Psychosocial Impact of Lockdown Induced Setback on Education during Pandemic in India

Educational reforms occur from time to time to keep up the pace of changing trends. The new generations of kids are exposed to modern technology at a very younger age. They are well equipped with the novel usage of digital technology to aid in a better teaching-learning process. Pandemic has invoked a lot of drastic changes in many sectors owing to changing norms and lockdown policies across the globe. In India also these lockdown policies were imposed as a measure to curtail the growing rate of infection. India is a country with a dense population with varied socio-cultural and economic differences. Closure of educational institutes adopted as a strategic measure to face the Pandemic lead to uncertainty among the stakeholders which had a huge impact on the psychosocial domain. The education sector took to the mode of digital learning by offering online classes to cater to the need of the students. Shutting down schools and educational institutes not only paralyzed the social contact a child develops on attending school but also increased the severity of screen time with absolute lack of physical activity among children. This chapter aims to explore the impact of the online mode of education and its psychosocial perspectives during the lockdown

Compromise and attraction effects under prevention and promotion focus

There is ample evidence that consumer preferences are context dependent. In particular, they are sensitive to the characteristics of the alternatives present in the choice set. The behavioral decision-making literature refers to the changes in share when another alternative is added to the choice set as 'context effects'. Two types of context effects, 'attraction' and 'compromise', are particularly important and have received considerable attention from decision researchers over the years. The attraction effect refers to the finding that adding an alternative which is inferior to another alternative in the choice set increases the share of the relatively superior alternative. The compromise effect, on the other hand, is observed when an alternative becomes more attractive when it is presented as a middle option in a choice set than when it is presented as an extreme option. Adopting a motivational approach to consumer decision-making, and building on regulatory focus theory, the present thesis hypothesizes that (1) consumers' susceptibility to the compromise effect is greater when the prevention system of self-regulation is activated than when the promotion system is activated; (2) consumers' susceptibility to the attraction effect is greater under promotion focus than under prevention focus; (3) consumers' need to justify their choices will increase their sensitivity to the compromise effect under prevention focus but will decrease it under promotion focus; (4) consumers' need to justify their choices will increase their sensitivity to the attraction effect under promotion focus but will decrease it under prevention focus; and (5) products that are associated with a prevention concern will be more attractive when positioned as compromise options than as asymmetrically dominant options, whereas the opposite is true for products that are associated with a promotion concern. Three experimental studies are conducted to test these hypotheses. The data are analyzed using hierarchical linear and non-linear modeling techniques. The results provide full support for hypotheses 1, 3, 4, and 5, and partial support for hypothesis 2. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed along with the study's limitations, and considerations for future research

A model of consumer preference for interpersonal information search

This study examines the effect of some potential influencers on consumers' preference for interpersonal information search. A model offering individual and situational predictors of consumer preference was tested using structural equation modeling. The individual variables included people's susceptibility to social influence, their need for cognition, and their self-confidence. The situational variables included respondents' product knowledge, and their perceived risk. A self-administered survey was distributed in English and French to a sample of respondents in the greater Montreal area. All three individual variables influenced significantly consumers' preference for interpersonal information search. As for the situational variables, only product knowledge had a significant effect on the dependent variable. The moderating effect of culture was also tested and yielded non-significant results suggesting that consumers' collectivistic orientation does not moderate the impact of the predictor variables on the dependent variable. The results also suggested that women have a higher preference for interpersonal sources than men and that income is negatively related to consumer preference for interpersonal information search

The direct and interactive effects of store-level promotions on impulse purchase: Moderating impact of category familiarity and normative influences

Marketing literature conceptually and empirically establishes the direct effects of different variables on impulse purchase. However, the simultaneous interactions between variables influencing impulse purchase are yet to be studied. This paper measures the direct effects of store-level promotions, brand equity, and price consciousness and also examines the interactive effects of store-level promotions and the moderating influence of category familiarity and normative influences. The results demonstrate the importance of simultaneous examination of interplay between different consumer and store-level variables. Collectively, the results provide substantial segmentation opportunities for manufacturers of branded goods and retailers. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Compromise and Attraction Effects under Prevention and Promotion Motivations

This article examines the influence of consumers’ motivational orientations on their susceptibilities to context effects. Prevention‐focused consumers were found to be more sensitive to the compromise effect and less sensitive to the attraction effect than promotion‐focused consumers. In addition, the effects of promotion and prevention motivations were amplified when consumers were asked to justify their choices. Finally, we found that products associated with a prevention concern are more attractive when presented as compromise than asymmetrically dominant options, whereas products associated with a promotion concern are more attractive when presented as asymmetrically dominant options than compromise options

A rare case of ectopic pregnancy: cornual pregnancy following salpingectomy

The implantation of a fertilized egg outside the uterine cavity is known as an ectopic pregnancy, and usually occurs in the fallopian tubes. Few cases, have been reported where implantation has occurred in atypical sites. We report the case of an ectopic pregnancy that occurred in the residual stump after salpingectomy. It seems that a pregnancy implanted in this location is very uncommon, making correct diagnosis difficult. This paper includes a brief description of the case, a review of the different diagnostic and therapeutic methods available to this day, and a brief review of the literature.

Paravalvular Leaks: From Diagnosis to Management

Paravalvular leaks (PVLs) are complications of a surgical or percutaneous valve replacement. They are persistent defects between the native annulus and the sewing ring, which result in a regurgitant prosthesis. They are observed in 2–18% of patients after a surgical valve replacement (SVR) and in 7–40% after a transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Clinical manifestations are heart failure and hemolysis. They develop in 1–5% of PVL patients, and they have a poor prognosis. Surgery was the only available treatment to improve the patient’s outcome. But it is a high-risk surgery in frail patients and PVL relapse is not rare. Percutaneous PVL closure has emerged as a promising technique. Nevertheless, it needs a careful assessment, demands high technical expertise, and still has limitations. This chapter focuses on the diagnosis of PVL after a SVR and transcatheter PVL closure (TPVL)

Primary extragastrointestinal stromal tumor of greater omentum misdiagnosed as an adnexal tumor: a case report

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most frequently occurring mesenchymal tumors in the gastrointestinal system. These tumors are believed to arise from interstitial cells of Cajal, the gastrointestinal pacemaker cells, due to the presence of tyrosine kinase receptors in their tissue. When tumors with similar morphological and immunohistochemical properties are found outside the gastrointestinal tract such as the mesentery, retroperitoneum, and every now and then the omentum, they are classified as extragastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGISTs). We report a case of a primary epithelioid (EGIST) of the greater omentum, the tumor was diagnosed in women with non-specific symptoms who presented for abdominal pain initially misdiagnosed as an adnexal tumor. This report highlights the need to consider EGIST in the differential diagnosis of abdominal and pelvic tumors and underscores the importance of EGIST-specific studies to evaluate treatment modalities for improved oncological outcomes and quality of life

A Distinctive Pattern of Diversity for the TAS2R38 Gene in North Africa

The TAS2R38 gene is involved in bitter taste perception. This study documents the distinctive diversity patterns in Northern Africa of functional SNPs rs713598 and rs1726866 at the TAS2R38 locus and places those patterns in the context of global TAS2R38 diversity. We analyzed data previously genotyped with Taqman Applied Biosystem for rs713598 and rs1726866 for 375 unrelated subjects (305 Tunisians from seven locations: Mahdia, Sousse, Kesra, Nebeur, Kairouan, Smar and Kerkennah plus 70 Libyans). Data were analyzed to present haplotypes and genotypes and were compared to the data from worldwide populations. We provide information about TAS2R38 diversity in a part of the world that is relatively under-studied. Considering respectively the two SNPs rs713598 and rs1726866, the (C-A) nucleotide haplotype leading to PV amino acid haplotype is extremely rare almost everywhere, but it is relatively frequent (between 6% and 10%) in Northern Africa where it does coexist with the globally common haplotypes (PA, AA and AV). Given its higher frequency in Northern Africa, we propose the (C-A) haplotype as a biogeographic marker for forensic purposes