Smartphones In Journalism

Nowadays the smartphone is an inalienable attribute of the journalist. Journalists use it as a supplement to professional equipment or as a substitute. It depends on the quality of the smartphone and the scope of the work of the journalist. If a journalist works in print media or online media, he can completely refuse the use of professional techniques, because modern smartphones have good built-in voice recorders and a camera that can help record an interview and make a photo of the hero of the material. For online and radio journalists, the smartphone is usually a complement to professional equipment. Special video and audio applications on smartphones help journalists quickly assemble the material and send it to the editor.Smartphones also allow journalists to broadcast live broadcasts from current affairs and be indispensable during journalistic investigations, where the use of professional techniques is impossible. This research analyzed journalistic materials in Ukrainian online media, where a smartphone was used to create journalist material, and also interviewed Ukrainian journalists to find out what features and applications of a smartphone they use for their professional activities. find out what features and applications of a smartphone they use for their professional activities

Nitric oxide-mediated effects of L-ornithine-L-aspartate in acute toxic liver injury

This study was aimed to investigate nitric oxide-dependent mechanisms of L-ornithine-L-aspartate (LOLA) action in acute toxic liver injury in rats. Acute hepatitis was induced in Wistar rats using 50% oil solution of tetrachloromethane (CCl4) intragastrically (2 g/kg) twice in a 24 hour interval. Intraperitoneal treatment with LOLA (200 mg/kg) was started 6 hours after the second CCl4 administration and maintained for 3 consecutive days. L-Nω-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) was used intraperitoneally (10 mg/kg). In CCl4-induced hepatitis, LOLA restores the structure of hepatocytes and prevents aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase elevation. It decreases total bilirubin concentration but does not affect increased cholesterol level. LOLA augments urea concentration, total protein level in blood and liver as well as serum and liver content of nitrite anions. LOLA enhances activity of catalase, glutathione S-transferase, manganese superoxide dismutase, increases reduced glutathione level and total antioxidant capacity and decreases thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level. The concomitant use of L-NAME inhibits the action of LOLA to enhance nitrite anions synthesis both in serum and liver, to delay the recovery of hepatocytes, to counteract LOLA effect against blood total protein reduction, to prevent the decline in aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase,, gamma-glutamyl transferase and glutathione S-transferase activity and to reduce catalase activity and reduced glutathione level. Therefore, in CCl4-induced hepatitis, LOLA effectively prevents cytolysis and cholestasis, improves liver metabolism and protects against oxidative stress. Partially, these changes occur in nitric oxide-mediated mechanism since the use of L-NAME declines most of LOLA effects

Nitric oxide-mediated effects of L-ornithine-L-aspartate in acute toxic liver injury

This study was aimed to investigate nitric oxide-dependent mechanisms of L-ornithine-L-aspartate (LOLA) action in acute toxic liver injury in rats. Acute hepatitis was induced in Wistar rats using 50% oil solution of tetrachloromethane (CCl4) intragastrically (2 g/kg) twice in a 24 hour interval. Intraperitoneal treatment with LOLA (200 mg/kg) was started 6 hours after the second CCl4 administration and maintained for 3 consecutive days. L-Nω-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) was used intraperitoneally (10 mg/kg). In CCl4-induced hepatitis, LOLA restores the structure of hepatocytes and prevents aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase elevation. It decreases total bilirubin concentration but does not affect increased cholesterol level. LOLA augments urea concentration, total protein level in blood and liver as well as serum and liver content of nitrite anions. LOLA enhances activity of catalase, glutathione S-transferase, manganese superoxide dismutase, increases reduced glutathione level and total antioxidant capacity and decreases thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level. The concomitant use of L-NAME inhibits the action of LOLA to enhance nitrite anions synthesis both in serum and liver, to delay the recovery of hepatocytes, to counteract LOLA effect against blood total protein reduction, to prevent the decline in aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase,, gamma-glutamyl transferase and glutathione S-transferase activity and to reduce catalase activity and reduced glutathione level. Therefore, in CCl4-induced hepatitis, LOLA effectively prevents cytolysis and cholestasis, improves liver metabolism and protects against oxidative stress. Partially, these changes occur in nitric oxide-mediated mechanism since the use of L-NAME declines most of LOLA effects

Trust in scientists and their role in society across 67 countries

Scientific information is crucial for evidence-based decision-making. Public trust in science can help decision-makers act based on the best available evidence, especially during crises such as climate change or the COVID-19 pandemic. However, in recent years the epistemic authority of science has been challenged, causing concerns about low public trust in scientists. Here we interrogated these concerns with a pre-registered 67-country survey of 71,417 respondents on all inhabited continents and find that in most countries, a majority of the public trust scientists and think that scientists should be more engaged in policymaking. We further show that there is a discrepancy between the public’s perceived and desired priorities of scientific research. Moreover, we find variations between and within countries, which we explain with individual-and country-level variables,including political orientation. While these results do not show widespread lack of trust in scientists, we cannot discount the concern that lack of trust in scientists by even a small minority may affect considerations of scientific evidence in policymaking. These findings have implications for scientists and policymakers seeking to maintain and increase trust in scientists

Trust in scientists and their role in society across 67 countries

Scientific information is crucial for evidence-based decision-making. Public trust in science can help decision-makers act based on the best available evidence, especially during crises such as climate change or the COVID-19 pandemic. However, in recent years the epistemic authority of science has been challenged, causing concerns about low public trust in scientists. Here we interrogated these concerns with a pre-registered 67-country survey of 71,417 respondents on all inhabited continents and find that in most countries, a majority of the public trust scientists and think that scientists should be more engaged in policymaking. We further show that there is a discrepancy between the public’s perceived and desired priorities of scientific research. Moreover, we find variations between and within countries, which we explain with individual-and country-level variables,including political orientation. While these results do not show widespread lack of trust in scientists, we cannot discount the concern that lack of trust in scientists by even a small minority may affect considerations of scientific evidence in policymaking. These findings have implications for scientists and policymakers seeking to maintain and increase trust in scientists