226 research outputs found

    A posteriori analysis of the design and the maintenance of retention ponds in the Ile-de- France region

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    International audienceThis text presents the results of a one-day workshop on retention ponds in the "Villes nouvelles" in the Ile-de-France" region. 25 experts participated to this seminar which took place in March 2001. All the relevant technical and scientific disciplines involved in the design and the maintenance of retention ponds were represented. It appears that these ponds designed in the seventies are the signature of a typical urbanism. They contributed to organise the appropriation of the new urban areas by their inhabitants. Today the main related stakes deal with the development and the evolution of the multiple uses of these retention ponds

    URBAN RUNOFF IMPACT ON COMPOSITION AND CONCENTRATION OF HYDROCARBONS IN RIVER SEINE SUSPENDED SOLIDS

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    International audienceIt is now well established that hydrocarbons are recognised like hazardous compounds, especially polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) [Bomboi and Hernandez, 1991; Hermann R, 1981], Urban runoff is a non negligible source of hydrocarbon that may damage the quality of receiving river. In this report, we present the first results of a study of the impact of combined sewer overflows (CSOs), during summer 1995, on the distribution of n-alkanes (C11-C37 ) in theSeine river. Figure 1 shows the site of Chatou, where suspended solids (SS) were sampled just before and during a week period following the moderate CSO event of September 7, 1995

    Design and analysis of an urban retention pond database

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    8 pagesInternational audienceIn conjunction with the urban development in the Ile-de-France region numerous retention ponds were created in the seventies. Because of their number the knowledge concerning the behaviour of these ponds remains quite scarce and it is a weakness for their optimal management. This paper presents a database related to retention ponds in the Ile-de-France region, which gathers all the available data concerning their design, their behaviour in their catchment, their water quality and their maintenance. The objective of this database is precisely to improve their knowledge and to finally help in their management. Data from 55 ponds are presently included in the database. From these data it is possible to infer a high pollution retention potential of the ponds. Despite the heterogeneity of the monitoring strategies, significant relations between the water quality in the ponds and the occupation of the catchment were established.Lors de la création des villes nouvelles en région Ile de France dans les années 70, les bassins de retenue en eau ont été abondamment utilisés pour contrôler l'évacuation des eaux pluviales. Toutefois, en raison de leur nombre, la connaissance du comportement de ces bassins reste limitée, ce qui constitue une faiblesse pour leur gestion optimale. Ce texte présente une base de donnée relative à ces bassins en eau. Elle rassemble toutes les informations disponibles relatives à leur conception, leur fonctionnement, la qualité de leurs eaux et leur entretien. L'objectif de cette base de données est d'améliorer la connaissance de ces plans d'eau et ultérieurement d'aider à leur gestion. Les données de 55 bassins sont actuellement rentrées dans la base de données. A partir de ces données, on peut estimer un potentiel de dépollution élevé. Par ailleurs, des relations significatives entre la qualité des eaux et l'occupation du bassin versant ont été mises en évidence

    A method to calculate sediment fluxes from infrequent data: application to 65 rivers of the French river quality database

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    International audienceImproving knowledge of sediment exports represents one major challenge for environmental sciences considering their role in geochemical cycles and their link with Earth's surface processes. Because suspended sediment (SS) fluxes in rivers reflect the integration of combined erosion, transport and deposition processes that occur within the drained area, their calculation is thus essential in surface processes studies. Suspended sediment fluxes are estimated from discharge measurements and SS concentrations, either by averaging methods or by predicting sediment concentration values from continuous discharge data. In the latter case, a power function (or power law relation) is often defined between the observed SS concentrations and the corresponding discharge data. However it seems unrealistic to consider a single relation between SS concentrations and river discharges. The reason is hat sediment production processes are not homogeneous in time, showing local and seasonal effects for example in agricultural areas where land cover varies inside a year or in mountainous regions where snow melting has a strong influence. Moreover, these processes are also spatially heterogeneous, due to spatial patterns in landscape characteristics, meteorological phenomena and geomorphology. In addition, important gaps persist when calculating SS fluxes, mainly due to SS measurements are not always carried out with high frequency. Based on 65 river basins in France, with various sizes, geomorphologies and land uses, this study aims at testing methods for an estimation of annual sediment loads, based on infrequent SPM concentration data spanning over several decades

    Sondage urinaire intermittent (indications et prise en charge du malade)

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    CAEN-BU Médecine pharmacie (141182102) / SudocLYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Biodisponibilité des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques dans les écosystèmes aquatiques (influence de la matière organique naturelle et anthropique)

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    PARIS- AgroParisTech. Engref (751152303) / SudocMARNE LA VALLEE-ENPC-RECHERCHE (774682302) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Origine des exports de sédiments fluviatiles (prise en compte de l'hétérogénéité spatiale des versants)

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    Les exports de sédiments dans les rivières ont un rôle essentiel dans la dynamique des cycles biogéochimiques. Il est donc important de les quantifier et connaître leur origine. Cette étude vise à mieux comprendre le rôle de la variabilité spatiale des versants et des processus qui en découlent, dans la dynamique de ces exports. Pour cela une base de données a été construite pour les rivières françaises, combinant les débits (journaliers) et concentration en matières en suspension (mensuelles) depuis les années 1970, et les propriétés géographiques des bassins. Une équation est élaborée (IRCA) pour calculer les flux, et un bilan des exports de sédiments des fleuves Français est calculé, soulignant une forte disparité entre les bassins. Puis, une analyse spatiale est réalisée pour comprendre le lien entre les processus sur les versants et ce qui est observé dans les rivières. Une approche de modélisation semi-distribuée permet de définir des indicateurs de la connectivité des zones de production à la rivière et conduit à mieux décrire et comprendre les processus à l origine des exports de sédiments dans les rivières.PARIS-BIUSJ-Sci.Terre recherche (751052114) / SudocSudocFranceF
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