Backpropagation Artificial Neural Network To Detect Hyperthermic Seizures In Rats

A three-layered feed-forward back-propagation Artificial Neural Network was used to classify the seizure episodes in rats. Seizure patterns were induced by subjecting anesthetized rats to a Biological Oxygen Demand incubator at 45-47ºC for 30 to 60 minutes. Selected fast Fourier transform data of one second epochs of electroencephalogram were used to train and test the network for the classification of seizure and normal patterns. The results indicate that the present network with the architecture of 40-12-1 (input-hidden-output nodes) agrees with manual scoring of seizure and normal patterns with a high recognition rate of 98.6%

Emission Norms using Bharat Stage VI for Two Wheeler

Emission Standard of India was conveyed in 1991 has reached today to directly switch to BS VI from BS IV norms. This decision to bound fuel standards has brought about to disorder oil and auto Industry. What are the challenged faced by these organizations for this evolution based on technical understanding is conversed in this paper. For S.I engines machineries that are expected to be commercialized that will help automobiles to fulfill the BS VI norms are illuminated. Machinery up gradation, its validation and adjustment of this technology by customers are some of the major issues faced by the auto sector. Reduction of time line, collection of proper technology for decontaminating, refurbishing of the current units and parallely spreading of two forms of oil are the major encounters faced by the oil refineries

Survey on Power Intersegment Control Strategy of Multilevel Invertor for Grid System

Among the issues of accurate power distribution, stability improvement, and harmonic suppression in micro-grid, each has been well studied as an individual, and most of the strategies about these issues aim at one inverter-based micro-grid, hence there is a need to establish a model to achieve these functions as a whole, aiming at a multi-inverter-based micro-grid. This paper proposes a comprehensive strategy which achieves this goal successfully; since the output voltage and frequency of micro-grid all consist of fundamental and harmonic components, the strategy contains two parts accordingly. On one hand, a fundamental control strategy is proposed upon the conventional droop control. Finally, small signal analysis can be used to analyze the stability of the multi-converter parallel system after introducing the whole control strategy.&nbsp

An Application of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for Landslide Hazard Mapping, Susceptibility and Early Warning System: A Review

An Application of ANN for Landslide Early Warning System in Darjeeling hill regio

Partial purification and biochemical characterization of acid phosphatase from germinated mung bean (Vigna radiata) seeds

Mung bean (Vigna radiata) is one of the important crops of the North Eastern Region of India. In the present study, acid phosphatase enzyme was isolated and partially purified from germinated local mung bean seeds. The sequential partial purification process was performed using ammonium sulphate precipitation method. The crude enzyme having a specific activity of 0.50 U/mg was purified using 30 to 70% ammonium sulphate precipitation method. The acid phosphatase was purified by 2.6 fold with a yield of 58.9% and specific activity of 1.3 U/mg. One prominent band was obtained on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophresis (SDS-PAGE) which confirmed the purity of the enzyme. Molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated as 34.5 kDa. The enzyme activity was measured at different incubation time, pH, temperature and substrate concentration. The activity increased slowly from 10 to 70 min of incubation. The maximum activity was obtained at 70 min, thereafter the activity decreased gradually. The enzyme was found to be active over a wide range of temperature (30 to 80°C) and maximum activity was observed at 70°C. The optimal pH value of the enzyme activity was found to be 5.2. There was a corresponding increase in the rate of reaction with the increase in the substrate concentration from 0.1 to 0.8 mM and a linear relationship was obtained at 2 to 8 mM. Both Km and Vmax value were calculated as 0.416 mM and 1.33 µmoles/min, respectively.Key words: Acid phosphatase, mung bean, Vigna radiata, enzyme purification, enzyme characterization

International Journal of Advances in Engineering Research NEW REGIME FOR THE SYNCHRONIZATION OF TIMINGS IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

ABSTRAC

Formulation and Evaluation of Bilayer Tablet by Wet Granulation

ABSTRACT: The objective of this present study was to design bilayer tablet of two different drugs for separate release, evaluation of the same and comparison dry granulation formulation with minor changes in components. Both layer of bilayer tablets comprised control release. In wet granulation different type and amount of polymer were used for each layer. The formulated bilayer tablets were evaluated for pre compression as well as post compression parameters including invitro_dissolution_study were carried out. The results showed that wet granulation of formulated bilayer tablet carried out with different polymers viz. Gum acacia, Guar gum, Acrypol -971, HPMC_ K100M, eudragit_RSPO was carried out and based on its release retarding properties. Based on drug release and release kinetics study final formulation was selected that was further analysed for stability study. The accelerated stability study for 6 month showed affirmative result

Higher incidence of persistent chronic infection of Chlamydia pneumoniae among coronary artery disease patients in India is a cause of concern

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>There is growing evidence that <it>Chlamydia pneumoniae </it>may be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, as several studies have demonstrated the presence of the organism in atherosclerotic lesions. <it>C. pneumoniae </it>infections, which are especially persistent infections, have been difficult to diagnose either by serological methods or isolation of the organism from the tissue. Nucleic Acid Amplification tests (NAATs) has emerged as an important method for detecting <it>C. pneumoniae</it>. Inspite of high prevalence of <it>C. pneumoniae </it>specific antibodies in coronary heart disease patients, direct detection of <it>C. pneumoniae </it>in circulating blood of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients by sensitive nucleic acid amplification tests nested PCR (nPCR), multiplex PCR (mPCR) has not been carried out is required. Further correlation of the presence of <it>C. pneumoniae </it>in blood of CAD patients with <it>C. pneumoniae </it>specific IgA and IgG antibodies, which may indicative of the status of infection with the progression of atherosclerosis. This will help in order to prepare strategies for the antibiotic intervention to avoid the progression towards CAD.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Venous blood was obtained from 91 CAD patients and 46 healthy controls. Nucleic acid amplification tests <it>viz</it>. nested -, semi-nested – and multiplex PCR were used for detection of <it>C. pneumoniae</it>. ELISA carried out prevalence of <it>C. pneumoniae </it>specific IgG and IgA antibodies.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>29.67% (27/91) patients were positive for <it>C. pneumoniae </it>using nested PCR. The sensitivity and specificity of semi-nested and multiplex PCR were 37.03%, 96.96% and 22.22%, 100% with respect to nested PCR. Positive nPCR patients were compared with presence of <it>C. pneumoniae </it>specific IgA, IgA+IgG and IgG antibodies. Among 27 (29.67%) nPCR <it>C. pneumoniae </it>positive CAD patients, 11(12%) were IgA positive, 13(14.2%) were IgA+IgG positive and only1 (1.1%) was IgG positive. A significant presence of <it>C. pneumoniae </it>was detected in heavy smokers, non-alcoholics and with family histories of diabetes and blood pressure group of CAD patients by nPCR.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The results indicate synergistic association of <it>C. pneumoniae </it>infection and development of CAD with other risk factors. We also detected increased positivity for <it>C. pneumoniae </it>IgA than IgG in nPCR positive CAD patients. Positive nPCR findings in conjunction with persisting high <it>C. pneumoniae </it>specific antibody strongly suggest an ongoing infection.</p

Evaluation of Two Models for Human Topoisomerase I Interaction with dsDNA and Camptothecin Derivatives

Human topoisomerase I (Top1) relaxes supercoiled DNA during cell division. Camptothecin stabilizes Top1/dsDNA covalent complexes which ultimately results in cell death, and this makes Top1 an anti-cancer target. There are two current models for how camptothecin and derivatives bind to Top1/dsDNA covalent complexes (Staker, et al., 2002, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99: 15387–15392; and Laco, et al., 2004, Bioorg Med Chem 12: 5225–5235). The interaction energies between bound camptothecin, and derivatives, and Top1/dsDNA in the two models were calculated. The published structure-activity-relationships for camptothecin and derivatives correlated with the interaction energies for camptothecin and derivatives in the Laco et al. model, however, this was not the case for several camptothecin derivatives in the Stacker et al. model. By defining the binding orientation of camptothecin and derivatives in the Top1/dsDNA active-site these results allow for the rational design of potentially more efficacious camptothecin derivatives

Endothelial dysfunction in obese non-hypertensive children without evidence of sleep disordered breathing

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Endothelial dysfunction is a complication of both obesity and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), the latter being highly prevalent among obese children. It is unknown whether obesity causes endothelial dysfunction in children in the absence of OSAS. This study examines endothelial function in obese and non-obese children without OSAS.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Pre-pubertal non-hypertensive children were recruited. Endothelial function was assessed in a morning fasted state, using a modified hyperemic test involving cuff-induced occlusion of the radial and ulnar arteries. The absence of OSAS was confirmed by overnight polysomnography. Anthropometry was also performed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>55 obese children (mean age 8.6 ± 1.4 years, mean BMI z-score: 2.3 ± 0.3) were compared to 50 non-obese children (mean age 8.0 ± 1.6 years, mean BMI z-score 0.3 ± 0.9). Significant delays to peak capillary reperfusion after occlusion release occurred in obese compared to non-obese children (45.3 ± 21.9 sec <it>vs</it>. 31.5 ± 14.1 sec, p < 0.01), but no differences in the magnitude of hyperemia emerged. Time to peak reperfusion and percentage of body fat were positively correlated (r = 0.365, p < 0.01).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our findings confirm that endothelial dysfunction occurs early in life in obese children, even in the absence of OSAS. Thus, mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction in pediatric obesity are operational in the absence of sleep-disordered breathing.</p