The Effects of the Density of Reinforcement on the Maladaptive Behaviors of a Child With Autism

The present study consists of two experiments that analyze the effects of high and low densities of reinforcemnt on the maladaptive behaviors of a 9 year old girl with autism. The first experiment investigates the isolated effects of density of reinforcement on the frequency of maladaptive behaviors during a motor imitation teaching task. High densities of reinforcement produced fewer occurrences of maladaptive behavior than low densities of reinforcement. Experiment 2 analyzes the effects of density of reinforcement during the same teaching tasks as in experiment 1 on maladaptive behavior, task accuracy, prompt resistance, and language. Maladaptive behavior did not recur during experiment 2. High density of reinforcement conditions during the second experiment showed a positive effect on the accuracy of responding and compliance with prompts

Black box delay fault models for non-scan sequential circuits

We presented nine new black box delay fault models for non-scan sequential circuits at the functional level, when the primary inputs and primary outputs are available only. We examined the suggested fault models in two stages. During the first stage of the experiment, we selected the best two fault models for further examination on the base of criterion proposed in the paper. During the second stage, we used the functional delay fault model and two black box delay fault models from the first stage for test selection. The comparison of fault coverages was carried out for transition faults. The obtained results demonstrate that transition fault coverages of tests selected based on proposed black box fault models are similar to coverages of tests selected based on functional delay fault model that uses the inner state of circuit

FTIR studies of the redox partner interaction in cytochrome P450: The Pdx-P450cam couple

Recently we have developed a new approach to study protein-protein interactions using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in combination with titration experiments and principal component analysis (FTIR-TPCA). In the present paper we review the FTIR-TPCA results obtained for the interaction between cytochrome P450 and the redox partner protein in two P450 systems, the Pseudomonas putida P450cam (CYP101) with putidaredoxin (P450cam-Pdx), and the Bacillus megaterium P450BM-3 (CYP102) heme domain with the FMN domain (P450BMP-FMND). Both P450 systems reveal similarities in the structural changes that occur upon redox partner complex formation. These involve an increase in beta- sheets and alpha-helix content, a decrease in the population of random coil /3(10)-helix structure, a redistribution of turn structures within the interacting proteins and changes in the protonation states or hydrogen-bonding of amino acid carboxylic side chains. We discuss in detail the P450cam-Pdx interaction in comparison with literature data and conclusions drawn from experiments obtained by other spectroscopic techniques. The results are also interpreted in the context of a 3D structural model of the Pdx-P450cam complex

Received () Revised () Accepted ()

The manufacturing test procedure of RAM-based FPGAs uses several configurations and the exhaustive testing of all configurable logic blocks (CLB). The exhaustive testing of all CLBs for the application-oriented configuration of FPGA is preferable, because in any case it is necessary to test all bits of the look-up table. Such an approach lets to neglect the inner structure of CLB and is able to detect all inner defects that could be detected by a single test pattern. The transformation of the circuit is applied during a test pattern generation. A multiplexer is added to every logic cell in such a way that it does not change a function of the circuit. The stuck-at faults are injected only on the data inputs of the multiplexer. Such an approach allows to use a classical gate level test pattern generator and ensures an exhaustive testing of every logic cell. The proposed approach was used to generate test sets for ISCAS85 benchmarks that were mapped into FPGA. We also conducted fault simulation experiments that show exhaustive test patterns are effective in detecting faults of different implementations of the same circuit

Justice needs in Indonesia 2014:Problems, processes and fairness

Justice needs in Indonesia 2014: Problems, Processes and Fairness Authored by Martin Gramatikov, Sam Muller, Maurits Barendrecht, David Osborne, Gediminas Motiejunas, Robert Porter, published in 2014 in Data reports, pages 91 http://www.hiil.org/data/sitemanagement/media/JNST%20Indonesia%20Final.pd

Assessment of radionuclide migration and radiological human exposure at the closed near-surface radioactive waste repository

The near-surface “RADON” type radioactive waste repository, installed in 1963 and designed to store radioactive waste formed in industry, medicine and scientific investigations, was closed in 1989 because it did not meet the requirements imposed on the radioactive waste disposal. A comparatively small amount of radioactive waste is stored in this repository, but the inventory comprises various kinds of waste: short-lived low-level radioactive waste, short-lived low and intermediate radioactive waste, long-lived intermediate and high-level radioactive waste. The possible site-specific radionuclide migration through the groundwater pathway as well as the human exposure are considered by the computer program RESRAD-OFFSITE in this paper. The analysis of the obtained data shows that out of all stored radionuclides only H-3, C-14 and Cl-36 exceeding the dose constraint of 0.2 mSv can be considered as dangerous. The monitoring carried out in the repository environment has shown the contamination of groundwater with radioactive tritium and a significant reduction of contamination after construction of additional protective engineering barriers. For the assessment of the contribution of separate site-specific parameters of the model taking into account uncertainties of the model and parameters to the annual effective dose, the computer code RESRAD-OFFSITE provides the possibility of applying the regression analysis. It has been determined that the aquifer lateral dispersion as well as the hydraulic gradient, the radionuclide activity concentration in the repository together with the rate of penetration into the environment and the precipitation amount have the largest influence on the assessment accuracy of annual effective doses