A Kerato-Epithelin (βig-h3) Mutation in Lattice Corneal Dystrophy Type IIIA

This report covers phase 2 of the IWMI-Tata Water Policy Research Program (ITP) for the period 2006-2010. The major areas of action: Research focusing on water sector issues concerning underprivileged communities and backward regions in the country; Idea-incubation for livelihoods enhancement efforts using water as a central input, supporting the Trust in their water sector partnerships; Dissemination and raising public awareness; Widening the network of research partners; Policy influencing

Pathological Complete Response in Patients With Resected Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma After Preoperative Chemotherapy

Importance: Preoperative chemo(radio)therapy is increasingly used in patients with localized pancreatic adenocarcinoma, leading to pathological complete response (pCR) in a small subset of patients. However, multicenter studies with in-depth data about pCR are lacking. Objective: To investigate the incidence, outcome, and risk factors of pCR after preoperative chemo(radio)therapy. Design, Setting, and Participants: This observational, international, multicenter cohort study assessed all consecutive patients with pathology-proven localized pancreatic adenocarcinoma who underwent resection after 2 or more cycles of chemotherapy (with or without radiotherapy) in 19 centers from 8 countries (January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2018). Data collection was performed from February 1, 2020, to April 30, 2022, and analyses from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023. Median follow-up was 19 months. Exposures: Preoperative chemotherapy (with or without radiotherapy) followed by resection. Main Outcomes and Measures: The incidence of pCR (defined as absence of vital tumor cells in the sampled pancreas specimen after resection), its association with OS from surgery, and factors associated with pCR. Factors associated with overall survival (OS) and pCR were investigated with Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression models, respectively. Results: Overall, 1758 patients (mean [SD] age, 64 [9] years; 879 [50.0%] male) were studied. The rate of pCR was 4.8% (n = 85), and pCR was associated with OS (hazard ratio, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.26-0.83). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 95%, 82%, and 63% in patients with pCR vs 80%, 46%, and 30% in patients without pCR, respectively (P &lt; .001). Factors associated with pCR included preoperative multiagent chemotherapy other than (m)FOLFIRINOX ([modified] leucovorin calcium [folinic acid], fluorouracil, irinotecan hydrochloride, and oxaliplatin) (odds ratio [OR], 0.48; 95% CI, 0.26-0.87), preoperative conventional radiotherapy (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.00-4.10), preoperative stereotactic body radiotherapy (OR, 8.91; 95% CI, 4.17-19.05), radiologic response (OR, 13.00; 95% CI, 7.02-24.08), and normal(ized) serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 after preoperative therapy (OR, 3.76; 95% CI, 1.79-7.89). Conclusions and Relevance: This international, retrospective cohort study found that pCR occurred in 4.8% of patients with resected localized pancreatic adenocarcinoma after preoperative chemo(radio)therapy. Although pCR does not reflect cure, it is associated with improved OS, with a doubled 5-year OS of 63% compared with 30% in patients without pCR. Factors associated with pCR related to preoperative chemo(radio)therapy regimens and anatomical and biological disease response features may have implications for treatment strategies that require validation in prospective studies because they may not universally apply to all patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.</p

Pathological Complete Response in Patients With Resected Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma After Preoperative Chemotherapy

Importance: Preoperative chemo(radio)therapy is increasingly used in patients with localized pancreatic adenocarcinoma, leading to pathological complete response (pCR) in a small subset of patients. However, multicenter studies with in-depth data about pCR are lacking. Objective: To investigate the incidence, outcome, and risk factors of pCR after preoperative chemo(radio)therapy. Design, Setting, and Participants: This observational, international, multicenter cohort study assessed all consecutive patients with pathology-proven localized pancreatic adenocarcinoma who underwent resection after 2 or more cycles of chemotherapy (with or without radiotherapy) in 19 centers from 8 countries (January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2018). Data collection was performed from February 1, 2020, to April 30, 2022, and analyses from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023. Median follow-up was 19 months. Exposures: Preoperative chemotherapy (with or without radiotherapy) followed by resection. Main Outcomes and Measures: The incidence of pCR (defined as absence of vital tumor cells in the sampled pancreas specimen after resection), its association with OS from surgery, and factors associated with pCR. Factors associated with overall survival (OS) and pCR were investigated with Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression models, respectively. Results: Overall, 1758 patients (mean [SD] age, 64 [9] years; 879 [50.0%] male) were studied. The rate of pCR was 4.8% (n = 85), and pCR was associated with OS (hazard ratio, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.26-0.83). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 95%, 82%, and 63% in patients with pCR vs 80%, 46%, and 30% in patients without pCR, respectively (P &lt; .001). Factors associated with pCR included preoperative multiagent chemotherapy other than (m)FOLFIRINOX ([modified] leucovorin calcium [folinic acid], fluorouracil, irinotecan hydrochloride, and oxaliplatin) (odds ratio [OR], 0.48; 95% CI, 0.26-0.87), preoperative conventional radiotherapy (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.00-4.10), preoperative stereotactic body radiotherapy (OR, 8.91; 95% CI, 4.17-19.05), radiologic response (OR, 13.00; 95% CI, 7.02-24.08), and normal(ized) serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 after preoperative therapy (OR, 3.76; 95% CI, 1.79-7.89). Conclusions and Relevance: This international, retrospective cohort study found that pCR occurred in 4.8% of patients with resected localized pancreatic adenocarcinoma after preoperative chemo(radio)therapy. Although pCR does not reflect cure, it is associated with improved OS, with a doubled 5-year OS of 63% compared with 30% in patients without pCR. Factors associated with pCR related to preoperative chemo(radio)therapy regimens and anatomical and biological disease response features may have implications for treatment strategies that require validation in prospective studies because they may not universally apply to all patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.</p

Retention and removal of Cs-137 in Japanese catfish (Silurus asotus) in dressing and cooking method

Japanese catfish contaminated by Cs-137 have been used to investigate how the dressingand cooking method after the removal of radioactivity from the fish. During the dressing, 6.0% of the initial Cs-137 activity was removed by washing the live fish,further 30.3% of the activity relative to washed fish was removed by discarding thenon-edible body parts (skeletons, fins, visceral mass,liver, kidney etc.) and washingthe chopped fish. Fish curry was cooked using various spices, green-stuffs and vegetable oil following a method commonly used in South East and East Asian countries.The cooking process removed a further 61.6% of the Cs-137 activity relative to theactivity in dressed fish. The cooked fish pieces retained an average, 38.5% of theradioactivity present in the dressed raw fish pieces. Among the ingredients, the gravywas found to contain an average of 34.8% of the activity of the dressed fish. The activity in green-stuffs was found to vary from 4.0% (in cauliflower) to 7.2% (in potato)

Uptake,Retention and Organ/tissue distribution of Cs-137 by Japanese Catfish

The work describes the uptake, retention/biological elimination and organ/tissue distribution of Cs-137 by Japanese Catfish (Silurus asotus Linnaeus) under laboratory conditions. The fishwere divided into three groups viz. large, medium and small based on their size and age andreared into the Cs-137 spiked water. The accumulated Cs-137 concentration in the whole bodyof the live fish was measured at certain intervals up to 60 days. A significant accumulationof Cs-137 was found but a steady state accumulation of the nuclide was not achieved by theend of the experiment. To determine the effective half-life of Cs-137 in the fish species, the contaminated fish weretransferred and reared into the non-contaminated host water. The concentration of the remainingCs-137 in the whole body of the live fish was measured up to 66 days. The average effective half-life of Cs-137 in the fish species was found to be -142 days for all size of fish.The uptake rate and retention capability of juvenile fish were found to be higher and therefore, more susceptible to Cs-137 than adult and old fish and could be an important sourceof Cs-137 in the human food chain. The distribution of Cs-137 in different organs/tissues ofthe fish were determined. Accumulation of Cs-137 in muscle/flesh of the fish was found to be-75% of whole body accumulation.International Conference on Isotopic and Nuclear Analytical Techniques for Health and Environmen

Retention and removal of 137-Cs in Japanese cat fish (Silurus asotus Linnaeus) in dressing and cooking method

Japanese catfish contaminated by 137-Cs has been used to investigate how the dressing and cooking method affect the removal of radioactivity from the fish. During the dressing, 6.0 % of the initial 137-Cs activity was removed by washing the live fish. Frther 30.3 % of the activity relative to washed fish was removed by discarding the non-edible body parts (skeletons, fins, visceral mass, liver, kidney etc.),chopping and washing the chopped fish. Fish curry was cooked using spices, green-stuffs and vegetable oil following a method commonly used in South East and East Asian countries. The cooking process removed further 61.6 % 137-Cs relative to the activity in dressed fish. During the cooking, the radioactivity removed from the fish pieces was found to distributed over the ingredients of the curry.International Symposium on Radioecology and Environmental Dosimetr