A comparative study of justice from the viewpoint of Shahid Motahhari and aristotle

Introduction:The concept of justice is one of the fundamental principles of development, human evolution and civilization. The purpose of this research is the comparative study of justice from the perspective of Shahid Motahhari and Aristotle. Method:This research method was used in this study Library and data collection was done through taking note from the reference books, articles and valid manuscripts. Discussion:The results showed that Aristotle, as a great Western philosopher and Shahid Motahhari as an Islamic thinker and philosopher, both regard justice as one of the central virtues; Aristotle defines justice, the final good of humans, as the soul's activity in accordance with virtue and regards it as "average" in opposed to going to extremes. In Aristotle's view, justice is a complete virtue. In Motahhari's view, justice has a spiritual and ideal face and is not subject to the taste or desire of human beings. In this approach, justice is defined and achieved in the strict conformity with the objective "right"; it is expressed as observance of an individual or object's entitlement. In the religious and Islamic view, it cannot be reduced to the satisfaction, desirability, or social contract which constitutes the epistemological basis of liberal justice". Conclusion:Understanding the concept of justice by Aristotle as the "average" is rather conceptual and, in practice, its application is complicated and sometimes impossible; in Motahhari's view, justice is objective and a criterion that must become practically a norm. His view of justice in terms of objectivity and practicability is more useful. © 2020, Hampstead Psychological Associates. All rights reserved

Comparison religious attitudes and aggressiveness in the satellite users and normal

In recent years is one of the factors on various aspects of life of the population, growth and technological progress and the people of them in different ways. One of the most important of these factors is satellites and satellite programs. The present method of this study is descriptive study ex post facto. Population of the study all of satellite users and normal people were city of Ilam. For study 100 patients (50 user of satellite and 50 normal subjects) as available for example in the study participated. To collect data of religiosity of muslims measures questionnaire and aggressiveness of Ahvaz was used. Data t-test for independent groups and using statistical software SPSS were analyzed. Results showed that the total score of religious attitudes and its dimensions (beliefs, experimental results and ceremonial) in satellite user groups and normal there is a significant difference. Also results showed that aggressiveness of satellite user groups and normal also there is a significant difference in such a way that the average of aggressiveness in the of satellite users more than ordinary people. According to the results of this study, experts and activists in the field of health should be the role of new technologies, cultural changes as well as the impact on adolescent risk behaviors the more they studied. © Medwell Journals, 2016

Examine the relationship between spiritual intelligence of employed mothers, teachers elementary with mental health of children aged 6-12 years in ILAM

Intelligence spiritual beliefs as the foundation for a major role in various fields especially in the promotion and protection of mental health. The research method according to the purpose descriptive is the correlation type. Population in this study mothers of elementary teacher city of ILAM and children (6 to 12 years) for them and a total of 100 teachers with children 6-12 years old, for example randomly-selected. In this study, the King Spiritual Intelligence tools (Rival et al) and child health (LANDGRAPH et al), the parents of 28 items was used. For data analysis descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and to test hypotheses of Pierson correlation, and multiple regression using the software SPSS version 22 was used. Results showed that mothers between spiritual intelligence and its components and mental health- social, physical and children 12-6 years ILAM there was a significant positive correlation. Also in order to predict physical health and psychosocial, children, mothers, according to spiritual intelligence and its components, the multiple linear regression method was used where the variables entered into the model the only variable expanded state of consciousness a significant proportion of the variance explained, the child's physical and psychosocial health. According to the results it can be said that spiritual intelligence mothers can child health have anticipated. Hence according to the training and upgrading of the components particularly the education of children in education is very important

SPIRITUAL UNDERSTANDING, SELF-ACTUALIZATION, AND QUALITY OF EDUCATION

Introduction: Spiritual intelligence is the ability to utilize and inculcate sources, spiritual values and qualities, self-actualization, movement, and the unceasing tendency towards internal unity and integrity. Method: the method of this research was descriptive-analytic and correlational. The statistical population consisted of all students who studied in 2015 at Ilam University, Faculty of Literature and Humanities (200 students from the undergraduate degree). Multi-stage cluster random sampling was used. The data collection tools were Ahwaz self-actualization questionnaires, King's spiritual understanding, and a researcher-made test of the quality of education. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, Pearson correlation test, and regression. Results: The results showed that self-esteem and educational quality have a positive correlation with spiritual perception, and the results of regression also showed that these two variables are good predictors of spiritual understanding. Conclusion: The results indicated that self-efficacy variables and quality of education have a decisive role in the spiritual understanding of students

The Impact of Spiritual Care Education on Anxiety in Family Caregivers of Patients with Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) has been emerging as a general health problem over recent decades. Spiritual care is a type of support service provided to patients suffering from HF. Spiritual care intervention in nursing is a unique aspect of care, which cannot be replaced by psychosocial care. Considering the importance of anxiety for caregivers of patients with HF, the present study aimed to examine the effect of spiritual intervention on anxiety in caregivers of patients with HF in Ilam, Iran. This research is a semi-experimental study, 71 caregivers of patients with HF were randomly assigned to experimental group (n = 34) and control (n = 37) group. Beck Anxiety Inventory, which consisted of 21 items and scored based on a 4-point Likert scale ranging from zero to three, was employed to collect data. The scores range from zero to 63 with the higher scores indicating the higher level of anxiety. The experimental group received spiritual intervention over six 45-minute sessions in a period of 2 weeks (14 days; three times a week; every other day). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics run in the SPSS software version 16. The result showed a difference between the level of anxiety in two groups after the intervention (P = 0.001). Anxiety level in the experimental group three weeks after intervention (27.88 +/- 7.10) was significant in comparison with before intervention (45.06 +/- 5.79) (P = 0.001). According to the results, the spiritual intervention reduced the anxiety level in the caregivers of patients with HF. Nurses are recommended to provide such necessary training to caregivers in order to provide the grounds for reducing their anxiety

The Effect of Appropriate Treatment Package for the Elderly on the Abuse of Rural Elderly Families in Eyvan City

Background and Aim: Elderly abuse is one of the forms of domestic violence that affects the health, safety and quality of life of the elderly. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of appropriate training package on appropriate treatment of the elderly on family abuse of rural elderly in Ivan city in 1398. Materials and Methods: This was an experimental study of pre-test-post-test with a control group. 92 elderly people living in the villages of Ivan city were selected by stepwise cluster sampling method. The research tool was a questionnaire on elder abuse. An appropriate treatment package for the elderly was provided to 46 family members in the experimental group during 8 weeks. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and McNemar, paired and independent t-tests and analysis of covariance in SPSS-22 software. Significance level was considered 0.05. Results: There was no physical abuse or rejection. The mean scores of elder abuses in the experimental group before and after the intervention had a significant decrease in the dimensions of emotional neglect, psychological abuse (p=0.001) and care neglect (p= 0.01). The mean scores of elder abuses in the experimental and control groups after the intervention had a significant decrease in the dimensions of emotional negligence (p=0.001) and financial negligence (p= 0.01). Conclusion: Providing an educational package for appropriate treatment of the elderly was effective in reducing some aspects of family abuse with rural elderly. It is recommended to use the mentioned educational package to change the behavior of elderly family members

Translation and psychometrics of instrument of professional attitude for student nurses (IPASN) scale

Background: Achieving professional identity is one of the research priorities, and considering the importance of professional attitude among student nurses, it is necessary to identify a scale that is able to measure their achievement in professional attitude. Objectives: The present study was conducted with the aim of translation and psychometrics of instrument of professional attitude for student nurses (IPASN) scale. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the translation and psychometrics of “instrument of professional attitude for student nurses scale” was performed based on the model of Wild et al. The third to eighth semester nursing students of Ilam University of Medical Sciences comprised the research population who were 300 students. After translation and retranslation, the editorial comments of the scale designer were applied. Then, content validity, face validity, confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability of the Persian version were calculated. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 and EQS6.1. Results: The confirmatory factor analysis of the 28-item scale with its 8 sub-scales was confirmed by deleting the statement 7 and moving the items 10, 15, and 18. The reliability of the internal consistency was calculated to be α = 0.89 for the total scale, and (0.89), (0.45), (0.67), (0.69), (0.69), (0.73), (0.70), and (0.93) for the sub-scales, respectively. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was r = 0.79 for test-retest reliability (P < 0.005). Conclusions: This study shows that the modified Persian version of the instrument of professional attitude for student nurses scale with 27 statements is valid and reliable, and can be used to assess the nursing students towards their professional life. © 2020, Author(s)

OBSERVING PROFESSIONAL ETHICS, TREATMENT TEAM AND LIFE EXPECTANCY AMONG CANCER PATIENTS

Introduction: Professional ethics has turned into a special issue for many years. Physicians, nurses, medical staff, etc. are the most important individuals that their adherence to professional ethics not only increases their occupational health but it can also be considered as a therapy infrastructure. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The population included 100 cancer patients of Emam Reza and Taleqani hospitals of Kermanshah. The level of trust of patients in physicians and the medical staff was assessed with the Wake-Forest questionnaire. This questionnaire was evaluated by 3 faculty members of Tehran and Ilam medical sciences universities and content validity was analyzed. Results: The trust level of patients in physicians is more than their trust level in medical staff. The questionnaire had high reliability. The mean score of patients trust in physicians was 26.74 percent, while the mean score of patients trust in the medical staff was 22.52 percent. The data obtained from the questionnaire had a normal data distribution. A significant relationship was witnessed between some of the demographic variables and the score obtained from the questionnaire. Conclusion: The Wake-Forest questionnaire has high reliability to test trust level s in physicians and medical staff. The higher trust level meant more referring of cancer patients to the physicians. Thus, this questionnaire can be a highly important instrument in the evaluation of the professional ethics of physicians on specific patients