Evaluation of the Effects of Diabetes Self-Management Education based on 5A Model on the Quality of Life and Blood Glucose of Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an important condition during pregnancy. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of self-management education based on 5A model on the quality of life and blood glucose level of women with GDM. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 54 pregnant women who referred to the urban health care centers affiliated to the Gonabad University of Medical Sciences from March 2019 to March 2020 based on purposive sampling method. Participants were randomly allocated into intervention and control groups based on stratified random sampling using permuted block randomization method. The intervention group received self-management education program based on 5A model in five sessions during two months. Demographic data, blood glucose level, and diabetes quality of life (DQOL) questionnaire were recorded for each participant. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS software version 16 and the level of statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: Mean age of the participants was 33.11 ± 5.35 years old. At the end of the intervention, the mean blood glucose level of the participants in the intervention group was significantly lower compared to the control group (p<0.001). The quality of life in the intervention group was significantly improved at the end of the intervention compared to the control group (p<0.001). Conclusions: Self-management education based on 5A model can effectively improve quality of life and blood glucose levels in women with GDM

The Effects of Spiritual Care on Anxiety in Adolescents with Cancer

Introduction: Anxiety is one of the psychological complications of cancer in adolescents and it is due to various factors. Since this complication leaves undesirable effects on physical and mental health and also on the adolescents’ quality of lives, one of the main nursing cares in adolescents with cancer is using various strategies to reduce the anxiety. Experience of living with cancer shows spirituality creates purpose and meaning in life for patients.Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of spiritual care on anxiety in adolescents with cancer.Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with one- group time-series design. 32 hospitalized adolescents were selected by purposeful sampling method based on the inclusion criteria. The spiritual care program was performed for adolescents in 6 sessions of 45 minutes class during their hospitalization. Data was collected by questionnaires of “personal and clinical characteristics” and “Speilberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory”. The data were analyzed with the SPSS-19 software using descriptive and inferential statistical tests.Results: According to the results of this study, the difference between the mean score of pretest (55.96±11/34) and posttest (42.84±6/19) was significant. However the difference between mean scores of posttest and follow up (48.40±7/18) was not significant (P < 0.001).Conclusion: Implementation of spiritual care by nurses may affect the mental situation of adolescents with cancer and is a suitable method to reduce anxiety. Therefore it is necessary for nurses to use spiritual interventions during implementation of comprehensive nursing care.  Cite to Article: Torabi F, Sajjadi M, Nourian M, Borumandnia N, Shirinabadi Farahani A. The effects of spiritual care on anxiety in adolescents with cancer. Supportive and Palliative Care in Cancer 2016; in press

The Effect of Education on the Attitude and Child Abuse Behaviors of Mothers with 3-6 Year Old Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study

Background: Child abuse is a kind of domestic violence of children under the age of 18 which potentially or actually damages all aspects of their health. This study was conducted to determine the effect of education based on growth and development with home-visiting follow up on the mothers’ attitude and child abuse with 3-6-year-old children. Methods: This controlled trial study was carried out in two rural community health centers in Khorasan Razavi province in Iran, during April 2016 to Jun 2017 on 64 abusive mothers of 3-6-year-old children. The data collection tools included the 32-item adult adolescent parenting inventory (AAPI) and the questionnaire of child abuse. By using multi-stage random sampling, the mothers referring to two health centers were assigned to the experimental (N=32) and control groups (N=32). The intervention group received parenting educational interventions based on child growth and development and after being followed up for eight weeks through home-visits. The data were analyzed in SPSS-16, using descriptive statistics, analytical tests including the Chi-square, independent t-test, and Mc Nemars test. Results: After the intervention, the overall score of parenting attitudes was found to be significantly increased (P<0.001), and the prevalence of most abusive behaviors towards children was significantly reduced (P<0.05) in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conclusion: According to the results, this educational program was found to be significantly more effective in improving parenting attitudes and preventing child abuse compared to routine childcare programs in health centers. Trial Registration Number: IRCT2016052628094N

Comparison Mother-Child Relationship between ADHD and Normal Children

ABSTRACT: Mother-child relationship can affect children&apos;s personality, and cause, change or reinforce positive or negative behavioral characteristics. How mothers&apos; treat their children, can have long-term effects on children&apos;s behavior, performance, expectations and finally their personality in the future. The purpose of this study is to examine mother-child relationship in hyperactive children and compare it with normal children. To conduct this research, 34 elementary school boys, aging from 6 to 12 suffering from hyperactivity disorder and normal ones were convenience sampled from the elementary schools of Roudan in 2012. They were given the child-parent questionnaire and also the hyperactivity checklist. Method: this is a qualitative-descriptive and Ex post facto research. The results showed that hyperactivity has a positive correlation with parents&apos; over supportiveness and child acceptance; and negative correlation with child rejection and leniency

The effect of educational intervention based on continuous care model on self-monitoring of blood glucose in type 2 diabetics

Background and Aim: Appropriate control of blood sugar delays the onset and progression of diabetes complications. Nurses have a decisive role in the education of self-care behaviors to diabetic patients, including self-monitoring of blood glucose. The current study aimed at assessing the effect of educational intervention based on continuous care model on self-monitoring of blood glucose is type 2 diabetics. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial study was conducted on 86 patients with type II DM referring to the Arian Diabetes Clinic of Torbat-e-heydaryyeh in 2015. The participants were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Educational interventions based on continuous care model that has four basic steps: orientation, sensitization, control, and evaluation, was done on the intervention group for 3 months during 6 sessions. A reasearcher-designed questionnaire was completed before the intervention and two weeks after the last training session and the average scores of self-monitoring of blood glucose in both groups were evaluated. Finally,the obtained data was fed &nbsp;into SPSS software (V: 16) and analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistical tests including Chi-square, paired T, independent t-tests P<0.05 was taken as the significant level. Results: Out of the total participants 59.3 percent were females; and their mean age was 48.6&plusmn;8.4 years. Results showed significant difference between the two groups in terms of self-monitoring of blood glucose before and after the educational intervention based on continuous care model (P<0.001). It was found that mean and standard deviation of self-monitoring blood glucose in the intervention group before and after the intervention were 11.51&plusmn;3.02 and 12.13&plusmn;2.96 &nbsp;, and 18.13&plusmn;3.93 and 13.25&plusmn;3.74 ; respectively. Conclusion: The results showed that educational intervention based on continuous care model is effective on self-care behaviors of diabetic patients, especially their self-monitoring of blood glucose; therefore, applying it is recommended

The correlation between perceived social support and illness uncertainty in people with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome in Iran

Background: Illness uncertainty is a source of a chronic and pervasive psychological stress for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLWH), and largely affects their quality of life and the ability to cope with the disease. Based on the uncertainty in illness theory, the social support is one of the illness uncertainty antecedents, and influences the level of uncertainty perceived by patients. Aim: To examine uncertainty in PLWH and its correlation with social support in Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional correlational study was conducted with 80 PLWH presenting to AIDS Research Center, Tehran, Iran in 2013. The data collected using illness uncertainty and social support inventories were analyzed through Pearson′s correlation coefficient, Spearman′s correlation coefficient, and regression analysis. Results: The results showed a high level of illness uncertainty in PLWH and a negative significant correlation between perceived social support and illness uncertainty ( P = 0.01, r = -0.29). Conclusion: Uncertainty is a serious aspect of illness experience in Iranian PLWH. Providing adequate, structured information to patients as well as opportunities to discuss their concerns with other PLWH and receive emotional support from their health care providers may be worthwhile

Translation and psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of the nurses’ quality of life scale: a validation study in Iran

Abstract Background The quality of life for nurses can be significantly impacted by various occupational factors that Influence their working conditions and professional performance. The current study aimed to translate and validate the Persian version of the Nurses’ Quality of Life Scale. Material and method In this cross-sectional research, the Nurses’ Quality of Life Scale (NQOLS) was utilized to assess the quality of life among 500 employed nurses in hospitals in the cities of Gonabad and Sabzevar. The translation process of the NQOLS followed the model proposed by Wild et al. The content validity of the Persian version of the scale was evaluated using the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR). Structural validity was assessed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, while test-retest reliability was determined using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26 and LISREL version 8.8 software. Results The exploratory factor analysis of the Persian version of NQOLS revealed six factors that accounted for 62.15% of the total variance. The structural validity of the extracted factors was confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and ICC for the entire questionnaire were 0.91 and 0.95, respectively. Conclusion The findings of the present study suggest that the Persian version of the NQOLS exhibits sufficient validity and reliability. Therefore, it can be used as an effective tool for measuring and examining the quality of life among nurses in Iran