Cross-lingual Linking on the Multilingual Web of Data (position statement)

Recently, the Semantic Web has experienced signi�cant advancements in standards and techniques, as well as in the amount of semantic information available online. Even so, mechanisms are still needed to automatically reconcile semantic information when it is expressed in di�erent natural languages, so that access to Web information across language barriers can be improved. That requires developing techniques for discovering and representing cross-lingual links on the Web of Data. In this paper we explore the different dimensions of such a problem and reflect on possible avenues of research on that topic

Estudio metafórico de tres “pecados capitales”: la lujuria, la envidia y la ira

Muchas son ya las investigaciones en lingüística cognitiva (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980; Kövecses, 1986; Lakoff, 1987; Roldán, 1999; Deignan, 2005) que afirman que las metáforas no son sólo figuras retóricas, sino que impregnan nuestra vida diaria, y no están presentes tan sólo en el lenguaje, sino que dominan nuestro pensamiento y forma de actuar. En algo tan cotidiano como son las emociones recurrimos a la metáfora para expresar lo que sentimos, aunque en algunos casos éstas están tan lexicalizadas que no somos conscientes de su uso. Este trabajo de investigación se centra en el análisis metafórico de tres emociones negativas, la lujuria, la envidia y la ira, tres emociones incluidas en el grupo de los llamados “pecados capitales”. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la estructura conceptual que subyace a dichas emociones tomando como base la Teoría Conceptual de la Metáfora, teoría que desarrollan Lakoff y Johnson en su obra Metaphors We Live By (1980) y que ha sido de gran relevancia para el estudio del pensamiento y del lenguaje metafóricos (Deignan, 2005). La hipótesis de la que parte este estudio es que las emociones negativas de la envidia, la ira y la lujuria se sustentan en metáforas expresadas mediante verbos de acción realizados por seres vivos o fuerzas externas. Para confirmar esta hipótesis se parte del análisis lingüístico del uso de dichas emociones en el Corpus de Referencia del Español Actual (CREA) de la Real Academia de la Lengua

Enriching Ontologies with Multilingual Information

Multilinguality in ontologies has become an impending need for institutions worldwide that have to deal with data and linguistic resources in different natural languages. Since most ontologies are developed in one language, obtaining multilingual ontologies implies to localize or adapt them to a concrete language and culture community. As the adaptation of the ontology conceptualization demands considerable efforts, we propose to modify the ontology terminological layer by associating an external repository of linguistic data to the ontology. With this aim we provide a model called Linguistic Information Repository (LIR) that associated to the ontology meta-model allows terminological layer localization

La probabilidad y la música a través del diseño de una unidad didáctica

El presente trabajo tiene la finalidad de relacionar a la probabilidad con la música, a través del diseño de una secuencia didáctica para hacer que el alumno sea reflexivo, desarrolle habilidades que son señaladas en el modelo educativo del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (2004), como la observación, percepción, operatorias, entre otras. Para la construcción de la unidad didáctica nos basamos en los estudios realizados por Diennes, (1970). Se trabajó la teoría de la probabilidad a través de lo que denominamos como El Juego de dados Musical de Mozart (1777). Se presentan resultados preliminares después de haberla puesto en práctica con estudiantes de nivel superior de la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas. Fueron 35 estudiantes de un grupo de tercer semestre que llevaban la materia de Probabilidad en una Escuela Superior de la Ciudad de México

Aspectos cognitivos y actitudinales mostrados por estudiantes de ingeniería al resolver una situación sobre variación: un análisis cuantitativo

En este documento se muestran los resultados del análisis cuantitativo de las respuestas de estudiantes que cursan el 1º y el 3er semestre de ingeniería en sistemas computacionales, ante un problema sobre el concepto de variación en el contexto de la física, en donde se pretenden revisar los conocimientos y actitudes que muestran los estudiantes para identificar oportunidades de aprendizaje cercanos a su futura práctica profesional. Esta situación en contexto se presentó en una página web, a través de la cual se pudieron revisar las respuestas dadas por los alumnos, mediante su clasificación en categorías y la elaboración de gráficas. Los resultados del análisis de los datos muestran que para los alumnos, el contexto de la ciencia representa un obstáculo en la resolución de problemas y al mismo tiempo una oportunidad de aprendizaje

Impact of standards in European open data catalogues: a multilingual perspective of DCAT

Within the European Union, member states are setting up official data catalogues as entry points to access PSI (Public Sector Information). In this context, it is important to describe the metadata of these data portals, i.e., of data catalogs, and allow for interoperability among them. To tackle these issues, the Government Linked Data Working Group developed DCAT (Data Catalog Vocabulary), an RDF vocabulary for describing the metadata of data catalogs. This topic report analyzes the current use of the DCAT vocabulary in several European data catalogs and proposes some recommendations to deal with an inconsistent use of the metadata across countries. The enrichment of such metadata vocabularies with multilingual descriptions, as well as an account for cultural divergences, is seen as a necessary step to guarantee interoperability and ensure wider adoption

Introduction to the special issue on cross-language algorithms and applications

With the increasingly global nature of our everyday interactions, the need for multilingual technologies to support efficient and efective information access and communication cannot be overemphasized. Computational modeling of language has been the focus of Natural Language Processing, a subdiscipline of Artificial Intelligence. One of the current challenges for this discipline is to design methodologies and algorithms that are cross-language in order to create multilingual technologies rapidly. The goal of this JAIR special issue on Cross-Language Algorithms and Applications (CLAA) is to present leading research in this area, with emphasis on developing unifying themes that could lead to the development of the science of multi- and cross-lingualism. In this introduction, we provide the reader with the motivation for this special issue and summarize the contributions of the papers that have been included. The selected papers cover a broad range of cross-lingual technologies including machine translation, domain and language adaptation for sentiment analysis, cross-language lexical resources, dependency parsing, information retrieval and knowledge representation. We anticipate that this special issue will serve as an invaluable resource for researchers interested in topics of cross-lingual natural language processing.Postprint (published version

Some reflections on the IT challenges for a multilingual semantic web

Many attempts have been made to provide multilinguality to the Semantic Web, by means of annotation properties in Natural Language (NL), such as RDFs or SKOS labels, and other lexicon-ontology models, such as lemon, but there are still many issues to be solved if we want to have a truly accessible Multilingual Semantic Web (MSW). Reusability of monolingual resources (ontologies, lexicons, etc.), accessibility of multilingual resources hindered by many formats, reliability of ontological sources, disambiguation problems and multilingual presentation to the end user of all this information in NL can be mentioned as some of the most relevant problems. Unless this NL presentation is achieved, MSW will be restricted to the limits of IT experts, but even so, with great dissatisfaction and disenchantmen

Using natural language patterns for the development of ontologies

The combination of certain linguistic units that recurrently appear in text genres has attracted the attention of many researchers in several domains, as they can provide valuable information about different types of relations. In this paper, the focus will be on some of these combinatory units, referred to as Lexico-Syntactic Patterns (LSPs) that provide information about conceptual relations. The aim of this research is to detect recurrent patterns that express some of the most common conceptual relations present in ontologies. The purpose of this paper is to present the different strategies we have followed to identify LSPs which correspond to some of the main ontological relations, as well as an excerpt of the repository of LSPs that is currently being built

Integrating WordNet and Wiktionary with lemon

Nowadays, there is a significant quantity of linguistic data available on the Web. However, linguistic resources are often published using proprietary formats and, as such, it can be difficult to interface with one another and they end up confined in “data silos”. The creation of web standards for the publishing of data on the Web and projects to create Linked Data have lead to interest in the creation of resources that can be published using Web principles. One of the most important aspects of “Lexical Linked Data” is the sharing of lexica and machine readable dictionaries. It is for this reason, that the lemon format has been proposed, which we briefly describe. We then consider two resources that seem ideal candidates for the Linked Data cloud, namely WordNet 3.0 and Wiktionary, a large document based dictionary. We discuss the challenges of converting both resources to lemon , and in particular for Wiktionary, the challenge of processing the mark-up, and handling inconsistencies and underspecification in the source material. Finally, we turn to the task of creating links between the two resources and present a novel algorithm for linking lexica as lexical Linked Data