IMMIGRATION AND DISCRIMINATION IN A FORMER EMIGRANT COUNTRY: THE CASE OF SPAIN

This article analyses the immigrant-native wage differentials in Spain, which only recently has become a host country. The paper exploits the Earnings Structure Survey 2006, which is the first nationally representative sample of both foreign and Spanish employees. Using the Machado-Mata econometric procedure, wage differentials between locals and foreigners are decomposed into the gap related to characteristics and the one due to different returns on endowments (i.e., discrimination). We find that, in absolute terms, the latter component grows across wage distribution, reflecting the existence of a kind of glass ceiling consistent with the evidence of over-education found by previous research.Immigration, Wage differentials, Spain, Quantile regression

A Welfare Analysis of Spectrum Allocation Policies

Analysis of spectrum allocation policies in the economics literature focuses on competitive bidding for wireless licenses. Auctions generating high bids, as in Germany and the UK, are identified as "successful," while those producing lower receipts, as in Switzerland and the Netherlands, are deemed "fiascoes." Yet, even full and costless extraction of license rents does not map directly to social welfare, because spectrum policies creating rents impose social costs. For example, rules favoring monopoly market structure predictably increase license values, but reduce welfare. This paper attempts to shift analytical focus to the relationship between spectrum policy (including license auctions) and efficiency in output markets. In cross-country comparisons of performance metrics in mobile telephone service markets, empirical estimates suggest that countries that auction licenses do not achieve lower prices or higher levels of output than other nations. Rather, countries allocating greater bandwidth to licensed operators and achieving more competitive market structures realize demonstrable social welfare benefits. These gains generally dominate efficiencies associated with license sales. Policies to increase auction revenues, such as reservation prices and subsidies for weak bidders, should be evaluated in this light.

La compresi?n lectora a trav?s del uso de las tecnolog?as de la informaci?n

105 p. Recurso Electr?nicoLa presente investigaci?n la comprensi?n lectora a trav?s del uso de las tecnolog?as de la informaci?n y la comunicaci?n trabaja la comprensi?n lectora a trav?s del uso de las tecnolog?as de la informaci?n y la comunicaci?n, esta tiene como objetivo mejorar los niveles de comprensi?n lectora a trav?s del uso de las Tic en los estudiantes de grado S?ptimo de la Instituci?n Educativa T?cnica Agropecuaria Mariano Melendro de la Ciudad de Ibagu?. Para ello la poblaci?n tomada fueron los estudiantes de grado s?ptimo del a?o en curso y la muestra se dio por medio de tres (3) distribuciones. Se utiliz? una metodolog?a de enfoque mixto compuesto por las estrategias cualitativas tales como observaciones y rejillas, a nivel cuantitativo se aplicaron, sistematizaron y graficaron resultados de los instrumentos aplicados. El tipo de dise?o metodol?gico fue experimental. Los instrumentos empleados fueron: una encuesta, mediante la cual se indag? sobre el acceso, uso y conectividad que tienen los estudiantes en relaci?n a las tic. Tambi?n se realiz? una prueba diagn?stica que permiti? establecer las principales dificultades que poseen los estudiantes en relaci?n a la comprensi?n lectora, seguido a esto se determin? los niveles de comprensi?n lectora en los que se encontraban. Posterior a esto, se desarroll? una estrategia did?ctica que consisti? en el dise?o y aplicaci?n de cinco (5) gu?as did?cticas tanto digitales y f?sicas en donde se abordaron tem?ticas diferentes. Al finalizar este proceso se aplic? la prueba final escrita en donde se evalu? los niveles de comprensi?n lectora; esto permiti? evidenciar si realmente se mejoraron los niveles de comprensi?n lectora en estos estudiantes objeto de la muestra. Como resultados se hall? que la aplicaci?n de las gu?as did?cticas virtuales mejor? el nivel de comprensi?n lectora en comparaci?n a los dem?s grupos. De lo cual se puede concluir que el uso de las tic en ambientes educativos favorecen el desarrollo de competencias siempre y cuando se cuente con la intervenci?n del docente.The present research work tic understand reading comprehension through the use of information and communications technology, it aims to improve reading comprehension levels through the use of ICT in the seventh grade students of the institution Technical Agricultural Education Mariano Melendro City Ibague. For this population it was taken seventh graders this year and the sample is given by three (3) distributions. A methodology of mixed approach composed of qualitative observations and strategies such as grids, quantitatively were applied, systematized and graphed results of the instruments used. The type of study design was experimental. The instruments used were: a survey, in which questions were asked about the access, use and connectivity that students have in relation to ICT. A diagnostic test that allowed establishing the main difficulties students have in relation to reading comprehension followed this reading comprehension levels where determined were also performed. Following this, a teaching strategy that included the design and implementation of five (5) both digital and physical tutorials where they addressed different topics developed. After this process the final written test in which the levels of reading comprehension was evaluated was applied; This really allowed to watch whether reading comprehension levels were enhanced in these students being sampled. As a result it was found that the application of virtual tutorials improved reading comprehension level compared to the other groups. From which we can conclude that the use of ICT in educational settings favor the development of skills as long as they count with the participation of teachers. Keywords: Students, Information Technology and Communication (ICT), textual interpretation, teaching guides, teacher

Named Entity WordNet

This paper presents the automatic extension of Princeton WordNet with Named Entities (NEs). This new resource is called Named Entity WordNet. Our method maps the noun is-a hierarchy of WordNet to Wikipedia categories, identifies the NEs present in the latter and extracts different information from them such as written variants, definitions, etc. This information is inserted into a NE repository. A module that converts from this generic repository to the WordNet specific format has been developed. The paper explores different aspects of our methodology such as the treatment of polysemous terms, the identification of hyponyms within the Wikipedia categorization system, the identification of Wikipedia articles which are NEs and the design of a NE repository compliant with the LMF ISO standard. So far, this procedure enriches WordNet with 310,742 NEs and 381,043 ?instance of? relations

Dise?o e implementaci?n del mundo caim?n del videojuego jaguares, que da a conocer la morfolog?a, uso y significado de la cer?mica de los ancestros del Tolima.

98 p. Recurso Electr?nicoDurante d?cadas, el Museo Antropol?gico de la Universidad del Tolima y el grupo GRAPA (Grupo de Investigaci?n en Arqueolog?a y Patrimonio Regional) han realizado investigaciones arqueol?gicas a lo largo del territorio tolimense, logrando hallazgos f?siles de animales y vegetales, adem?s de elementos cer?micos que datan desde 10.000 a.C. hasta la conquista y colonia espa?ola. Sin embargo, las nuevas generaciones se muestran indiferentes ante los conocimientos obtenidos. Este proyecto busca crear un videojuego para ense?ar de manera novedosa, a ni?os con edades entre ocho a catorce a?os sobre las cer?micas tolimenses. Se implementa sobre Unity v5.5.1f1, aplicando la metodolog?a de desarrollo ?gil SUM que se adapta para la creaci?n de videojuegos utilizando roles de SCRUM, e incorpora seis fases consecutivas que son: concepto, planificaci?n, elaboraci?n, beta, cierre y gesti?n de riesgos que se realiza de manera continua durante la ejecuci?n del desarrollo. Durante la fase de concepto se realiza una investigaci?n amplia sobre la cer?mica tolimense, que posteriormente sirve como insumo para crear una propuesta detallada y s?lida en la etapa de planificaci?n. En la fase de elaboraci?n se aplica la metodolog?a de Arquitectura Dirigida por Modelos (MDA) orientada a la elaboraci?n de videojuegos. Esta fase se realiza de manera iterativa y en conjunto con las pruebas Beta que permiten evaluar el cumplimiento de los objetivos planteados a medida que se avanza en el desarrollo. Por ?ltimo en la fase de cierre se generan los productos finales y se eval?an las lecciones aprendidas. Palabras claves: Unity, Videojuego 2D, Videojuego Educativo, Metodolog?a SUM, Museo Antropol?gico, Cer?mica tolimense.For decades, the Anthropological Museum of the University of Tolima and the group GRAPA (Research Group in Archeology and Regional Heritage) have carried out archaeological research throughout the territory of Tolima, finding fossil of animals and plants, as well as ceramic elements dating back to from 10,000 BC until the Spanish conquest and colony. However, the new generations are indifferent to the knowledge obtained. This project seeks to create a video game to teach in a novel way, to children aged between eight and fourteen years old, about the ceramics of Tolima. It is implemented on Unity v5.5.1f1, applying the agile development methodology SUM that is adapted for the creation of video games using SCRUM roles, and incorporates six consecutive phases that are: concept, planning, preparation, beta, closure and risk management that is done continuously during the execution of the development. During the concept phase, a comprehensive investigation is carried out on ceramic of Tolima, which later serves as an input to create a detailed and solid proposal in the planning stage. In the elaboration phase, the methodology of Model-Directed Architecture (MDA), oriented to the elaboration of videogames is applied. This phase is carried out iteratively and in conjunction with Beta tests that allow evaluating compliance with the objectives set as progress is made in development. Finally, in the closing phase, the final products are generated and the lessons learned are evaluated. Keywords: Unity, 2D Videogame, Educational Videogame, SUM Methodology, Anthropological Museum, Tolima?s Ceramics

La representaci?n esc?nica de obras literarias para desarrollar la comprensi?n lectora de ni?os de cuarto de primaria del Colegio Carlos Lozano y Lozano de Fusagasug? Cundinamarca

143 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEsta investigaci?n surge de la observaci?n realizada en la instituci?n Carlos lozano y lozano ubicado en el municipio de Fusagasug? Cundinamarca en el grado cuarto a partir de las falencias encontradas sobre la comprensi?n lectora, en cuanto a las dificultades para reconocer lo impl?cito del texto, ya que solamente se identifica lo expl?cito sin interiorizar el sentido que el autor le quiere dar a su escrito. El objetivo de este trabajo fue Fortalecer mediante la representaci?n esc?nica de obras literarias la compresi?n lectora para crear h?bitos de lectura que permitieron generar en los estudiantes sus propios escritos para luego ser representados. Para ello se tuvo en cuenta investigaciones realizadas donde se aplic? la estrategia did?ctica del teatro para fortalecer la competencia comunicativa, las habilidades de oralidad, las inteligencias m?ltiples de manera din?mica y l?dica que permiten desarrollar el inter?s y la motivaci?n en el proceso de ense?anza aprendizaje. La investigaci?n se fundament? en te?ricos como Loaiza (2011), Pavis (1983), Moreno (1993), sol? (1992), Ni?o (1985), Ferreiro y Teberosky (1991), Vygotsky (1997), Piaget (1952) y Ausubel (1983), que con sus estudios de la comprensi?n lectora, la lectura, la escritura y el teatro permitieron el desarrollo metodol?gico y el an?lisis de resultado al sustentar los procesos l?gicos- secuenciales de esta propuesta. Para el proceso metodol?gico se realizaron ocho talleres divididos en cuatro fases sensibilizaci?n, conocimientos previos, profundizaci?n y transferencia. Desde el enfoque significativo y el IAP, mediante su aplicaci?n se logr? mejorar la comprensi?n lectora por medio de la representaci?n de obras literarias.This research arises of the observation developed in the Carlos Lozano and Lozano institution located in the municipality of Fusagasuga Cundinamarca in the fourth degree due to failures found in reading comprehension, as to the difficulties to recognize the implicit of the text, since only the explicit is identified without internalizing the meaning that the author wants to give to his writing. The objective of this project was to strengthen reading comprehension through of scenic representation of literary works to create habits of reading that allowed to the students to generate their own writings for then be represented. For that took into account researches where the didactic strategy of the theater was applied to strengthen communicative competence, orality skills, multiple intelligences in a dynamic and playful way that allow to develop interest and motivation in the teaching-learning process. The research was based in theoreticians as Loaiza (2011), Pavis (1983), Moreno (1993), sol? (1992), Ni?o (1985), Ferreiro y Teberosky (1991), Vygotsky (1997), Piaget (1952) and Ausubel (1983), that with their studies of the reading comprehension, the reading, the writing and the theater allowed the methodological development and the analysis of results in supporting the logical-sequential processes of this proposal. For the methodological process, there were eight activities divided in four stages: sensitization, previous knowledge, deepening and transference. From the significant approach and the PAI, through its application it was possible to improve the reading comprehension through the representation of literary works. Keywords: Reading, reading comprehension, writing, theater, education

Diagn?stico de la situaci?n de convivencia escolar de la instituci?n educativa

138 P?ginasRecurso Electr?nicoEsta investigaci?n se realiza con el objeto de diagnosticar la situaci?n de convivencia escolar en la instituci?n educativa colegio de San Sim?n teniendo en cuenta las particularidades del clima escolar y de las caracter?sticas familiares, sociales, econ?micas y culturales externas que inciden en las relaciones interpersonales del grado sexto. El estudio se realiz? a partir de tres dimensiones que afectan la convivencia escolar. La primera son las caracter?sticas propias del estudiante y la disposici?n que tienen para vivir en sociedad bajo condiciones de respeto, solidaridad, tolerancia e inclusi?n. La segunda dimensi?n tiene que ver con las condiciones particulares de la instituci?n educativa y los aspectos relacionados con las situaciones sucedidas al interior del colegio, agresiones f?sicas, verbales, ofensas, golpes, pelea, armas, robos, vandalismos e incidentes de tipo sexual. Por ?ltimo, el entorno familiar y de barrio en donde se incluyen los amigos y situaciones de riesgo presentes, pandillas, alcohol y drogas e incidentes de ida y vuelta al colegio. Siguiendo ?ste an?lisis, se presentan los resultados de la investigaci?n, iniciando con la estructura y caracterizaci?n de la poblaci?n de estudio. Se contin?a con las circunstancias que podr?an afectar el clima escolar y que se encuentran relacionadas con el colegio, finalmente se exponen los factores asociados al entorno de barrio que inciden directamente en la convivencia escolar.ABSTRACT. The study was conducted from three dimensions affect school life. The first are the characteristics of the student and the willingness they have to live in society under conditions of respect, solidarity, tolerance and inclusion. The second dimension has to do with the particular conditions of the educational stablishment and aspects events situations within the school, physical aggression, verbal insults, beatings, fights, weapons, theft, vandalism and incidents of a sexual nature. Finally, the family and neighborhood environment where friends and present risk situations, gangs, alcohol and drugs, incidents and from the school are included. In order to identify the risk of occurrence of the most common conditions affecting school life , from the particularities of the school climate and family , economic and external cultural characteristics that affect relationships sixth grade. Following this analysis, the results of the research are presented, starting with the structure and characterization of the study population. It continues with the circumstances that could affect school climate and that are related to school factors associated finally exposed to neighborhood environment that directly affect school life.INTRODUCCI?N 14 1. PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA 19 2. JUSTIFICACI?N 22 2.1 PREGUNTAS DE INVESTIGACION 24 3. OBJETIVOS 25 3.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL 25 3.2 OBJETIVOS ESPEC?FICOS 25 4. MARCO DE REFERENCIA 26 4.1 CONVIVENCIA 26 4.2 CONVIVENCIA ESCOLAR 28 4.3 CLIMA ESCOLAR 30 4.3.1 Violencia y conflicto escolar 31 4.4 FACTORES DE RIESGO DE CONVIVENCIA 35 4.5 FACTORES DE RIESGO PERSONAL 37 4.6 FACTOR DE RIESGO FAMILIAR 39 4.7 FACTORES DE RIESGOS DE CONTEXTO 41 4.8 CONDUCTAS QUE AFECTAN LA CONVIVENCIA ESCOLAR. 46 4.9 LOS VALORES Y LAS NORMAS 48 4.10 MARCO LEGAL 51 5. DISE?O METODOL?GICO 57 5.1 CARACTER?STICAS GENERALES DE LA INVESTIGACI?N 57 5.2 POBLACI?N Y MUESTRA 57 5.3 TAMA?O DE LA MUESTRA 58 5.3.1 Composici?n de estudiantes por grados, jornada ma?ana y tarde 58 5.4 INSTRUMENTOS 59 6. RESULTADOS 62 6.1 OFENSAS Y GOLPES EN EL COLEGIO 62 6.1.2 Peleas en el colegio. 68 6.1.3 Porte de armas de fuego. 70 6.1.4 Robos y vandalismo en el colegio. 72 6.1.5 Agresiones repetidas en el colegio. 73 6.1.6 Incidentes de tipo sexual en el colegio. 75 6.1.7 Armas de fuego 78 6.1.8 Armas en el colegio 79 6.1.9 Incidentes en el camino de Ida o vuelta de tu Colegio. 81 6.1.10 Entornos 85 6.1.11 Pandillas 92 6.1.12 Alcohol y drogas 96 6.1.13 Seguridad y confianza 102 6.1.14 Actitudes y competencias 104 6.1.15 Actitudes y competencias 105 6.1.16 Entorno familiar 116 7. CONCLUSIONES 119 7.1 ESTRATEGIAS 123 7.1.1 Estrategias para prevenir el conflicto y la violencia escolar 123 7.2 APORTES CONCEPTUALES 126 7.2.1 Riesgo de convivencia. 127 7.2.2 Factor de riesgo de convivencia 127 7.2.3 Factor de riesgo personal 127 7.2.4 Factor de riesgo interno 127 7.2.5 Factor de riesgo externo 128 7.2.5.1 Valoraci?n de riesgo 128 7.2.5.2 Mapa de factores de riesgo 128 RECOMENDACIONES 129 REFERENCIAS 13

Multiagent System Applied to the Modeling and Simulation of Pedestrian Traffic in Counterflow

An agent-based model to simulate a pedestrian crowd in a corridor is presented. Pedestrian crowd models are valuable tools to gain insight into the behavior of human crowds in both, everyday and crisis situations. The main contribution of this work is the definition of a pedestrian crowd model by applying ideas from the field of the kinetic theory of living systems on the one hand, and ideas from the field of computational agents on the other hand. Such combination supported a quantitative characterization of the performance of our agents, a neglected issue in agent-based models, through well-known kinetic parameters. Fundamental diagrams of flow and activity are presented for both, groups of homogeneous pedestrians, and groups of heterogeneous pedestrians in terms of their willingness to reach their goals.Agent-Based Modeling, Pedestrian Crowd, Activity Measurement

?Factores asociados al tiempo de atenci?n de pacientes con diagn?stico de infarto agudo de miocardio con elevaci?n del ST sometidos a terapia de reperfusi?n en dos instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud con unidad de hemodinamia, en la ciudad de Ibagu? durante el periodo 2016-2017?

112 p. Recurso Electr?nicoIntroducci?n: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa de muerte a nivel mundial y su manejo se orienta al diagn?stico precoz e instauraci?n temprana de la terapia de reperfusi?n farmacol?gica y mec?nica, principalmente en los pacientes con IAMSEST en quienes se demostr? beneficio en la supervivencia a trav?s de medidas que transforman la organizaci?n del sistema de salud con ?nfasis en la atenci?n prehospitalaria y disponibilidad 24/7 del equipo de hemodinamia. Objetivo: Analizar los factores asociados al tiempo de atenci?n de pacientes con IAMCEST sometidos a terapia de reperfusi?n en dos instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud con unidad de hemodinamia, en la ciudad de Ibagu? de 2016-2017. Metodolog?a: Se realiz? un estudio anal?tico, corte longitudinal retrospectivo de tiempo al evento. La poblaci?n fueron 2755 instituciones. Utilizando un formato propio de recolecci?n se seleccionaron 126 casos y se analizaron sus condiciones sociodemogr?ficas y cl?nicas. Para el an?lisis de los tiempos puerta-EKG, puerta-aguja y puerta-bal?n, fueron incluidos 49 casos que ingresaron a trav?s del servicio de urgencias. Resultados: El promedio de edad fue de 63 a?os. El 71.4% fueron hombres y 26.8% mujeres. 92.9% resid?a en el ?rea urbana, los municipios de remisi?n con mayor proporci?n de pacientes fueron Espinal y Honda. La mayor?a pertenec?an al r?gimen contributivo (50.8%). 12.7% de los pacientes ten?an antecedente de enfermedad coronaria. Las comorbilidades analizadas fueron HTA (59.5%), dislipidemia (32.5), DM- 2 (21.4%) y ERC (2.4%). Ning?n paciente recibi? atenci?n prehospitalaria. El 53,1% se le realizo arteriograf?a coronaria, el 46,9% recibi? tanto terapia farmacol?gica como mec?nica. La mediana del tiempo puerta valoraci?n m?dica inicial fue 30 minutos, solo en el 35% de los casos se realiz? el electrocardiograma en menor de 10 minutos. Todos los pacientes recibieron terapia antiisquemica y se realizo toma de biomarcadores. La mediana del tiempo puerta aguja fue de 72 minutos, los menores de 60 a?os, hombres y los afiliados al r?gimen contributivo recibieron terapia m?s tempranamente. La mediana del tiempo puerta bal?n fue de 26 horas, los mayores de 60 a?os y la poblaci?n hipertensa fue reperfundida en menor tiempo. Las dos terapias de reperfusion se realizaron de manera m?s temprana cuando la unidad de hemodinamia se encontraba disponible. Conclusiones: Si bien es necesario que se realicen m?s estudios al respecto para conocer las estad?sticas de atenci?n de IAMCEST en Latinoam?rica, los datos reportados fueron similares a otras tendencias encontradas para esta poblaci?n. El 80% de los pacientes consult? a?n en per?odo de ventana para trombolisis. La edad, presentaci?n cl?nica del dolor y sexo influyeron en el tiempo de consulta. La meta del tiempo puerta ? EKG menor a 10 minutos fue cumplida en el 35% de los casos, se encontr? relaci?n entre este tiempo y el sexo, edad y clasificaci?n de triage. El 39% de los pacientes recibi? fibrin?lisis en un per?odo menor a 60 minutos y solo el 6,1% de los pacientes fue llevado a ICP en un tiempo de 90 minutos. Estas dos variables presentaron un mejor comportamiento cuando se encontraba disponible la unidad de hemodinamia en la instituci?n. Palabras clave: Infarto de miocardio con elevaci?n de ST, intervenci?n coronaria percut?nea, trombolisis, tiempo de atenci?n.Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the first cause of death worldwide. As a result, the ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) management has been directed to the early diagnosis and coronary reperfusion, undergoing either pharmaceutical (door to needle time less than 60 minutes) or mechanical treatments (door to balloon time less than 90 minutes). In addition, the development of chest pain intensive care units, pre- hospital strategies and 24/7 hemodynamic services available showed the improvement in surveillance and prognosis in this group. Objective: Analyse the factors related to the time from symptom onset to coronary reperfusion in patients with diagnosis of STEMI who were attended in two clinical centres with hemodynamic services in Ibague, between 2016-2017. Methods: A Longitudinal retrospective study of analysis of Time-to-Event data was conducted. From 2016 to 2017 a total of 2755 cardiac catheterism were realized. Using an own collecting instrument, 126 patients were chosen with the diagnosis of STEMI furthermore, their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were analysed. Door-to- ECG, door-to-needle and door-to-balloon times were measured only in 49 patients who were first attended in the emergency service of the clinical centres. Results: The average age was 63 years old. 71,4% of patients were male and 26,8% were female. 92,9% of patients lived in urban area. The clinical centres of major patient transference were Espinal and Honda. The comorbidities studied were previous coronary disease (12.7%), hypercholesterolemia (32.5%), DM-2 (21.4%) and chronic renal disease (2.4%). There was not a pre-hospital system stablished. 46,9% of patients received both pharmacological and mechanical therapy while 53,1% only underwent mechanical reperfusion. The mean door to first medical contact time was 30 minutes. In 35% of cases an ECG was performed in the first 10 minutes. All patients were given anti-ischemic therapy and were blooded for biochemical samples. Door to needle mean time was 72 minutes and door to balloon was 26 hours. Conclusions: Our results were similar to the ones reported in other Latin-American populations, however it is necessary to perform more investigations about the topic. 80% of patients attended the ER within thrombolysis time window. The variables like age, clinical manifestations and sex were related with the time from symptoms onset to consult. In only 35% of the cases the goal door-to-ECG time less than 10 minutes was achieved, this time was related with sex, age and triage classification. Door-to-needle time less than 30 minutes was reached in 39% of patients and door-to-balloon time less than 90 minutes was successful in 6,1% of cases. There were minor delays during day-time, when hemodynamic service was available. Keywords: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, coronary percutaneous intervention, thrombolysis, reperfusion time

Toward a Test Environment for Autonomous Controllers

In the last two decades, an increasing attention has been dedicated on the use of high level task planning in robotic control, aiming to deploy advanced robotics systems in challenging scenarios where a high autonomy degree is required. Nevertheless, an interesting open problem in the literature is the lack of a well defined methodology for approaching the design of deliberative systems and for fairly comparing different approaches to deliberation. This paper presents the general idea of an environment for facilitating knowledge engineering for autonomy and in particular to facilitate accurate experiments on planning and execution systems for robotics. It discusses features of the On-Ground Autonomy Test Environment (OGATE), a general testbench for interfacing deliberative modules. In particular we present features of an initial instance of such system built to support the GOAC robotic software