FINANCING FOOD DISTRIBUTION IN THE 1970'S: CONSUMERS COOPERATIVE

Methods of raising necessary capital for a retail consumers cooperative.Agribusiness,

The Use of Art Therapy in a Patient with Chronic Schizophrenia

The artistic drawings of psychiatric patients have been of increasing interest to mental health professionals over the last hundred years. In the 1870\u27s Simon speculated on the relationship between the art of psychotics and their illnesses (1) . Freud and Jung made observations about the symbolism of art work. By the 1940\u27s Naumberg developed a system of art therapy relying heavily on psychoanalytic theory that is now a therapeutic discipline in its own right (2). In the inpatient milieu art therapy is commonly offered in conjunction with other therapies that make up the inpatient experience. The art therapist often shares the information gained with the primary therapist when the art work aids in elucidating conflicts, defenses, and thought content that may not have been verbalized by the patient. Rarely does the psychiatrist use art therapy as his primary mode of therapeutic intervention

Some Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Cool Season Turfgrasses

Six varieties of cool season turfgrasses were exposed to simulated acid rainfall with treatments consisting of a sulfuric acid solution, a nitric acid solution, and a 50-50 mixture of both. Each solution was used to make acid rain of pHs 3.0, 2.5, 2.0, and 1.5. Height measurements showed decreases in growth throughout the experiment for all treatments except the nitric and 50-50 acid treatments at pHs of 2.0 and 1.5, which maintain fairly constant growth. Analysis of nitrate, phosphorous, and potassium levels in the soil indicated heavy leaching of the nitrates and potassium from most soil samples, which probably account for the reduced growth observed. There appeared to be an increase in leaching of potassium from samples recieving the more acidic treatments. Grasses with little decrease in growth showed greater foliar injury than did the stunted plants. Greater foliar injury was also observed at the beginning of the experiment when all the plants were fairly uniform in height. Soil pH showed little change except for the pH 1.5 sulfuric acid treatments, which caused some increase in acidity. There was no correlation between the soil pH and turfgrass height or foliar injury. A separate, related experiment was conducted to investigate a new chlorophyll extraction procedure reported in the literature for obtaining chlorophyll concentrations expressed as mg chlorophyll per gram dry weight. Chlorophyll extracts from the injured plants showed a reduction in chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B, and total chlorophyll. Injured plants also showed a decrease in chlorophyll A to B ratios. In addition, higher percentages of chlorophyll were extracted from uninjured tissue than from injured tissue. Length of storage studies indicated that chlorophyll extracts were stable for at least ten days when stored in the dark

Some Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Cool Season Turfgrasses

Six varieties of cool season turfgrasses were exposed to simulated acid rainfall with treatments consisting of a sulfuric acid solution, a nitric acid solution, and a 50-50 mixture of both. Each solution was used to make acid rain of pHs 3.0, 2.5, 2.0, and 1.5. Height measurements showed decreases in growth throughout the experiment for all treatments except the nitric and 50-50 acid treatments at pHs of 2.0 and 1.5, which maintain fairly constant growth. Analysis of nitrate, phosphorous, and potassium levels in the soil indicated heavy leaching of the nitrates and potassium from most soil samples, which probably account for the reduced growth observed. There appeared to be an increase in leaching of potassium from samples recieving the more acidic treatments. Grasses with little decrease in growth showed greater foliar injury than did the stunted plants. Greater foliar injury was also observed at the beginning of the experiment when all the plants were fairly uniform in height. Soil pH showed little change except for the pH 1.5 sulfuric acid treatments, which caused some increase in acidity. There was no correlation between the soil pH and turfgrass height or foliar injury. A separate, related experiment was conducted to investigate a new chlorophyll extraction procedure reported in the literature for obtaining chlorophyll concentrations expressed as mg chlorophyll per gram dry weight. Chlorophyll extracts from the injured plants showed a reduction in chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B, and total chlorophyll. Injured plants also showed a decrease in chlorophyll A to B ratios. In addition, higher percentages of chlorophyll were extracted from uninjured tissue than from injured tissue. Length of storage studies indicated that chlorophyll extracts were stable for at least ten days when stored in the dark

Environmental and cultural considerations for growth of potatoes in CELSS

The white potato (Solanum tuberosum) was evaluated for use in the Closed Ecology Life Support System (CELSS) because of its high ratio of edible to inedible biomass and highly nutritious tuber that consists of readily digestible carbohydrates and proteins. Results are given for conditions that will produce the highest yields. The results, given in tabluar form, indicate the optimum temperatures, irradiance, carbon dioxide concentration, root environment, plant spacing, root and stolen containment, and harvesting times

Wireless Emergency Alerts: Trust Model Simulations

Trust is a key factor in the effectiveness of the Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA) service. Alert originators must trust WEA to deliver alerts to the public in an accurate and timely manner. Members of the public must also trust the WEA service before they will act on the alerts that they receive. This research aimed to develop a trust model to enable the Federal Emergency Management Agency to maximize the effectiveness of WEA and provide guidance for alert originators that would support them in using WEA in a manner that maximizes public safety. This report overviews the public trust model and the alert originator trust model. The research method included Bayesian belief networks (BBNs) to model trust in WEA because they enable reasoning about and modeling of uncertainty. The report details the procedures used to run simulations on the trust models. For each trust model, single-factor, multifactor, random-input, and special-case simulations were run on each factor and group of factors investigated. The analysis of the simulations had two goals: to identify those simulations that predicted the highest levels of trust and those simulations that predicted the lowest levels of trust. This report includes the results for each trust Model