Contextualising Teaching and Learning in Rural Primary Schools: Using Agricultural Experience - Volume 1

Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,

Again Let's Look Before We Leap: The Effects of Physical Activity on Smoking and Drinking Patterns

This is a pre-print published in final form in the Journal of Drug and Alcohol Education. DOI/link to publishers version not available.Other research PUBLICATIONS and PAPERS on university students drinking, drug use and health concerns and behaviors can be found at: https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17130/browse?type=title; https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17127/browse?type=title and https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17124/browse?type=title. Further information about the questionnaire, calculations, and the original data base used can be found in the following item records within IUScholarworks repository. Details about the reliability and validity of the SAQ are found at: http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17337; http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17154; http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17181. The classic 1975 copy of the SAQ is found at http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17153. The Health Concern Questionnaire is found at: http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17250. Reliability and validity of this instrument are found at: http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17251. ALL QUESTIONNAIRES developed by Engs are found in the repository at: https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17141/browse?type=dateissuedThe use of jogging and other types of vigorous physical activities are becoming increasingly popular alternative programs for the prevention of drug and alcohol abuse problems in many communities and schools. The drinking and smoking patterns of a group of university students participating in active endurance and in passive participatory types of exercises were examined before and after a 15-week period of engaging in the activities three times a week at 40 minutes a day. The results of this study indicate no change in either smoking or drinking patterns for either group at the end of the 15-week period. Perhaps other factors than just vigorous exercise are important for changes in drinking and smoking patterns such as a conscious commitment to changing life styles. The authors suggest that before alternative methods such as physical activities are introduced into the schools and communities as drug and alcohol abuse prevention programs that they first be evaluated as to their effectiveness

WHAT DOES THE HEALTH CONCERN QUESTIONNAIRE REALLY TELL US?

A publication related to this presentation is found at http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17422 and a presentation for a later project is found at http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17348.The Health Concern Questionnaire used in this study can be found at: http://hdl.handle.net/2022/17250. Other research papers on health concerns and issues such as drinking and problems with alcohol can be found at: https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17130/browse?type=title; https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17127/browse?type=title and https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17124/browse?type=title. Further information about the questionnaire, calculations used for the study, and the original data base can be found in the following item records within IUScholarworks repository. ALL QUESTIONNAIRES developed by Engs are found in the repository at: https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/17141/browse?type=dateissuedBACKGROUND:The literature suggests that stress is associated with illness, especially among older adults. The PURPOSE of the study was to assess if there is an association between health concerns and life stress among college students. A purpose was also to develop a shorter version of the scale and to develop calculations for a single score. METHODS: Health concerns as measured by the"Health Concern Questionnaire," and life stress, as measured by the "Social Readjustment Rating Scale” was used.The sample included 306 students enrolled in personal health classes during the academic year 1977-1978. RESULTS: correlation between the top 12 items of concern and the total instrument was found to be quite high (r=.94). However, Only a slight positive correlation between the short and full version of the "Health Concern Questionnaire" and the “Social Readjustment Rating Scale” (r=.20) was found (P <.001).CONCLUSION: The 12 item shortened version only takes 5 minutes to complete, including the calculations of the "Total Concern Score" which makes is useful for class administration to detrmine how concerned students are about general health matters

Contextualising Teaching and Learning in Rural Primary Schools: Using Agricultural Experience - Volume 2

Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,

Transcriptional responses in the adaptation to ischaemia-reperfusion injury: a study of the effect of ischaemic preconditioning in total knee arthroplasty patients

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) has emerged as a method of reducing ischaemia-reperfusion injury. However, the complex mechanism through which IPC elicits this protection is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the genomic response induced by IPC in muscle biopsies taken from the operative leg of total knee arthroplasty patients in order to gain insight into the IPC mechanism.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Twenty patients, undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty, were randomly assigned to IPC (n = 10) and control (n = 10) groups. Patients in the IPC group received ischaemic preconditioning immediately prior to surgery. IPC was induced by three five-minute cycles of tourniquet insufflation interrupted by five-minute cycles of reperfusion. A muscle biopsy was taken from the operative knee of control and IPC-treated patients at the onset of surgery and, again, at one hour into surgery. The gene expression profile of muscle biopsies was determined using the Affymetrix Human U113 2.0 microarray system and validated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Measurements of C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR), white cell count (WCC), cytokines and haemoglobin were also made pre- and post-operatively.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Microarray analysis revealed a significant increase in the expression of important oxidative stress defence genes, immediate early response genes and mitochondrial genes. Upregulation of pro-survival genes was also observed and correlated with a downregulation of pro-apoptotic gene expression. CRP, ESR, WCC, cytokine and haemoglobin levels were not significantly different between control and IPC patients.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The findings of this study suggest that IPC of the lower limb in total knee arthroplasty patients induces a protective genomic response, which results in increased expression of immediate early response genes, oxidative stress defence genes and pro-survival genes. These findings indicate that ischaemic preconditioning may be of potential benefit in knee arthroplasty and other musculoskeletal conditions.</p