21 research outputs found
Retardation of visual perception as a criterion for early detection of dyslexia
The research aim is to reveal diagnostics possibilities of incompleteness of subsequent visual scanning and holistic strategy of an identification of the visual cues affected on successful children reading skills formation.Β Methods. While working out the diagnostic methodology of deterioration of reading skills (dyslexia), the author relies on the ontogenetic principles (from simple to complicated), integrity, system approach and fundamental principles on common principles of speech development (B. G. Ananβev, L. I. Beljakova, N. I. Zhinkin, A. A. Leontβev, T. N. Ushakova). Besides the principles of specific pedagogics, the author uses general pedagogical principles as presentation, accessibility, consciousness, concretenesses, an individual approach, stage-by-stage skills formation, etc. The methods of direct application on defective activity and didactic information (selection and arrangement are considered).Β Results. The author specifies the characteristics of visual perception affected on successful reading skills acquirement of schoolchildren during the period of primary education due to the detection of suppositions to deterioration of their reading skills (dyslexia) and graded-correctional effect on them. The types of visual scanning or search such as consistent field of gaze fixation from left to right and the chaotic search presented with Β«spasmodicΒ» returnable eye movements. Additionally, the strategies of a visual identification are defined: holistic (a complete identification of hierarchically organised visual cues) and analytical (element-by-element recognition). It is proved that in the course of training to reading children gradually go over from chaotic to the consecutive search necessary for right-hand visual scanning of the text; and from analytical strategy to holistic. Retardation of visual perception development (shown in absence of the given transition) causes occurrence of dyslexia.Β Scientific novelty. The author presents own developed and tested diagnostic methodology that allows finding out an underlying risk for dyslexia emergence; it is related to chaotic visual search and analytical strategy of an identification of printed characters. The traditional method of coping with the reading skills defect is updated with new methods and techniques of correctional actions which are directed at visual perception improvement.Β Practical significance. Proposed diagnostic methods can be used by speech therapists or speech-language pathologists of general education institutions for early detection and warning of the reading skills defectΠ¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ², Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π° ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π°Π²ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.Β ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ (ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ), ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ, ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΡΠ΄Π°Ρ
Π. Π. ΠΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ΅Π²Π°, Π. Π. ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ, Π. Π. ΠΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π°, Π. Π. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ΅Π²Π°, Π’. Π. Π£ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ², ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π² ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΊΠ΅, ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ: Π½Π°Π³Π»ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄Ρ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π±ΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ.Β Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ, Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ°: ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π·ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅Π²Π° Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎ, ΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π² Β«ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
Β» Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π³Π»Π°Π·; ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: Ρ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ (ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²) ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ (ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅). ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡ Ρ
Π°ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΡ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°, ΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ Ρ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.Β ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ Ρ
Π°ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ². Π’ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ.Β ΠΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ (Π΄ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ) ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉΒ
Clinical mimics and diagnostic challenges in tick-borne borreliosis: a systematic review
Background.Β Ixodes tick-borne borreliosis (TBB) is a clinically multifaceted disease posing a serious threat in most territories of the Russian Federation. New TBB outbreaks emerge and spread to the countryβs south.Objectives.Β The review highlights the TBB clinical diversity to physicians in order to improve the diagnosis quality and opportune aid. It focuses on the early and late clinical presentation of localised and disseminated polysystemic TBB.Methods.Β Sources were mined in the MEDLINE, PubMed and national electronic databases (Π‘yberleninka, eLibrary, etc.) with keywords βtick-borne borreliosisβ [ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ·], βLyme diseaseβ [Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ ΠΠ°ΠΉΠΌΠ°], βLyme arthritisβ [ΠΠ°ΠΉΠΌ-Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ], neuroborreliosis [Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ·] for the period of 2014β2020. Selected impactive publications within 2007β2013 were also included. Research was considered eligible if borreliosis was diagnosed using specific techniques like immune-enzyme assays, immunoblotting or PCR.Results.Β TBB is a common and cross-disciplinary situation. The disease may progress occult or manifest in a variety of forms, from annular erythema to cardiac, peripheral and central nervous system involvement or arthritis. The polysystemic nature of lesions, often long-term of the tick bite, forces multiple specialist visits ending with misdiagnoses, late aetiotropic therapy and transition into a chronic phase through ignorance of the patientβs epidemiological record. Some patients may have the acute phase followed by irreversible neurological damage associated with memory loss, cognitive decline, arthrosis and sclerotic skin change reducing the quality of life.Conclusion.Β TBB can be mimicked by therapeutic, neurological, skin and ophthalmic illnesses, which warrants the physicianβs attention to the epidemiological record and knowledge of specific diagnostic techniques. Further research is necessary into the pathogenesis and clinical presentation of chronic TBB and its residual manifestations