Methyl 2-(but-3-en­yl)-4-hy­droxy-1,1-dioxo-2H-1λ6,2-benzothia­zine-3-carboxyl­ate

In the title compound, C14H15NO5S, the thia­zine ring adopts a sofa conformation and an intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond forms an S(6) ring. In the crystal, molecules are linked viaC—H⋯O inter­actions

4-(4-Methoxy­phen­yl)piperazin-1-ium chloride

In the title compound, C11H17N2O+·Cl−, the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the basal plane of piperazine ring is 39.20 (8)°. In the crystal, intermolecular N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds occur. There is also a C—H⋯π inter­action between the benzene rings

A projected finite element update method for inverse identification of material constitutive parameters in transversely isotropic laminates

In this paper, a novel application of Finite Element Update Method (FEUM) is proposed for the inverse identification of material constitutive parameters in transversely isotropic laminates. Two-dimensional Digital Image Correlation (2D–DIC) is used for full-field measurements which is required for the identification process. Instead of measuring the in-plane displacements, which is a well-known application of 2D–DIC, we seek to measure the pseudo-displacements resulting from out-of-plane (towards camera) deflection of plate under a point load. These pseudo-displacements are basically the perspective projection of the three dimensional displacement fields on the image-plane of the image acquisition system. The cost function in this method is defined in terms of these projections instead of the true displacements – and hence the name Projected Finite Element Update Method (PFEUM). In this article, identification of in-plane elastic moduli of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) plate has been performed using plate bending experiments which show pre-dominantly out-of-plane deflection with little contribution from the in-plane displacements. Identification results are validated by direct experimental measurements of the unknown elastic constants as well as theoretical estimates based on volume ratio of constituents. The results show good conformance between estimated and target values for at least three material parameters namely E1, E2 and G12. Effects of experimental noise on parameter estimates has also been evaluated to explain the observed deviation in estimated parameters with current test configuration

A study of quadratic Diophantine fuzzy sets with structural properties and their application in face mask detection during COVID-19

During the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying face masks with artificial intelligence was a crucial challenge for decision support systems. To address this challenge, we propose a quadratic Diophantine fuzzy decision-making model to rank artificial intelligence techniques for detecting masks, aiming to prevent the global spread of the disease. Our paper introduces the innovative concept of quadratic Diophantine fuzzy sets (QDFSs), which are advanced tools for modeling the uncertainty inherent in a given phenomenon. We investigate the structural properties of QDFSs and demonstrate that they generalize various fuzzy sets. In addition, we introduce essential algebraic operations, set-theoretical operations, and aggregation operators. Finally, we present a numerical case study that applies our proposed algorithms to select a unique face mask detection method and evaluate the effectiveness of our techniques. Our findings demonstrate the viability of our mask identification methodology during the COVID-19 outbreak

An Unbiased Lipid Phenotyping Approach To Study the Genetic Determinants of Lipids and Their Association with Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors.

Direct infusion high-resolution mass spectrometry (DIHRMS) is a novel, high-throughput approach to rapidly and accurately profile hundreds of lipids in human serum without prior chromatography, facilitating in-depth lipid phenotyping for large epidemiological studies to reveal the detailed associations of individual lipids with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. Intact lipid profiling by DIHRMS was performed on 5662 serum samples from healthy participants in the Pakistan Risk of Myocardial Infarction Study (PROMIS). We developed a novel semi-targeted peak-picking algorithm to detect mass-to-charge ratios in positive and negative ionization modes. We analyzed lipid partial correlations, assessed the association of lipid principal components with established CHD risk factors and genetic variants, and examined differences between lipids for a common genetic polymorphism. The DIHRMS method provided information on 360 lipids (including fatty acyls, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and sterol lipids), with a median coefficient of variation of 11.6% (range: 5.4-51.9). The lipids were highly correlated and exhibited a range of associations with clinical chemistry biomarkers and lifestyle factors. This platform can provide many novel insights into the effects of physiology and lifestyle on lipid metabolism, genetic determinants of lipids, and the relationship between individual lipids and CHD risk factors

Reducing the Risk of Gastric Cancer Through Proper Nutrition – A Meta-Analysis

Abstract— Data Sources: Articles for this paper were sourced from PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Data Extraction: Human studies published in English from 2015 to 2021 were included. Two reviewers initially assessed abstracts of 958 papers and 192 papers were selected for future assessments. After a full review, 38 articles were selected. Results: Dietary salt is a high-risk factor for Gastric Cancer (GC) while red meat and a high-fat diet increase the risk. Alcohol intake is only a risk if consumed heavily. Conclusion: Dairy foods, vitamin C, smoked food, rich food, and Helicobacter pylori are included in the etiology of GC. So are fresh fruits, vegetables, and specific refined grains. Salt, fats, spicy foods, alcohol, red meat, and pepper increase the risk. Knowing cancer patients' nutrition problems would help intervention measures be taken to remedy the situation

Methyl 4-hydroxy-1,1-dioxo-2-(2-phenylethyl)-2H-1λ6,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxylate

In the title compound, C18H17NO5S, the thiazine ring adopts a half-chair conformation and the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 79.41 (6)°. An intramolecular O—H...O hydrogen bond generates an S(6) ring. In the crystal, molecules are linked by weak C—H...O interactions resulting in infinite sheets along the b and c axes

Complex Linear Diophantine Fuzzy Sets over AG-Groupoids with Applications in Civil Engineering

Intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFS), Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PFS), and q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFS) are among those concepts which are widely used in real-world applications. However, these theories have their own limitations in terms of membership and non-membership functions, as they cannot be obtained from the whole unit plane. To overcome these restrictions, we developed the concept of a complex linear Diophantine fuzzy set (CLDFS) by generalizing the notion of a linear Diophantine fuzzy set (LDFS). This concept can be applied to real-world decision-making problems involving complex uncertain information. The main motivation behind this paper is to study the applications of CLDFS in a non-associative algebraic structure (AG-groupoid), which has received less attention as compared to associative structures. We characterize a strongly regular AG-groupoid in terms of newly developed CLDF-score left (right) ideals and CLDF-score (0,2)-ideals. Finally, we construct a novel approach to decision-making problems based on the proposed CLDF-score ideals, and some practical examples from civil engineering are considered to demonstrate the flexibility and clarity of the initiated CLDF-score ideals

The Decision-Making Analysis on End-of-Life Vehicle Recycling and Remanufacturing under Extended Producer Responsibility Policy

This research develops a dual-cycle ELV recycling and remanufacturing system to better understand and improve the efficiency of the ELV recycling and remanufacturing businesses. For the flawless operation of this system, the researchers employed evolutionary game theory to establish a game model between original vehicle manufacturers (OVMs) and third-party recyclers with the government involved. This research presents evolutionary stable strategies (ESS) that could promote an ELV recycling and remanufacturing system. Results show that OVMs’ expected profit difference between choosing and not choosing authorization is crucial in their ESS. The licensing fee plays a part of OVMs’ expected profit difference. Based on the results, optimal ESS could be achieved when the OVMs’ expected profit difference between choosing authorization and not choosing authorization and the third-party recyclers’ profit when paying the licensing fee are both positive. Then, the two groups’ involvement in dual-cycle ELV recycling and the remanufacturing system can be ensured. This research implicates the government to devise appropriate reward and punishment strategy to encourage OVMs and third-party recyclers to collaborate for efficient recycling and remanufacturing systems. Particularly, the government is suggested to impose strict restrictions on OVMs to carry ELV recycling and provide support to promote recycling quantity standards. Hence, the ELV recycling and remanufacturing system would be strengthened, thus improving waste management which is crucial for both environmental and resource efficiency

Ethnobotanical study of Jahangir abad, District Mardan

The traditional utilization of medicinal plants in healthcare performs and providing indication to new areas of research and hence its importance is now well recognized. However, information on the uses of indigenous plants for medicine is not well documented from many rural areas of Pakistan including district Mardan. The present studies were aimed to explore the ethnomedicinal profile and conservation status of threatened flora of Jahangir abad. The study area is located in the district Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, contains more than 90 species directly used by local communities. Of these plants, 51 are wild plants, 23 cultivated vegetable crops and 16 are important medicinal and economically important trees. Menta longifolia, Calotropis procera, Solanum surretense, Allium sativum and Melia azedarach had multipurpose medicinal uses. Different pathological effect and pitiless collection of medicinal plants in the area has threatened the survival of some essential and valuable medicinal plants like Dalbergia sissoo and Tamarix indica in the area of Jahangir abad