The Relationship between Social Media Use and Depression among Nursing Students at Governmental University

Context: Students in the modern world are busy using social media for different purposes and activities. Misuse of social media applications can negatively impact students' psychological health.Aim: To determine the relationship between social media use and depression among nursing students in governmental universities. Methods: Descriptive correlational study design was conducted among 267 nursing students in nursing college at a governmental university in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using the Social Media Use Integration Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory scale to assess the relationship between depression and social media use among nursing students. Results: Social media use among nursing students was high (50.90%) while 31.1% of them were overused, while depression level was mild among 26% of study participants and there was a statistically significant relationship between social media applications, used number of hours spent on social media per day, and level of depression among nursing students at the governmental university.Conclusions: The collected data analysis revealed a statistically significant positive moderate correlation between used social media and depression among nursing students at the university. Hence, it is essential to establish an educational program through routine checkups for depression levels among nursing students besides arranging for weekly group discussions and consultations to express feelings and thoughts, creating a supportive academic environment

Job Stress and Self-Efficacy Among Nurses Working in Al-Amal Psychiatric and Addiction Hospital

Context: Nurses act as patients' first caregivers who help them manage their physical needs, control, and treat health conditions through their early nursing interventions and critical decision-making. The critical factor for nurses that help to raise their feeling of confidence is self-efficacy. Psychiatric nurses as long as they are protected, will become more productive, creative, and supported.Aim: This study aimed to identify the relation between job stress and self-efficacy among nurses working in psychiatric and addiction hospitals. Methods: A descriptive-correlational design was utilized. The study was conducted at Al-Amal Psychiatric and Addiction Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A convenience sample of 133 nurses voluntarily participated. Data were collected by using two tools; the psychiatric nurse job stress scale used to assess nurses' socio-demographic data and clinical experiences, besides, to measure psychiatry nurses' job stress. General self-efficacy scale to assess self-beliefs to cope with stressful life events and capture individuals' general beliefs about their capabilities to handle different situations. Results: The results showed that about half of the participants (47%) have high job stress, and approximately three-quarters of participants (74.44%) have high self-efficacy. Middle-aged nurses had less job stress than young nurses. It was found that non-Saudi were experience job stress less than Saudis.Conclusion: The analysis of the collected data revealed that there is a statistically significant negative relationship between overall job stress and self-efficacy. Nurses need to be trained in coping strategies to deal with job stress. Workshops regarding stress management, communication skills are a must for those nurses working in a psychiatric hospital. Develop training programs on self-efficacy to help nurses heighten their stress management capability and also increase their job achievements

Immunohistochemical Expression of MMR Proteins with Clinicopathological Correlation in Colorectal Cancer in Egypt

BACKGROUND: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is the genetic pathway underlying 15% of sporadic colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and hereditary non-polyposis CRC. MSI-H CRC has a distinct clinicopathological characteristic including excess mucin and signet ring component, proximal colon, Crohn’s like reaction, lymphocytic infiltration, and better survival. AIM: This research aims to screen Egyptian CRC patients for MSI status by IHC testing of expression of the MMR proteins in correlation to its clinicopathological features. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Immunohistochemistry study for mismatch repair proteins (MMR) was done on 115 cases of CRC. Their expressions were assessed and correlated to clinicopathological parameters in an attempt to obtain the most significant predictors of MSI. RESULTS: MSI (low and high) represents 67% of the study cases. The most frequent expression pattern was combined loss of MLH, and PMS2 (38% of MSI) followed by a combined loss of MSH2, and MSH6 (29% of MSI). There was significant correlation of expression pattern of MMR proteins with the laterality, lymphovascular emboli, perineural invasion, grade, T stage, N stage, signet ring component, tumor infiltrating lymphocyte, and peritumoral lesion (0.014, 0.035, 0.012, 0.033, 0.013, 0.000, 0.041, 0.012, and 0.009 respectively). Proximal location (right sided) and lower grade, higher nodal stage, and marked TIL were selected as predictors of MS-H CRC (0.005, 0.031, 0.025, and 0.000 respectively). CONCLUSION: All clinicopathological and histological parameters should be assessed in CRC for the sake of predicting MSI. The optimal approach to MSI evaluation is (IHC) assessment of MMR proteins

Green Synthesis of Phosphorous-Containing Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles (nHAP) as a Novel Nano-Fertilizer: Preliminary Assessment on Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)

Nano-fertilizers are innovative materials created by nanotechnology methodologies that may potentially replace traditional fertilizers due to their rapid absorption and controlled distribution of nutrients in plants. In the current study, phosphorous-containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAP) were synthesized as a novel phosphorus nano-fertilizer using an environmentally friendly green synthesis approach using pomegranate peel (PPE) and coffee ground (CE) extracts. nHAPs were physicochemically characterized and biologically evaluated utilizing the analysis of biochemical parameters such as photosynthetic activity, carbohydrate levels, metabolites, and biocompatibility changes in Punica granatum L. Cytocompatibility with mammalian cells was also investigated based on MTT assay on a Vero cell line. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential analysis were used to characterize the nHAPs for size and surface charge as well as morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The nHAPs were found to have different shapes with average sizes of 229.6 nm, 120.6 nm (nHAPs_PPE) and 167.5 nm, 153 nm (nHAPs_CE) using DLS and TEM, respectively. Overall, the present results showed that the synthesized nHAPs had a negative impact on the selected biochemical, cytotoxic, and genotoxic parameters, indicating that the evaluation of nHAP synthesized by this approach has a wide range of applications, especially as a nano-fertilizer

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Pomegranate Fruit Peel and Solid Coffee Grounds vs. Chemical Method of Synthesis, with Their Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Properties Investigation

This research aims to investigate the synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of the biocompatibility and antibacterial activity of novel zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) prepared by Punica granatum peel and coffee ground extracts as the reducing and capping agents. Chemically synthesized ZnONPs were prepared using zinc acetate dihydrate and sodium hydroxide as reducing precursors. ZnONPs were characterized using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV-VIS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Peaks of UV spectra were 300 nm for ZnONPs_PPE, 320 nm (ZnONPs_CE), 290 nm, and 440 nm (ZnONP_Chem), thereby confirming ZnONPs formation. The X-ray diffractograms revealed their hexagonal structure. TEM micrographs of the biosynthesized ZnONPs revealed their hexagonal pattern and nanorod shape for ZnONPs_Chem with particle sizes of 118.6 nm, 115.7 nm, and 111.2 nm, respectively. The FTIR analysis demonstrated the presence of proteins, carboxyl, and hydroxyl groups on ZnONPs surfaces that act as reducing and stabilizing agents. ZnONP_Chem shows the antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Punica peel and coffee ground extracts are effective reducing agents for green ZnONPs synthesis with a lower cytotoxic effect on Vero cells than ZnONPs_Chem with IC50 = 111, 103, and 93 μg/mL, respectively