The histopathological evaluation of effects of application of the bovine amniotic fluid with graft on peri-implant bone regeneration

This study aimed to determine the effects of bovine amniotic fluid combined with bone graft in treating peri-implant bone defects with guided bone regeneration. Twenty female Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into two groups. Bone sockets with a diameter of 4 mm in the coronal part and a diameter of 2.5 mm in the apical part of the implant were created into the corticocancellous bone in the metaphyseal parts of the right tibia bones of all subjects. Implants with a length of 4 mm and a diameter of 2.5 mm were placed in the bone sockets. In the sham surgery group (n = 10) was the circumferential bone defect equivalent to half of the 4-mm implant length, which occurred between the implant and the bone, filled with bovine xenograft. Bovine xenografts were filled with amniotic fluid mixture in the experimental group (n = 10). After 8 weeks of recovery, all rats were sacrificed. The implants were extracted from the soft tissues and the surrounding bone. Subsequently, the bones were decalcified and prepared for histological analysis. The percentage of newly regenerated bone (NRB) formation and fibrosis in the bone defect area around the implant was calculated from all sections. NRB was found in 37.4±4.4% of controls and 41.4±2.63% of test animals (P<0.05 and P=0.024, respectively). Fibrosis formation was found at a rate of 38.6±5.06% in the control group and 33.2±5.38% in the test group (P<0.05 and P=0.033, respectively). It was considered that combining bovine amniotic fluid with bone transplant could be a useful way of treating bone abnormalities

In Vivo Effects of Nanotechnologically Synthesized and Characterized Fluoridated Strontium Apatite Nanoparticles in the Surgical Treatment of Endodontic Bone Lesions

In this study, fluoridated strontium apatite (SAP) nanoparticles with different mole percentages (5%, 10%, 30%, and 50%) synthesized using a hydrothermal method were used as biomaterials. The in vivo biocompatibility of the synthesized nanoparticles was investigated by embedding them as biomaterials in bone defects created in rat tibiae. Through the hematoxylin-eosin staining method, a histopathological analysis was performed for new bone formation, osteoblast density, and fibrotic tissue formation. Fluorine (F) addition affected the structural and morphological properties of the nanoparticles. With the F doping, the shapes of the nanoparticles changed from nano-rods to almost spherical. The Sr/P ratios, with a stoichiometric value of 1.67, were 1.76, 1.53, 1.54, 1.68, and 1.79 in pure, 5%, 10%, 30%, and 50% F-doped nanoparticles, respectively. The F/Sr ratios of 5%, 10%, 30%, and 50% F-doped nanoparticles were 0.05, 0.13, 0.16, and 0.20, respectively. The highest values in terms of fibrotic tissue formation were obtained in the group containing pure SAP. The best results in terms of new bone formation and osteoblast density in bone defects were observed in the groups with higher F ratios (30% and 50% F-doped). Pure and F-doped strontium apatite nanoparticles showed good results for new bone formation and osteoblast levels compared to the control group. It was observed that an increase in the fluorine ratio resulted in better bone healing. The results showed that pure and F-doped SAP nanoparticles synthesized by a hydrothermal method can be used as biomaterials in orthopedics and dentistry, especially in the surgical treatment of endodontic lesions