Bio-organic Alternatives for Propagation of Psidium Guajava (L.) through Stem Cuttings

The aim of this study was to use different stimulators for guajabo propagation using stem cuttings in semi-controlled conditions, on "La Nueva Esperanza" farm, run by "Renato Guitart" Strengthened Cooperative of Credits and Services, in the municipality of Camaguey, Cuba, between February and May, 2016. A chamber with zeolite substrate (1 - 3 mm diameter) was used for propagation, whereas irrigation was scheduled and localized. A completely randomized design was used for evaluation, with 6 treatments and 3 replicas. The number of plants with buds, plants with roots, leaves, and live plants achieved, were evaluated. Simple variance analysis (SSPS version 11.5.) was performed, and the means were compared according to the Duncan´s test (p:0.05). The bio-organic alternatives applied were efficient in stimulating the physiological mechanisms for plantlet growth. The best phenological behavior was observed in treatments with the natural liquid humus plus indoleacetic acid, the natural liquid humus plus phosphoric acid, and the fortified liquid humus.&nbsp

La conservación de los suelos en la subcuenca hidrográfica Santa Cruz.

La investigación se realiza en la subcuenca hidrográfica Santa Cruz perteneciente a la cuenca Máximo, estando ubicada al noreste de la ciudad de Camagüey, ocupando una superficie de 8 460.80 ha, habiéndose  caracterizado los factores ambientales (agua, clima, vegetación, suelo, etc.) los cuales permitieron detectar la problemática ambiental del área estudiada, entre ellos la deforestación, el manejo inadecuado de los suelos, la incidencia de la sequía, la pérdida de la biodiversidad, también el factor antropogénico es evidente en la subcuenca ,por todo lo antes expuesto se detectan suelos con procesos erosivos y en algunos lugares la existencia de cárcavas principalmente pequeñas asociadas a las corrientes superficiales; por consiguiente, se establecieron áreas demostrativas para la aplicación de un conjunto de medidas conservacionistas para atenuar la degradación de los suelos validándose los resultados con el incremento de los rendimientos agrícolas en el cultivo del plátano y el boniato en más de un 10 %, lográndose una ganancia de 2 186.60 $/ha y 1 166.23$/ha respectivamente, para mitigar la degradación de la subcuenca se propone un conjunto de medidas a corto, mediano y largo plazo  permitirá paulatinamente la recuperación ambiental del territorio estudiado

Effect of Bio-Organic Alternatives in the Agronomic Response of Onion on Los Angeles Farm

Context: Onion (Allium cepa L.) is an edible bulb that ranks, as a green vegetable, third in terms of harvested area. In general terms, world production of this crop is made intensively, with a broad application of agrochemicals, which threatens agricultural sustainability, health, and protection of the environment. Aim: To evaluate the effect of bio-organic alternatives in the agronomic response of onion. Methods: A randomized block experimental design with seven treatments was used (absolute control and samples with natural liquid humus, improved liquid humus, fortified liquid humus, fortified liquid humus, plus Phosphoric inducer BayFolan Forte, FitoMas E), and four repetitions. The treatments were made every seven days, starting seven days after the plantation of bulbs. Plant height, pseudostem thickness, leaf number, bulb diameter, and crop yield were the indicators evaluated. The main economic indicators of each treatment were determined. Costs, income, profit, and economic effect were calculated. Results: The results show the positive effect of the morphophysiological and yield indicators related to the application of different bio-organic alternatives. The study produced greater profits than the control. Conclusions: The application of bio-organic alternatives showed a positive effect on the morphophysiological and yield indicators evaluated. The fortified liquid humus plus the phosphoric inducer showed the best results, producing the highest profits in the financial assessment

Application of Bio-stimulants in Banana Vitroplant Production (Musa sp.)

This research took place between February and April 2016, at the Center of Vitroplant Acclimatization of the Bio factory run by the Seed Company of Camaguey, in order to apply different bio-stimulants and evaluate the growth indicators observed during implementation of bio-organic alternatives to banana (Musa sp.) vitroplant production Polyethylene bags were used in the experiment, and the substrate contained 50% humus and 50% compost. The FHIA-03 variety was planted, following a completely randomized design with four treatments and four replicas. Natural Liquid Humus (NLH), Improved Liquid Humus (ILH), and Fortified Liquid Humus (FLH) were used as bio-organic products. Plant size, stem thickness, and leaf quantity were measured. All the data were statistically processed through simple variance analysis (ANOVA) to determine the significant differences. The Duncan multiple range test (P≤0.05), with 95% significance, was used for comparison of means. Data variance analysis was performed by SSPS, version 11.5.1, for Windows. The Duncan multiple range test (p:0.05) was performed when significant differences were observed. The application of bio-organic products containing FLH produced the highest benefits to crops for the indicators evaluated. 

Alternativas bioorgánicas en la multiplicación por esquejes de Psidium guajava (L.)

Con  el objetivo,  de emplear diferentes estimuladores para la reproducción del guayabo por esquejes en condiciones semicontroladas, la investigación se realizó en la finca la Nueva Esperanza, perteneciente a la Cooperativa de Créditos y Servicios Fortalecida Renato Guitart del municipio Camagüey, en el período comprendido de febrero a mayo del 2016. Se contó con una cámara para la reproducción de posturas del guayabo por esquejes, la cual posee riego por microjet programado; el soporte utilizado es la zeolita con diámetro de 1 a 3 mm, empleándose un diseño completamente aleatorizado con 6 tratamientos y 3 repeticiones cada uno. Se realizó la evaluación de plantas con gemas y sin gemas, plantas con raíces, número de hojas y plantas vivas en el cultivo de la guayaba. Para el análisis estadístico, se utilizó el SSPS versión 11.5.1 con análisis de varianza de clasificación simple, aplicando los rangos múltiples de Duncan para un nivel de significación de 0,05 %. Las alternativas bioorgánicas empleadas, determinaron eficiencia positiva en los mecanismos fisiológicos en el desarrollo de las plántulas, los tratamientos que mejor comportamiento fenológico fueron el humus líquido natural más ácido indolacético, humus líquido natural más ácido fosfórico y el humus líquido fortificado. ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to use different stimulators for guajabo scion-propagation in semi-controlled conditions, on "La Nueva Esperanza" farm, run by "Renato Guitart" Strengthened Cooperative of Credits and Services, in the municipality of Camaguey, Cuba, between February and May, 2016. A chamber for scion propagation with zeolite substrate (1 - 3 mm diameter) was used, irrigation was programmed and localized. A completely randomized design was used for evaluation, with 6 treatments and 3 replicas. The number of plants with buds, plants with roots, leaves, and live plants achieved, were evaluated. Simple variance analysis (SSPS version 11.5.) was performed, and the means were compared according to Duncan´s test (p:0.05). The bio-organic alternatives applied produced positive efficiency values in the physiological mechanisms of plantlet growth. The best phenological behavior was observed in treatments with the natural liquid humus plus indoleacetic acid, the natural liquid humus plus phosphoric acid, and the fortified liquid humus.&nbsp

Alternativas bioorgánicas en la multiplicación por esquejes de Psidium guajava (L.)

Con el objetivo, de emplear diferentes estimuladores para la reproducción del guayabo por esquejes en condiciones semicontroladas, la investigación se realizó en la finca la Nueva Esperanza, perteneciente a la Cooperativa de Créditos y Servicios Fortalecida Renato Guitart del municipio Camagüey, en el período comprendido de febrero a mayo del 2016. Se contó con una cámara para la reproducción de posturas del guayabo por esquejes, la cual posee riego por microjet programado; el soporte utilizado es la zeolita con diámetro de 1 a 3 mm, empleándose un diseño completamente aleatorizado con 6 tratamientos y 3 repeticiones cada uno. Se realizó la evaluación de plantas con gemas y sin gemas, plantas con raíces, número de hojas y plantas vivas en el cultivo de la guayaba. Para el análisis estadístico, se utilizó el SSPS versión 11.5.1 con análisis de varianza de clasificación simple, aplicando los rangos múltiples de Duncan para un nivel de significación de 0,05 %. Las alternativas bioorgánicas empleadas, determinaron eficiencia positiva en los mecanismos fisiológicos en el desarrollo de las plántulas, los tratamientos que mejor comportamiento fenológico fueron el humus líquido natural más ácido indolacético, humus líquido natural más ácido fosfórico y el humus líquido fortificado

Aplicación de bioestimulantes a vitroplantas de plátano (Musa sp. )

La investigación se realizó durante los meses de febrero - abril del 2016, en áreas del Centro de Aclimatación de vitroplantas de la Biofábrica, perteneciente a la Empresa de Semillas de Camagüey, con el objetivo de aplicar diferentes bioestimulantes y evaluar los indicadores de crecimiento que provengan de las aplicaciones de las alternativas bioorgánicas en el cultivo de vitroplantas de Plátano (Musa sp.). Para la realización del experimento se utilizaron bolsas de polietileno y el sustrato que se utilizó como soporte de las plantas estuvo conformado por un 50% de humus de lombriz y 50% de compost, se sembró la variedad FHIA-03, utilizándose un diseño completamente aleatorizado con cuatro tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Se emplearon el humus líquido natural (HLN), el humus líquido mejorado (HLM) y el humus líquido fortificado (HLF), como productos bio orgánicos, y se midió la altura de las plantas, grosor del tallo y el número de hojas. Los datos se sometieron al análisis de varianza mediante el paquete estadístico SSPS Versión 11.5.1 para Windows, y en el caso de  diferencias significativas se aplicó la prueba de rango múltiple de Duncan (p:0,05). La aplicación de los productos bio orgánicos compuestos por HLF logró los mayores beneficios para el cultivo en los indicadores evaluados.ABSTRACTThis research took place between February and April 2016, at the Center of Vitroplant Acclimatization of the Bio factory run by the Seed Company of Camaguey, in order to apply different bio-stimulants and evaluate the growth indicators observed during implementation of bio-organic alternatives to banana (Musa sp.) vitroplant production Polyethylene bags were used in the experiment, and the substrate contained 50% humus and 50% compost. The FHIA-03 variety was planted, following a completely randomized design with four treatments and four replicas. Natural Liquid Humus (NLH), Improved Liquid Humus (ILH), and Fortified Liquid Humus (FLH) were used as bio-organic products. Plant size, stem thickness, and leaf quantity were measured. All the data were statistically processed through simple variance analysis (ANOVA) to determine the significant differences. The Duncan multiple range test (P≤0.05), with 95% significance, was used for comparison of means. Data variance analysis was performed by SSPS, version 11.5.1, for Windows. The Duncan multiple range test (p:0.05) was performed when significant differences were observed. The application of bio-organic products containing FLH produced the highest benefits to crops for the indicators evaluated. 

Efecto de alternativas bioorgánicas en la respuesta agronómica del cultivo de la cebolla en la finca Los Ángeles

Background: The onion (Allium cepa L.) is an edible bulb that occupies, as a vegetable, the third place in terms of harvested area, in general, the global agricultural productions of this crop are carried out intensively, with large applications of agrochemicals which puts agricultural sustainability, health and environmental care at risk. Objective: With the objective of evaluating the effect of bioorganic alternatives on the agronomic response of onion cultivation. Methods: An experimental design of a randomized block with seven treatments was used (absolute control and samples with application of Natural Liquid Humus, Improved Liquid Humus, Fortified Liquid Humus, Fortified Liquid Humus plus Phosphoric Inductor, BayFolan Forte, FitoMas E) and four replicas They were carried out with a frequency of seven days from the seven days after the sowing of the bulbs, the indicators being evaluated the height of the plant, thickness of the pseudo total, number of leaves, diameter of the bulb, and agricultural yield. The fundamental economic indicators in each of the treatments were determined. Calculating expenses, income, profit and economic effect Results: The results show in the morphophysiological and performance indicators the positive effect of the application of different bioorganic alternatives. As well as greater economic gains with respect to the witness. Conclusions: The application of bioorganic alternatives showed a positive effect on the morphophysiological and performance indicators evaluated. The strengthened liquid humus plus phosphoric inducer achieved the best results, this being the one with the highest gain in the economic valuation.Contexto: La cebolla (Allium cepa L.) es un bulbo comestible que ocupa, como hortaliza, el tercer lugar en términos de superficie cosechada, de manera general, las producciones agrícolas mundiales de este cultivo se realizan de forma intensiva, con grandes aplicaciones de agroquímicos lo cual pone en riesgo la sostenibilidad agrícola, la salud y el cuidado del medio ambiente. Objetivo: Con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de alternativas bioorgánicas en la respuesta agronómica del cultivo de la cebolla. Métodos: Se utilizó un diseño experimental de un bloque al azar con siete tratamientos (testigo absoluto y muestras con aplicación de Humus Líquido Natural, Humus Líquido Mejorado, Humus Líquido Fortificado, Humus Líquido Fortificado más Inductor Fosfórico, BayFolan Forte, FitoMas E) y cuatro réplicas. Se realizaron con una frecuencia de siete días a partir de los sietes días posteriores a la siembra de los bulbillos, siendo los indicadores evaluados la altura de la planta, grosor del pseudotallo, número de hojas, diámetro del bulbo, y rendimiento agrícola. Se determinaron los indicadores económicos fundamentales en cada uno de los tratamientos. Calculando los gastos, los ingresos, ganancia y el efecto económico Resultados: Los resultados muestran en los indicadores morfofisiológicos y de rendimiento el efecto positivo de la aplicación de diferentes alternativas bioorgánicas. Así como mayores ganancias económicas con respecto al testigo. Conclusiones: La aplicación de alternativas bioorgánicas mostró un efecto positivo en los indicadores morfofisiológicos y de rendimiento evaluados. El humus líquido fortalecido más inductor fosfórico alcanzó los mejores resultados, siendo este el de mayor ganancia en la valoración económica

Bio-organic Alternatives for Propagation of Psidium Guajava (L.) through Stem Cuttings

The aim of this study was to use different stimulators for guajabo propagation using stem cuttings in semi-controlled conditions, on "La Nueva Esperanza" farm, run by "Renato Guitart" Strengthened Cooperative of Credits and Services, in the municipality of Camaguey, Cuba, between February and May, 2016. A chamber with zeolite substrate (1 - 3 mm diameter) was used for propagation, whereas irrigation was scheduled and localized. A completely randomized design was used for evaluation, with 6 treatments and 3 replicas. The number of plants with buds, plants with roots, leaves, and live plants achieved, were evaluated. Simple variance analysis (SSPS version 11.5.) was performed, and the means were compared according to the Duncan´s test (p:0.05). The bio-organic alternatives applied were efficient in stimulating the physiological mechanisms for plantlet growth. The best phenological behavior was observed in treatments with the natural liquid humus plus indoleacetic acid, the natural liquid humus plus phosphoric acid, and the fortified liquid humus

Bioorganic Nutritional Alternatives in Carrots (Daucus carota var. sativa), under Intensive Gardening

Context: One oftoday´s challenges is to provide food to all inhabitants, taking into account the growth of global population, especially into the cities. Accordingly, the urban farming systems are important, as they offer a real solution in face of the people’s demands. Objective: To compare different bioorganic nutritional alternatives and their influence on growth and yield indicators in carrots (Daucus carota var. sativa). Methods: This research was done at Ernesto Che Guevara intensive green garden (UEB No. 2), from the Agricultural Company of Esmeralda municipality, between December 2016 and March 2017, on non-gley plastic dark soil with high fertility. A completely randomized experimental design was applied, with five treatments and three replicas, the indicators evaluated were plant height, root length, and yield. Results: The best agronomic indicators were achieved in the treatments based on fortified liquid humus enriched with boron, calcium, and zinc, which did not differ among them, but were different from the natural liquid humus, and the control. The fortified liquid humus produced the highest yields and the best economic results. Conclusions: A favorable response was observed to bioorganic alternatives in terms of plant growth and yields. The fortified liquid humus had the best economic effect, with a remarkable increase in revenues, compared to the control