Acute Chagas disease associated with ingestion of contaminated food in Brazilian western Amazon

Funding Information: We would like to thank the following institutions for all the support they accorded: Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Amazonas Health Surveillance Foundation Dr. Rosimary Costa Pinto (FVS‐RCP/AM), the Municipal Health Departments of the affected by the outbreaks and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas for their financial support in acquiring materials for the molecular detection of the parasite. We would also like to thank the public health surveillance teams and the patients who agreed to participate in this study. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Belgian Society of Tropical Medicine and the Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine.Objective: To describe clinical, epidemiological and management information on cases of acute Chagas disease (ACD) by oral transmission in the state of Amazonas in western Amazon. Methods: Manual and electronic medical records of patients diagnosed with ACD at the Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD) were included. Results: There were 147 cases of acute CD registered from 10 outbreaks that occurred in the state of Amazonas between 2004 and 2022. The transmission pathway was through oral route, with probable contaminated palm fruit juice (açaí and/or papatuá), and involved people from the same family, friends or neighbours. Of 147 identified cases, 87 (59%) were males; cases were aged 10 months to 82 years. The most common symptom was the febrile syndrome (123/147; 91.8%); cardiac alterations were present in 33/100 (33%), (2/147; 1.4%) had severe ACD with meningoencephalitis, and 12 (8.2%) were asymptomatic. Most cases were diagnosed through thick blood smear (132/147; 89.8%), a few (14/147; 9.5%) were diagnosed by serology and (1/147; 0.7%) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and blood culture. In all these outbreaks, 74.1% of the patients were analysed by PCR, and Trypanosoma cruzi TcIV was detected in all of them. No deaths were recorded. The incidence of these foci coincided with the fruit harvest period in the state of Amazonas. Conclusion: The occurrence of ACD outbreaks in the Amazon affected individuals of both sexes, young adults, living in rural and peri-urban areas and related to the consumption of regional foods. Early diagnosis is an important factor in surveillance. There was a low frequency of cardiac alterations. Continuous follow-up of most patients was not carried out due to difficulty in getting to specialised centres; therefore, little is known about post-treatment.publishersversioninpres

Avaliação do Conhecimento de Médicos Professores, Residentes e Estudantes de Medicina acerca da Declaração de Óbito

RESUMO A Declaração de Óbito (DO) é o documento-base do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade, do Ministério da Saúde. Contudo, trata-se de um assunto pouco abordado na formação médica continuada. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o nível de conhecimento sobre questões básicas e de ordem prática no preenchimento e emissão da DO em alunos do 12º período do curso médico da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), em médicos residentes e em médicos docentes do Complexo Hospitalar da UFRN. Foram aplicados questionários com 11 questões de mútipla escolha, elaborado de acordo com o Manual de Preenchimento de Declaração de Óbito. Participaram da pesquisa 45 alunos, 66 médicos residentes e 96 médicos professores. Os médicos residentes obtiveram a melhor média de acerto entre as categorias. Nenhuma das três categorias obteve média de acertos de 70%. Considerando o tempo de formação em relação ao número de acertos, observou-se que, para cada ano de formação, em média, a porcentagem de acerto diminui em 0,485%. Este estudo evidencia a importância de uma educação médica continuada nas faculdades de Medicina para um adequado preenchimento e emissão da DO