ミナミアフリカ ムプマランガシュウ ノ モカツ コウトウ ガッコウ ニオケル リカ キョウシ ノ ジッセン カツドウ ノ ジレイ ケンキュウ

教育省による理科教師の育成とその強化に対する積極的な貢献は,決して否定するものではない。そしてこれを仲介するプログラムが導入されてきている。しかし以前から成績不振の学習者に,特に改善がなされたという報告はほとんどない。残念ながら,そのような知見は,南アフリカの学校における真の理科教育に結びつくものではない。この論文は,学校における真の理科教育に迫るもう一つの気がかりを追求しようとしたものである。ムプマランガ州の公立モカツ高校の5人の理科教師に口頭面接を行った。この調査により,教師が基本的な技能から離れ,無難な目的だけで実践活動を行っていることが明らかになった。それゆえ,その学校のレベルの適切なモニタリングと評価が緊急に必要とされる。The positive contributions made by the Department of Education towards the development and empowerment of science educators are undeniable. Several intervention programs are conducted through out the year. However, very little improvement has been reported especially amongst previously disadvantaged learners. Unfortunately, such information does not enable one to make access to the reality of science teaching in South African schools. This paper aims at pursuing an alternative way to approach the reality of science teaching in schools. An oral interview was conducted with five science educators at Mokatsu secondary school, a public school in Mpumalanga Province. This survey reveals that, apart from lack of fundamental skills, educators perform hands-on activities (science experiments and projects) for moderation purposes only. There is, therefore, a dire need for proper monitoring and evaluation at the school level.国立情報学研究所『研究紀要公開支援事業』により電子化

DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING MATERIALS FROM ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLE OF MINES AND RIVERS

この研究は鉱山とその付近の川の試料を用いた教材の開発について報告したものです。これは堆積物や表面水中のマンガンを間接的に求める研究であり,教育実践に適するように実験操作は高校生用に簡易化した。ここではマンガンを堆積物から抽出し,紫色の過マンガン酸塩(MnO_4^-)に酸化し,標準濃度の溶液と比色することにより試料中のマンガンの濃度を求めた。堆積物中のマンガン量は,過マンガン酸塩の濃度を対比させることにより求めた。授業実践を想定した生徒の活動を計画し,これを地元の鳴門高校の2年生40名に対して試みた。This study reports on the development of teaching materials by using samples from mines and their neighboring rivers. The indirect analysis of manganese in sediment and surface water was studied, and the procedures were simplified for high school learners. Here, manganese was extracted from sediment, oxidized to the violet permanganate (MnO_4^-) complex and the concentration of the complex determined by color comparison with standard solutions. The concentration of the permanganate complex was used as the relative measure of the amount of manganese in the sediment. The lesson activities developed and were tried to forty (40) grade 11 learners at Naruto high school, Japan.国立情報学研究所『研究紀要公開支援事業』により電子化

Potential suppressive effects of Mexican poppy weed residues on germination and early growth of maize and pearl millet crops

Argemone ochroleuca allelochemical properties have been reported but not empirically tested on economically important staple cereal crops. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the potential Allelopathic effects of the alien weed’s residues on germination and early-growth of maize (Zea mays L.) and Pearl millet (Pennisertum glaucum). Allelopathic effects of A. ochroleuca on maize and millet seed germination were tested in a 2 (shoot and root) x 11 (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100g/L water) factorial treatment arrangement in CRD in an incubator placed in a laboratory. Whereas effects of the weed extracts on the same crops’ early-growth were tested in a 2 (shoot and roots) x 8 (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14g ground-powdered extracts) factorial arrangement in RCBD under laboratory conditions. Maize and millet germination percentage, germination speed, mean germination time, mean daily germination, plumule and radicle length were measured for germination test, whereas, plant height, stem diameter, root and shoot mass were used as indicators of A. ochroleuca suppression of early plant growth. Relative to untreated control, concentration equal to and greater than 10g/L aqueous extracts of A. ochroleuca reduced millet and maize seed germination variables by 10–100% and 28–56%, respectively, while early-growth variables were reduced by 66–100% and 4–37%, respectively. Argemone ochroleuca shoot extracts were more suppressive than root extracts on germination and early growth of the two crops. In conclusion, A. ochroleuca Allelopathic effects were concentration and plant-part dependent, inhibitory effects increased with concentrations, with extracts from shoots being more Allelopathic on measured variables when compared to root extracts. As A. ochroleuca continues to spread yearly without any control strategies in place, a threat exist on maize and Pearl millet production especially in communal farming areas where improved management strategies are non- existent