, we performed visible and mid-infrared observations to constrain the pre-impact thermophysical properties of the Didymos system and to model its Yarkovsky effect. Analysis of the photometric phase curve derives a Bond albedo of 0.07 ± 0.01, and a thermophysical analysis of the mid-infrared observations derives a thermal inertia of 320 ± 70 J m-2 K-1 s-1/2 and a thermal roughness of 40° ± 3° RMS (root-mean-square) slope. These properties are compatible with the ranges derived for other S-type near-Earth asteroids. Model-to-measurement comparisons of the Yarkovsky orbital drift for Didymos derives a bulk density of 2750 ± 350 kg m-3, which agrees with other independent measures based on the binary mutual orbit. This bulk density indicates that Didymos is spinning at or near its critical spin-limit at which self-gravity balances equatorial centrifugal forces. Furthermore, comparisons with the post-impact infrared observations presented in Rivkin et al. (2023) indicate no change in the thermal inertia of the Didymos system following the DART impact. Finally, orbital temperature simulations indicate that sub-surface water ice is stable over geologic timescales in the polar regions if present. These findings will be investigated in more detail by the upcoming ESA Hera mission.<br/
Non-resonant dot-cavity coupling and its applications in resonant quantum dot spectroscopy
We present experimental investigations on the non-resonant dot-cavity
coupling of a single quantum dot inside a micro-pillar where the dot has been
resonantly excited in the s-shell, thereby avoiding the generation of
additional charges in the QD and its surrounding. As a direct proof of the pure
single dot-cavity system, strong photon anti-bunching is consistently observed
in the autocorrelation functions of the QD and the mode emission, as well as in
the cross-correlation function between the dot and mode signals. Strong Stokes
and anti-Stokes-like emission is observed for energetic QD-mode detunings of up
to ~100 times the QD linewidth. Furthermore, we demonstrate that non-resonant
dot-cavity coupling can be utilized to directly monitor and study relevant QD
s-shell properties like fine-structure splittings, emission saturation and
power broadening, as well as photon statistics with negligible background
contributions. Our results open a new perspective on the understanding and
implementation of dot-cavity systems for single-photon sources, single and
multiple quantum dot lasers, semiconductor cavity quantum electrodynamics, and
their implementation, e.g. in quantum information technology.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure
Severe falciparum malaria in Gabonese children: clinical and laboratory features
BACKGROUND: Malaria continues to claim one to two million lives a year, mainly those of children in sub-Saharan Africa. Reduction in mortality depends, in part, on improving the quality of hospital care, the training of healthcare workers and improvements in public health. This study examined the prognostic indicators of severe falciparum malaria in Gabonese children. METHODS: An observational study examining the clinical presentations and laboratory features of severe malaria was conducted at the Centre Hospitalier de Libreville, Gabon over two years. Febrile children aged from 0 to 10 years with Plasmodium falciparum infection and one or more features of severe malaria were enrolled. RESULTS: Most children presenting with severe falciparum malaria were less than 5 years (92.3% of 583 cases). Anaemia was the most frequent feature of severe malaria (67.8% of cases), followed by respiratory distress (31%), cerebral malaria (24%) hyperlactataemia (16%) and then hypoglycaemia (10%). Anaemia was more common in children under 18 months old, while cerebral malaria usually occurred in those over 18 months. The overall case fatality rate was 9%. The prognostic indicators with the highest case fatality rates were coma/seizures, hyperlactataemia and hypoglycaemia, and the highest case fatality rate was in children with all three of these features. CONCLUSIONS: Prompt and appropriate, classification and treatment of malaria helps identify the most severely ill children and aids early and appropriate management of the severely ill child
Primary Proton Spectrum of Cosmic Rays measured with Single Hadrons
The flux of cosmic-ray induced single hadrons near sea level has been
measured with the large hadron calorimeter of the KASCADE experiment. The
measurement corroborates former results obtained with detectors of smaller size
if the enlarged veto of the 304 m^2 calorimeter surface is encounted for. The
program CORSIKA/QGSJET is used to compute the cosmic-ray flux above the
atmosphere. Between E_0=300 GeV and 1 PeV the primary proton spectrum can be
described with a power law parametrized as
dJ/dE_0=(0.15+-0.03)*E_0^{-2.78+-0.03} m^-2 s^-1 sr^-1 TeV^-1. In the TeV
region the proton flux compares well with the results from recent measurements
of direct experiments.Comment: 13 pages, accepted by Astrophysical Journa
Large scale cosmic-ray anisotropy with KASCADE
The results of an analysis of the large scale anisotropy of cosmic rays in
the PeV range are presented. The Rayleigh formalism is applied to the right
ascension distribution of extensive air showers measured by the KASCADE
experiment.The data set contains about 10^8 extensive air showers in the energy
range from 0.7 to 6 PeV. No hints for anisotropy are visible in the right
ascension distributions in this energy range. This accounts for all showers as
well as for subsets containing showers induced by predominantly light
respectively heavy primary particles. Upper flux limits for Rayleigh amplitudes
are determined to be between 10^-3 at 0.7 PeV and 10^-2 at 6 PeV primary
energy.Comment: accepted by The Astrophysical Journa
On Solving the Coronal Heating Problem
This article assesses the current state of understanding of coronal heating,
outlines the key elements of a comprehensive strategy for solving the problem,
and warns of obstacles that must be overcome along the way.Comment: Accepted by Solar Physics; Published by Solar Physic
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