Chondrogenic hMSCs in alginate beads in an NMR tube.

<p>Chondrogenic hMSCs in alginate beads in an NMR tube.</p

Changes in levels of non-fatty acid metabolites during chondrogenesis.

<p>Changes in levels of non-fatty acid metabolites during chondrogenesis.</p

One-way ANOVA of cell metabolites according to duration of chondrogenic differentiation.

<p>(a) Fatty acid 1, Tukey’s <i>posteriori</i> test; fatty acid 2, Dunnett’s T3 <i>posteriori</i> test. Statistical tests were performed for both the first and second hMSC chondrogenic differentiation experiments. (b) Alanine, GABA and glutamate. Tukey’s <i>posteriori</i> tests; *<i>p</i> < 0.05.</p

Variation of cell density per alginate bead during chondrogenesis.

<p>Variation of cell density per alginate bead during chondrogenesis.</p

Fatty acid changes during chondrogenesis.

<p>Fatty acid changes during chondrogenesis.</p

NMR spectrum of alginate beads without cells.

<p>NMR spectrum of alginate beads without cells.</p

3D perspective of NMR spectra of chondrogenic hMSCs cultured on alginate beads.

<p>3D perspective of NMR spectra of chondrogenic hMSCs cultured on alginate beads.</p

NMR spectrum changes of hMSCs according to cell density.

<p>NMR spectrum changes of hMSCs according to cell density.</p