The ideal relativistic spinning gas: polarization and spectra

We study the physics of the ideal relativistic rotating gas at thermodynamical equilibrium and provide analytical expressions of the momentum spectra and polarization vector for the case of massive particles with spin 1/2 and 1. We show that the finite angular momentum J entails an anisotropy in momentum spectra, with particles emitted orthogonally to J having, on average, a larger momentum than along its direction. Unlike in the non-relativistic case, the proper polarization vector turns out not to be aligned with the total angular momentum with a non-trivial momentum dependence.Comment: Final published version. Minor corrections to formula

Effect of the dispersion of the chromophore on the optical performances of polarizers from polyethylene and 5”-thio-(3-butyl)nonyl-2,2’:5’,2”-terthiophene

A new polyethylene-compatible terthiophene chromophore, 5"-thio-(3-butyl) nonyl-2,2':5',2"-terthiophene, with melting point lower than 0degreesC was prepared and used for linear polarizers based on ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). Differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy indicate that the new chromophore is dispersed uniformly in films of UHMWPE obtained by casting from solution. The films show excellent dichroic properties (dichroic ratio 30) at rather low drawing ratio (approximate to20). Moreover, qualitative agreement is observed with the Ward pseudo-affine deformation schem

Correlations in Nuclear Arrhenius-Type Plots

Arrhenius-type plots for multifragmentation process, defined as the transverse energy dependence of the single-fragment emission-probability, -ln(p_{b}) vs 1/sqrt(E_{t}), have been studied by examining the relationship of the parameters p_{b} and E_{t} to the intermediate-mass fragment multiplicity . The linearity of these plots reflects the correlation of the fragment multiplicity with the transverse energy. These plots may not provide thermal scaling information about fragment production as previously suggested.Comment: 12 pages, Latex, 3 Postscript figures include

Relative potency ranking of azoles altering craniofacial morphogenesis in rats : an in vitro data modelling approach

Facial malformations represent one of the most frequent abnormality in humans. The adverse outcome pathway involved in facial defects seems to be related to retinoic acid (RA) pathway imbalance. Environmental agents inducing craniofacial malformations in experimental models include pesticides (especially azole fungicides). By using the in vitro alternative method postimplantation rat whole embryo culture (WEC), we evaluated the intrinsic embryotoxic activity of some azole antifungals (cyproconazole, CYPRO; triadimefon, FON; flusilazole, FLUSI; and prochloraz, PCZ), in comparison to RA. All the tested molecules induced in a dose-related manner specific defects of the craniofacial structures (fused branchial arches), similar to those induced by RA. Collected data were modelled using PROAST 65.5 software to characterise the relative potency factors (RPFs) versus RA. In comparison to RA, all the evaluated azoles were less potent, showing among them a similar potency. Our data suggest a possible azole-related RA signalling perturbation to be further investigated. Moreover, the present results indicate the approach used in this work to be an interesting tool applicable to the hazard evaluation of novel compounds or the assessment of combined exposure to azoles or other dismorphogens

Classification of life by the mechanism of genome size evolution

The classification of life should be based upon the fundamental mechanism in the evolution of life. We found that the global relationships among species should be circular phylogeny, which is quite different from the common sense based upon phylogenetic trees. The genealogical circles can be observed clearly according to the analysis of protein length distributions of contemporary species. Thus, we suggest that domains can be defined by distinguished phylogenetic circles, which are global and stable characteristics of living systems. The mechanism in genome size evolution has been clarified; hence main component questions on C-value enigma can be explained. According to the correlations and quasi-periodicity of protein length distributions, we can also classify life into three domains.Comment: 53 pages, 9 figures, 2 table

Fission studies with 140 MeV α\bm{\alpha}-Particles

Binary fission induced by 140 MeV $\alpha$-particles has been measured for $^{\rm nat}$Ag, $^{139}$La, $^{165}$Ho and $^{197}$Au targets. The measured quantities are the total kinetic energies, fragment masses, and fission cross sections. The results are compared with other data and systematics. A minimum of the fission probability in the vicinity $Z^2/A=24$ is observed.Comment: 4 figures, 2 table