EX POST LIABILITY VERSUS EX ANTE BONDING AS INSTRUMENTS FOR ADDRESSING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED CROPS

Crop Production/Industries, Environmental Economics and Policy,

Hypoxia leads to necrotic hepatocyte death

Hepatocyte transplantation is being investigated as a therapy for liver disease; however, its success has been limited by rapid death of the cells following transplantation. This study was dedicated to elucidating the mode of death responsible for loss of transplanted hepatocytes in order to guide future strategies for promoting their survival. Using a tissue engineering model, it was found that the environment within polymer scaffolds containing transplanted cells was hypoxic after 5 days in vivo , with (90 ± 3)% of hepatocytes existing at pO 2 < 10 mmHg. The primary mode of hepatocyte death in response to hypoxic conditions of 0 or 2 vol % oxygen was then determined in vitro . Several assays for features of apoptosis and necrosis demonstrated that hepatocytes cultured in an anoxic environment died via necrosis, while culture at 2% oxygen inhibited proliferation. These results suggest it will not be possible to prevent hepatocyte death by interfering with the apoptotic process, and hypoxic conditions in the transplants must instead be addressed. The finding that the environment within cell transplantation scaffolds is hypoxic is likely applicable to many cell-based therapies, and a similar analysis of the primary mode of death for other cell types in response to hypoxia may be valuable in guiding future strategies for their transplantation. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/55977/1/30930_ftp.pd

Facilitating Integrating Mission into the Classroom: Reaching Senior Faculty Members

Given the increasing challenges faced by institutions of higher education, Catholic colleges and universities are facing an increasing need to present clear, unique missions to their stakeholders. The development of a unique mission, however, is only the first step – truly integrating a mission into the institution’s activities is often easier said than done. This paper explores the activities by one Catholic university to integrate its mission into its classroom activities, with primary attention placed on a program (Xavier Mission Academy) targeted to senior faculty

Cyclic strain inhibits switching of smooth muscle cells to an osteoblastâ like phenotype

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154437/1/fsb2fj020459fje.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154437/2/fsb2fj020459fje-sup-0001.pd

Tourism employment paradoxes, 1946–2095 : a perspective article

This paper addresses employment in the global tourism industry, searching for evidence for change since 1946 and then casting a speculative gaze forward to 2095. Unlike most facets of the tourism industry, there is a studied argument of limited changes to its employment conditions over the past 75 years. Indeed, Baum and Mooney (2019), casting back to 1933, argue that many of the conditions that underpinned work in the hospitality industry at the time remain identifiable in today’s industry environment. These are apparent in the early work of Whyte’s (1948, 1949) analysis of US restaurant workers and Chivers’ (1973) study of chefs in the United Kingdom. Authors such as Smeral (2004), Baum (2018), and Ioannides and Zampoukos (2018) highlight industry workplace characteristics that, inter alia, include precarity, low pay, poor working conditions and intersectional disadvantage seen in jobs of often low quality for women and migrants (Mooney et al., 2017; Robinson et al., 2019). If this ‘no change’ status is indeed a fair depiction of the industry, there appear few grounds to anticipate any significant changes in the future

A Biomimetic Approach for the Creation of Two-Dimensional Microscale Surface Patterns: Creation of Isolated Immunological Synapses

Current efforts in surface functionalization have not produced a robust technique capable of creating specific two-dimensional microscale geometrical arrays composed of multiple proteins. Such a capability is desirable for engineering substrates in sensing and cell patterning applications where at least two different protein functionalities in a specific configuration are required. Here we introduce a new approach for the creation of arrays of microscale geometries. We demonstrate our approach with a biomimetic structure inspired by the immunological synapse, a cell-cell interfacial structure characterized by two concentric rings of proteins: an outer adhesion protein structure and an inner recognition ligand core. The power of the technique lies in its ability to pattern any protein in any defined geometry as well as to create arrays in parallel

A Front Tracking Model of the MAXUS-8 Microgravity Solidification Experiment on a Ti-45.5at.% Al-8at.%Nb Alloy

On 26th March 2010 the MAXUS-8 sounding rocket was launched from the Esrange Space Center in Sweden. As part of the Intermetallic Materials Processing in Relation to Earth and Space Solidification (IMPRESS) project, a solidification experiment was conducted on a Ti-45.5at.%Al-8at.%Nb intermetallic alloy in a module on this rocket. The experiment was designed to investigate columnar and equiaxed microstructures in the alloy. A furnace model of the MAXUS 8 experiment with a Front Tracking Model of solidification has been developed to determine the macrostructure and thermal history of the samples in the experiment. This paper gives details of results of the front tracking model applied to the MAXUS 8 microgravity experiment. A model for columnar growth is presented and compared to experimental results for furnace A of the experiment module