Lower bound element and submodel for modelling of joints between precast concrete panels

In practice, precast concrete structures are designed using either analytical methods or linear finite element tools, and the in-situ cast joints between the precast panels are assessed using conservative empirical design formulas. This often leads to a suboptimal design, and local mechanisms inside the joint are not taken into account. This paper presents an equilibrium element representing in-situ cast joints and an advanced submodel yield criterion is developed. The element and submodel are verified by compar- ison to a detailed numerical model as well as experimental results. The computational time and problem size of the joint element and detailed model will be discussed