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    Sero-epidemiology of transfusion-transmissible infectious diseases among blood donors in Osogbo, south-west Nigeria

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    Objetivo. Determinar la seroprevalencia de VIH en los donantes del banco de sangre del Hospital San Jer贸nimo de Monter铆a entre los a帽os 2017 al 2019. Materiales y m茅todos. Se realizo un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en donantes en el Banco Nacional De Sangre del Hospital San Jer贸nimo de Monter铆a durante los a帽os 2017-2019, 21.192 donantes fueron seleccionados bajo los criterios de la regulaci贸n vigente (resoluci贸n 901 de 1996). El an谩lisis de datos se realiz贸 en tres procesos b谩sicos: codificaci贸n, tabulaci贸n y construcci贸n de tablas y gr谩ficos. La t茅cnica utilizada para la verificaci贸n estad铆stica de los resultados fue mediante analizador estad铆stico. Resultados. La prevalencia de la infecci贸n por VIH result贸 en decrecimiento en comparaci贸n con cada uno de los tres a帽os consecutivos abarcados en el estudio. Durante el periodo 2017-2019, 26 personas resultaron reactivas a la prueba de tamizaje (reactividad 0,12%) de las cuales 19 fueron confirmadas VIH positivos (prevalencia 0,31%). El hallar una mayor prevalencia en mujeres, donantes de reposici贸n y personas de entre 31 a 40 a帽os de edad, residente en el municipio de Monter铆a constituye un hallazgo de inter茅s para la orientaci贸n de investigaciones anal铆ticas posteriores que confirmen las relaciones exploratorias detectadas en esta poblaci贸n. Conclusi贸n. La prevalencia de infecci贸n por VIH y reactividad encontradas son similares a las reportadas en estudios nacionales e internacionales. Es importante mantener los criterios de tamizaci贸n en los bancos de sangre ya que permite identificar donantes seropositivos asintom谩ticos.INTRODUCCI脫N ............................................................................................................91.MARCO TE脫RICO......................................................................................................121.1.S铆ndrome de la inmunodeficiencia humana adquirida y virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana..............................121.2. Transmisi贸n del VIH...................................................................................................121.3. Marco normativo................................................................................................161.4. Selecci贸n del donante....................................................................................181.5. Marcadores de VIH en banco de sangre.......................................................192.OBJETIVOS.....................................................................................................................232.1.Objetivo general....................................................................................................232.2.Objetivos especificos...............................................................................................233.METODOLOGIA...........................................................................................................233.1.脕rea de estudio.......................................................................................................233.2.Tipo de estudio.....................................................................................................243.3.Poblaci贸n de estudio..........................................................................................243.4.Variables.........................................................................................................................253.5.Aspectos 茅ticos.........................................................................................................253.6.Procesamiento de la informaci贸n........................................................................253.6.1 .An谩lisis de datos................................................................................................263.6.2.Presentaci贸n de los datos.............................................................................264.RESULTADOS...............................................................................................................264.1.Poblaci贸n donante.................................................................................................... 274.1.1. G茅nero y edad...................................................................................................274.2.Poblaci贸n VIH-positiva........................................................................................304.2.1.Edad y g茅nero........................................................................................................324.2.2.Estado civil..............................................................................................................354.2.3.Ocupaci贸n..............................................................................................................364.2.4.Entidad promotora de salud....................................................................374.2.5.Ciudad de residencia.....................................................................................394.2.6.Tipo de donante......................................................................................415.DISCUSION................................................................................................................426.CONCLUSIONES..................................................................................................467.RECOMENDACIONES..............................................................................................477.RECOMENDACIONES................................................................................................478.REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGR脕FICAS...................................................................489.ANEXOS........................................................................................................................54PregradoBacteri贸logo(a

    Comparative seroepidemiological surveillance of visceral leishmaniasis and its association with diabetes co-morbidity in Osun State, Nigeria

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    Visceral leishmaniasis is the most severe form of leishmaniasis and the second largest parasitic killer in the world after malaria. This sero-epidemiology surveillance was carried out to ascertain visceral leishmaniasis incidence in Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria. Methods A total of 272 volunteers from different towns of the State were enrolled for participation in this study. They were grouped viz.: Control, Diabetic, Diabetic Foot Ulcer in order to investigate the incidence of VL and the association of the disease co-morbidity with diabetes viz-a-viz implication on biochemical parameters of kidney (Urea and Creatinine) and liver (ALT and AST) functions. Using standard protocols of ELISA, Buffy coat and thin film techniques, VL was diagnosed for each volunteer. Results Following screening, the Buffy coat (least recommended) technique did not detect the Leishmania parasite (0%), whereas the thin film examination (sensitivity: 2.3%, specificity: 99.6%, negative predictive value: 84.1%, positive predictive value: 50%) detected 2 (2.1%) while ELISA (the gold standard) detected 44 (16.2%) leishmaniasis cases among the participants. The results revealed statistically significant (p <0.05) decreased urea, increased creatinine, elevated ALT and AST levels in participants found to be infected with Leishmania species compared to those not infected. It is interesting to note that urea, creatinine, ALT and AST levels of participants having a co-morbidity of VL-diabetes and VL-diabetic foot ulcer did not change significantly compared to the Leishmania-infected participants without diabetes or the foot ulcer. Conclusions These findings indicate that Leishmania infection is the singular factor that perturbs the kidney and liver enzymes considered in this study. Therefore VL does not show association with diabetes or diabetic foot ulcer co-morbidity in the population studied. There has not been any reported case of visceral leishmaniasis in Osun State prior to this study. It therefore suffices that the infectious disease has hitherto remained un- or mis-diagnosed. Keywords: Visceral leishmanisis, diabetes, diabetic foot ulcer, kidney function, liver function.Fil: Ajayi, Ebenezer Idowu O. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - C贸rdoba. Instituto de Investigaci贸n M茅dica Mercedes y Mart铆n Ferreyra. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Instituto de Investigaci贸n M茅dica Mercedes y Mart铆n Ferreyra; ArgentinaFil: Fadiya, Oluwadamilola Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - C贸rdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Biol贸gicas y Tecnol贸gicas. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, F铆sicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Biol贸gicas y Tecnol贸gicas; ArgentinaFil: Atanda, Joy Adeyemi. Osun State University; NigeriaFil: Muhibi, Musa Abidemi. Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital; NigeriaFil: Adeleke, M. A.. Osun State University; Nigeria23rd European Congress of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory MedicineBarcelonaEspa帽aInternational Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory MedicineEuropean Federation of Laboratory MedicineSpanish Society of Laboratory Medicin
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