A SON Solution for Sleeping Cell Detection Using Low-Dimensional Embedding of MDT Measurements

Automatic detection of cells which are in outage has been identified as one of the key use cases for Self Organizing Networks (SON) for emerging and future generations of cellular systems. A special case of cell outage, referred to as Sleeping Cell (SC) remains particularly challenging to detect in state of the art SON because in this case cell goes into outage or may perform poorly without triggering an alarm for Operation and Maintenance (O&M) entity. Consequently, no SON compensation function can be launched unless SC situation is detected via drive tests or through complaints registered by the affected customers. In this paper, we present a novel solution to address this problem that makes use of minimization of drive test (MDT) measurements recently standardized by 3GPP and NGMN. To overcome the processing complexity challenge, the MDT measurements are projected to a low-dimensional space using multidimensional scaling method. Then we apply state of the art k-nearest neighbor and local outlier factor based anomaly detection models together with pre-processed MDT measurements to profile the network behaviour and to detect SC. Our numerical results show that our proposed solution can automate the SC detection process with 93 accuracy

Effect of High Dose Ginger on Plasma Testosterone and Leutinising Hormone Levels in Male Rats after Lead Induced Toxicity

To study the effect of high doseginger on plasma testosterone and leutinisinghormone levels in male rats after lead inducedtoxicityMethods: In this quasi experimental study, 30adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided in twoequal groups. Group A was given 0.3% lead acetatein drinking water and kept as lead control while theGroup B was given a dose of 1.5gm/kg body weightginger orally along with 0.3% lead for 42 consecutivedays. Rats were then sacrificed and serumtestosterone and LH levels were analyzed usingELISA technique. Data was expressed as mean±SD.P-values <0.05 were considered as statisticallysignificant.Results: At the end of 42 days, mean serumtestosterone level in Group A (control Group) was2.2667± 0.45617ng/ml as compared to Group B(Experimental Group) 2.2667 ± 0.45617ng/ml andshowed statistically insignificant change(p>0.05).Comparison of mean serum LH levels in Group A(5.3200 ± 0.72526ng/ml)revealed statisticallyinsignificant difference (p>0.05) as compared toGroup B (5.7467 ± 0.70190ng/ml).Conclusion: High dose ginger (>1gm/kg bodyweight) failed to enhance the suppressedtestosterone level due to lead toxicity in male rat

Designing an IT-Based System for Optimizing Lung Cancer Management

Digital health offers lung cancer patients to improve their health status while allowing patients, providers, and administrators to coordinate data and care at individual and community levels. While technology improvements provide lung cancer patients and healthcare providers with a valuable new tool for disease management, these are yet to be widely accepted. In particular, we aim to: (1) develop a Machine Learning (ML)-based framework for data collection from active online lung cancer forums and other parameters for patients, providers and their organizations, (2) build an AI-based model to develop a cancer ontology for exploring different factors and patients’ emotions associated to lung cancer management, (3) Design a mHealth app to set up a support system in terms of providing patients with information and social support, and ML models-based treatment recommendation system. The IT-based support system will provide the best and most specific treatment plan and recommendation system for lung cancer management

Thyroid disorders in Hepatitis C virus infected untreated patients

Background: To determine the association of thyroid disorders with chronic hepatitis C virus infection in patients who are not getting any antiviral treatment. Methods: Fifty patients without pre-existing thyroid abnormality having positive Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection (confirmed on PCR) and not willing for getting anti-viral treatment (interferon) were included in the study. Blood samples from 50 patients were collected at base line, 03 months, 06 months, 09 months and at 12 months. The level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid antibodies was measured in these samples. Results: Eleven patients (22%) developed thyroid disorder during the study period. Majority of the patients (73%) developed thyroid disorder on the basis of change in TSH level whereas 18% developed thyroid disorder on the basis of alteration in thyroid antibodies levels and 9% patients abnormality both in TSH levels and change in thyroid antibody titre. Conclusion: A close association of thyroid disorder and chronic HCV infection is noted in the study population

Effectiveness of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy for Weight Loss in Morbid Obese Patients

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for weight loss in morbidly obese patients at Capital Hospital, Islamabad. Methodology: This descriptive case series study was done at Capital Hospital, CDA, Islamabad during a period of one-year from February 2019 to January 2020. All the patients with a body mass index of 35 or greater, with or without comorbidities, aged 18 to 65 years of either gender were included. All the patients underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for weight loss. At the 1st, third, and 6th month’s follow-up, postoperative weight loss was noted. Effectiveness was taken in terms of > 10% weight loss maintained at 6 months.  Results: The overall study participants' average age was 57±9.77 years, and females were in the majority (62%). Overall, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy was effective in 85% of patients and was not effective in 15% of patients. The average BMI was 37.31 kg/m2. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy showed effectiveness in 57 (85%) patients, while 10 (15%) of the patients' weight was not lost. Effectiveness was statistically insignificant according to age, gender, and comorbidities, p-values were quite insignificant (>0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy was observed to be an effective technique for weight loss in morbid obese patients. It did decrease the morbidities and improve the quality of life

SELF-EFFICACY AND SPORTS: PERCEPTION OF PUNJAB UNIVERSITY ATHLETES

Self-efficacy is a person's judgment about being able to perform a particular task. It's a student’s belief on his/her capabilities to perform a particular activity. It is not necessary that if a person has a high self-efficacy in a certain area then he will have the same in other. Self-efficacy varies from person to person or task to task. Self-efficacy theory originated from social cognitive theory of Albert Bandura(1995), i.e. "The belief in one’scompetencies to execute the courses of action required to manageprobablecircumstances".It can also be said that it is the belief of a person that he can perform in a certain manner to achieve a certain goal. These beliefs are factors of how people think, behave and feel (Bandura, 1994).