Effect of certain commercial compounds in controlling root-knot nematodes infected potato plants

To examine the effect of certain commercial compounds against root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) which infect potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L. var. sponta). Two experiments were carried out under laboratory and field conditions during 2012 and 2013 seasons. Eight nematicides were used as treatments i.e., Mocap, Super control, Dento, Nematex, Vertimyl, Oxamyle, Bionematone, and Bioxy+. The successful treatments were chosen due to their effectiveness on percentage reduction in nematode populations, maximize plant production. The chosen treatments applied in soil naturally infected with nematode in the experimental field in Nubaria, Behira Governorate, North Egypt. Results exhibited significantly reduction in all nematode developmental stages in plant and soil, ex. number of egg masses, galls and nematodes in 250 cm3 soil with all chemical compounds. The consequence of vegetative growth parameters and yield were increased significantly with tested treatments compared with control. Moreover, results of laboratory experiments recorded that 87 to 98% inhibition for egg-masses hatching and 85 to 98% mortality for juveniles, respectively, with 90% for the lethal concentration of Bioxy+, Oxamyl and Vertimyl

COMPARATIVE BOTANICAL AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF CERTAIN SOLANUM SPECIES GROWN IN EGYPT

Objective: Urgent need for proper identification and characterization has emerged for some Solanum species as their toxicity to humans and animals ranges from mildly irritating to fatal. The objective of this work was targeted towards discrimination between Solanum seaforthianum Andrews and Solanum macrocarpon L.Methods: For establishment of different botanical and genetic criteria, this study presents a comparative investigation of the botanical features of the roots, stems and leaves of both plants through microscopical investigation of the prepared entire, transverse sections and powdered forms of different organs of both plants under study. Furthermore, the DNA of both plants was extracted from leaf samples and Random Amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis using ten primers of arbitrary sequences.Results: Comparative botanical characters of different organs were identified. On the other hand a total 101 fragments were generated in S. macrocarpon while 105 fragments were generated in S. seaforthianum. Where the highest degree of similarities (70%) was recorded using primer B16 therefore could be used as an indicator for obtaining genetic markers, followed by 65.38% for Z13 and the lowest degree of similarity (38.1%) was recorded using primer O14 which could be used to discriminate between the two Solanum species depending on their low values of similarity coefficients and high level of polymorphism.Conclusion: For the present study, macro and micro-morphological characters, as well as, DNA fingerprinting can be considered as the identifying parameters to authenticate and differentiate between the two plants under study.Â

INFLUENCE OF SPROUTING USING BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC ELICITORS ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF RADISH SEEDS (RAPHANUS SATIVUS)

Germination is a way to improve agricultural productivity and easily to use by low income families, in particular with using some elicitors in germination for enhancing the nutrition value of the seeds by sprouting. For their highly metabolic activities after harvesting, radish seeds were selected for performance of this study. The effect of using abiotic elicitor (saline water, by NaCl at different concentrations) and biotic elicitor (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on sprouting of radish seed has been investigated. After germinating radish seeds for six days using elicitors, chemical analysis and determination for phytochemicals contents have been carried out. Results showed a promising efficiency by sprouting, where an appreciable increasing in some analysis as protein, carbohydrates, some minerals and amino acids comparing to seed. Besides, germination had a positive effect to present some phyto-compounds as some flavonoids, terpenoids and phenolic compounds. Then, this study and similar ones are an important step towards the future development of value-added foods with elicited phytochemicals and can be used in the development of innovative food products with beneficial effects on human’s health

Novel 1,5-diaryl pyrazole-3-carboxamides as selective COX-2/sEH inhibitors with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and lower cardiotoxicity effects

Funding Information: The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at Jouf University for funding this work through research grant number (DSR2020-04-421 )Peer reviewedPostprin

CHEMICAL PROFILE OF TWO JASMINUM SAMBAC L. (AIT) CULTIVARS CULTIVATED IN EGYPT–THEIR MEDIATED SILVER NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIS AND SELECTIVE CYTOTOXICITY

Objective: Evaluation of two Jasminum sambac L. (Ait) cultivars; Arabian Nights (JSA) and Grand Duke of Tuscany (JSG) ethanolic leaves extracts as reducing agents for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and evaluation of their cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer and 5637 bladder cancer cell lines and chemical profiling of the two cultivars. Methods: The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by the two cultivars and characterization of AgNPs by ultraviolet (UV)–visible spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Additionally, the use of The high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array-mass-mass-spectroscopy (HPLC-PDA-MS/MS) for chemical profiling of both cultivars and evaluation of total leaves extracts and corresponding nanoparticles towards MCF-7 and 5637 cell lines compared to aneuploidy immortal keratinocyte (Ha Cat) normal cells by neutral cell assay. Results: The green synthesized AgNPs (of an average size range of 8.83 and 11.24 nm for JSA and JSG, respectively) exhibited cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and 5637 cell lines. The IC50 was determined for each total extract JSA (15.29±2.16 μg/ml) and JSG (20.28±1.20 μg/ml) and corresponding AgNPs 17.32±2.22 μg/ml and 6.32±1.01μg/ml for JSA and JSG, respectively. The IC50 of JSA and JSG against 5637 bladder cancer cell line were 13.76±1.11 μg/ml and 50.69±3.75 μg/ml, while the corresponding AgNPs showed IC50 of 5.54±0.88 μg/ml and 27.89±2.84 μg/ml, respectively. The HPLC-PDA-MS/MS allowed the identification of 59 compounds; 10 simple phenols, 17 flavonoids; quercetin and kaempferol glycosides, 2 lignans, and 30 secoiridoids; oleuropein, molihauside, and sambacoside. Conclusion: This study proved that JSA is an excellent source for the synthesis of AgNPs with optimum characters and enhanced activities toward MCF-7 and 5637 cell lines in correlation to identified compounds

Auricular Graft vs. Chemoterapy in the Managment of Craniomandibular Joint Ankylosis

ABSTRACT A variety of techniques for the management of craniomandibular ankylosis have been described. However, no single technique has proved entirely satisfactory. These techniques pose a significant challenge due to a high incidence of recurrence. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare between the interpositional auricular graft and local application of chemotherapy procedures. Patients/methods : The study has been used on 31 patients with true TMJ ankylosis (18 had unilateral and13 had bilateral ankylosis with average age ranged between 12 and 41). Two procedures for the management of TMJ ankylosis were done. Group (1) included 16 patients were subjected to small gap arthroplasty and topical application chemotherapeutic agent having antiproliferative property to suppress fibrous proliferation and vascular ingrowth between the osteotomy sites. Group (11) included 15 patients were subjected to interpositional arthroplasty using auricular graft of the ipsilateral side. All patients were examined and followed clinically and radiologically using panoramic view, CT and MRI, after the operation for a period extended to 4 years to confirm absence of recurrence. All patients had no recurrence after surgery. Results : Considerable improvement in maximal incisal opening (33 mm) was noted in all patients during the follow up period. Conclusion : The study concluded that both techniques provided satisfactory results. However, chemical application of chemotherapeutic agent was found to be superior in some aspects; no mandibular shifting during the movement, elimination of grafting problems and saving surgical time

Production of Biodiesel from Locally Available Spent Vegetable Oils

The depletion of fossil fuels prompted considerable research to find alternative fuels. Due its environmental benefits and renewable nature the production of biodiesel has acquired increasing importance with a view to optimizing the production procedure and the sources of feedstock. Millions of liters of waste frying oil are produced from local restaurants and houses every year, most are discarded into sewage systems causing damage to the networks.  This study is intended to consider aspects related to the feasibility of the production of biodiesel from waste frying oils which will solve the problem of waste frying oil pollution and reduce the cost of biodiesel production.This research studies the conversion of locally available spent vegetable oils of different origins and with different chemical compositions into an environmentally friendly fuel. The biodiesel production requirements by base catalyzed trans-esterification process for the different feed stocks are determined according to the measured physical properties. The quality of the produced biodiesel is compared to petro diesel in terms of established standard specifications

Discovery of novel oxazole-based macrocycles as anti-coronaviral agents targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease

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Sinteza, in vitro antitumorsko ispitivanje i radiosenzitirajuće vrednovanje novih derivata 4-[3-(supstituiranih)tioureido]-N-(kinoksalin-2-il)benzensulfonamida

Sulfonamides and quinoxaline derivatives possess many types of biological activities and have been recently reported to show substantial antitumor activity. This paper reports the synthesis of novel thioureidosulfaquinoxaline derivatives. All the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity against a human liver cell line (HEPG2) and showed higher activity than the reference drug doxorubicin. 4-(3-(4-Ethylbenzoate)thioureido)-N-(quinoxalin-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (9) (IC50 = 15.6 µmol L1), N-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-(3-(4-(N-quinoxalin-2-yl-sulfamoyl)phenyl)thioureido)benzene-sulfonamide (10) (IC50 = 26.8 µmol L1) and N-(quinoxalin-2-yl)-4-(3-(4-(N-thiazol-2-ylsulfamoyl)phenyl)thioureido)benzenesulfonamide (11) (IC50 = 24.4 µmol L1) were the most potent compared to doxorubicin (IC50 = 71.8 µmol L1). The most potent compounds 9, 10 and 11 were evaluated as radiosensitizing agents by subjecting the compounds to γ-irradiation (8 kGy).Derivati sulfonamida i kinoksalina imaju raznoliko biološko djelovanje, između ostalog i antitumorsko djelovanje. U radu je opisana sinteza novih derivata tioureido sulfakinoksalina. Svim novim spojevima ispitano je antitumorsko djelovanje in vitro na humanoj staničnoj liniji jetre (HEPG 2). Svi ispitani spojevi pokazuju jači učinak nego referentni lijek doksorubicin. Najjači učinak imali su 4-(3-(4-etilbenzoat)tioureido)-N-(kinoksalin-2-il)benzen-sulfonamid (9) (IC50 = 15,6 µmol L1), N-(piridin-2-il)-4-(3-(4-(N-kinoksalin-2-il-sulfamoil)fenil)tioureido)-benzen-sulfonamid (10) (IC50 = 26,8 µmol L1) i N-(kinoksalin-2-il)-4-(3-(4-(N-tiazol-2-ilsulfamoil)fenil)tioureido)benzen-sulfonamid (11) (IC50 = 24,4 µmol L1), dok je IC50 vrijednost bila 71,8 µmol L1. Najaktivniji spojevi 9, 10 i 11 evaluirani su kao radziosenzitirajuća sredstva nakon izlaganja spojeva γ-zračenju (8 kGy)

Differential Effects of Low-Dose Erythropoietin in Rat Model of Diabetic Nephropathy: Submitted: Jan 3, 2018 Accepted: Feb 26, 2018 Published online: Mar 3, 2018

Background. Previous reports on the renoprotective effect of erythropoietin (EPO) in the setting of chronic kidney disease (CKD) have yielded conflicting results. The aim of this study is to clarify the effect of low, non-hematopoietic dose of EPO on the evolution of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rat model. Methods. Low dose of recombinant human EPO (150 U/kg, s.c. three times/week) was given to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats in two schedules; in the first one, EPO was given from day 2 after STZ injection till the end of the study (28 weeks) as prophylactic treatment; and in the other schedule EPO was given after development of DN (last 8 weeks) as therapeutic treatment. Albuminuria, blood pressure, creatinine clearance, renal venous oxygen tension (vPO2), plasma EPO, hematocrit and renal histopathology were assessed. Results. Unexpectedly, 28 weeks administration of EPO to diabetic rats led to aggravation of albuminuria and worsening of histopathological damage in spite of partial correction of renal hypoxia. Contrary to this, terminal 8 weeks EPO therapy of DN reduced albuminuria and demonstrated some favorable effects on biochemical changes and histologic picture. Conclusion. Low dose EPO exerted differential effects in rat model of DN according to treatment duration. In addition, findings of the present study warrants further investigations of the exact renoprotective role of EPO in diabetic patients with CKD who receive EPO therapy for long periods