Phasing the Kastro: Abandonment and the Archaeological Record

While the processes of settlement abandonment have been a topic of long-standing interest to anthropologists and archaeologists working in the American Southwest, their implications are seldom acknowledged by Aegeanists. On the Kastro in East Crete, a settlement inhabited from Late Minoan IIIC into the Archaic period, variations in artifact type, size, and distribution across the site have not been adequately explained, but may now be reassessed with respect to abandonment processes. Recognition of these processes affects the interpretation of remains associated with both abandonment and deposition resulting from nonabandonment behavior, and also provides criteria for phasing

The Development of a Domestic Architectural Unit Throughout the Early Iron Age: The Northwest Building on the Kastro, East Crete

The Northwest Building is unique among the excavated remains on the Kastro at Kavousi, and perhaps in the archaeological record for the Early Iron Age in all of Greece. Here, the development of an insular architectural unit can be traced continuously throughout the duration of the Early Iron Age, that is, from the beginning of Late Minoan IIIC into the Archaic period

Present day views of asthma: with special reference to etiology and treatment and including an analysis of 117 cases

1. Asthma is a comparatively common disease in British Guiana. 2. Clinically, asthma can be divided into two types, one termed primary for convenience and in which there is usually a family history of asthma, hay fever or allergic manifestations such as eczema, urticaria, cyclic vomiting or migraine. This type usually begins in childhood. The other, termed "secondary ", usually follows some respiratory affection e.g. measles, whooping cough, bronchitis or pneumonia and usually starts in later life. Oriel and Knott have found in these two types (38) (39) biochemical differences which tend to support this clinical differentiation. 3. In the diagnosis and treatment of the condition, Ascaris lumbricoides infection must be kept in mind and stool examination for eggs of this helminth should be practised as a routine in all cases of asthma in the tropics if only to exclude this condition. 4. A number of factors probably operate in the production of this malady. The one constant factor appears to be an inherited diathesis or predisposition, though in some cases this predisposition may be acquired. Other factors such as allergy, toxaemia, reflex irritation, psychical disturbances, biochemical changes and endocrine disturbances all may play their role in the production of this distressing disease. Only time and experience will determine the relative merits of each. 5. Early treatment is of the greatest importance. 6. No one treatment is applicable to every case of asthma. Each case requires thorough investigation and individual treatment. 7. The most successful form of therapy is by elimination, when applicable. 8. If the specific cause cannot be eliminated or avoided, specific desensitisation should be attempted. 9. If the specific cause cannot be determined, recourse must be had to non-specific desensitisation with peptone, milk, tuberculin or vaccines. It is always worth while trying different forms of treatment since in many cases where one form of therapy fails another may succeed. 10. Psycho-analysis and endocrine therapy may be indicated in individual cases. 11. In adults, arsenic in the form of neo-arsenobillon intravenously the author has found of benefit and often succeeds where other methods of treatment fail

A Comparison of the High-Frequency Magnetic Fluctuations in Insulating and Superconducting La2-xSrxCuO4

Inelastic neutron scattering performed at a spallation source is used to make absolute measurements of the dynamic susceptibility of insulating La2CuO4 and superconducting La2-xSrxCuO4 over the energy range 15<EN<350 meV. The effect of Sr doping on the magnetic excitations is to cause a large broadening in wavevector and a substantial change in the spectrum of the local spin fluctuations. Comparison of the two compositions reveals a new energy scale of 22 meV in La1.86Sr0.14CuO4.Comment: RevTex, 7 Pages, 4 postscript figure

A Survey of Activity-Based Costing (ABC) Practices within the Department of the Army

Activity-Based Costing (ABC) does not appear to have been as readily accepted within the Department of the Army as within private industry (Kehoe et al., 1995). Barely able to accomplish their missions at current resource levels, military resource managers know historically that identified efficiencies and savings often are translated into self inflicted budget and manpower cuts. Yet, it is almost universally accepted that the benefits of using Activity-Based Costing are real and obtainable, but not yet worth the effort required with the perceived risk being taken. Current conventional wisdom is for Army Resource Managers to wait and see what benefits and fates come to those who pioneer ABC. The US Army Cost and Economic Analysis Center (CEAC) had been charged with the role of establishing policy for ABC within the Army. Wanting to base policy on successful applications, their first task is to define Army ABC, and then to find such initiatives from which to draw from. The purpose of this thesis is to find Activity-Based Costing practices within the US Army, and then to use them to discover the major dimensions of ABC in the Army environment. This research found that the home of Activity-Based Costing is in the Army Major Commands and their subcommands. Within these commands there is much interest in ABC, but efforts are stymied by lack of policy and widespread knowledge of ABC principles. Training is perceived not as individual, but as an organizational need. Base Operations was identified as the area most suitable for ABC, while combat units the least. Overall ABC is generally considered to be a positive tool which can be employed to help leadership better manage their operations and resources

Observation of Magnetic Order in a YBa2Cu3O6.6{\rm YBa_2Cu_3O_{6.6}} Superconductor

Polarized beam neutron scattering measurements on a highly perfect crystal of ${\rm YBa_2Cu_3O_{6.6}}$ show a distinct magnetic transition with an onset at about 235K, the temperature expected for the pseudogap transition. The moment is found to be about 0.1 $\mu_B$ for each sublattice and have a correlation length of at least 75 \AA. We found the critical exponent for the magnetic neutron intensity to be 2$\beta$ =0.37$\pm$ 0.12. This is the proper range for the class of transition that has no specific heat divergence possibly explaining why none is found at the pseudogap transition.Comment: 3 figure

Observation of Magnetic Moments in the Superconducting State of YBa2_2Cu3_3O6.6_{6.6}

Neutron Scattering measurements for YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.6}$ have identified small magnetic moments that increase in strength as the temperature is reduced below $T^\ast$ and further increase below $T_c$. An analysis of the data shows the moments are antiferromagnetic between the Cu-O planes with a correlation length of longer than 195 \AA in the $a$-$b$ plane and about 35 \AA along the c-axis. The origin of the moments is unknown, and their properties are discusssed both in terms of Cu spin magnetism and orbital bond currents.Comment: 9 pages, and 4 figure

Magnetic Order in YBa2_2Cu3_3O6+x_{6+x} Superconductors

Polarized and unpolarized neutron diffraction has been used to search for magnetic order in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$ superconductors. Most of the measurements were made on a high quality crystal of YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.6}$. It is shown that this crystal has highly ordered ortho-II chain order, and a sharp superconducting transition. Inelastic scattering measurements display a very clean spin-gap and pseudogap with any intensity at 10 meV being 50 times smaller than the resonance intensity. The crystal shows a complicated magnetic order that appears to have three components. A magnetic phase is found at high temperatures that seems to stem from an impurity with a moment that is in the $a$-$b$ plane, but disordered on the crystal lattice. A second ordering occurs near the pseudogap temperature that has a shorter correlation length than the high temperature phase and a moment direction that is at least partly along the c-axis of the crystal. Its moment direction, temperature dependence, and Bragg intensities suggest that it may stem from orbital ordering of the $d$-density wave (DDW) type. An additional intensity increase occurs below the superconducting transition. The magnetic intensity in these phases does not change noticeably in a 7 Tesla magnetic field aligned approximately along the c-axis. Searches for magnetic order in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7}$ show no signal while a small magnetic intensity is found in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.45}$ that is consistent with c-axis directed magnetic order. The results are contrasted with other recent neutron measurements.Comment: 11 pages with 10 figure