Mercapturate Pathway in the Tubulocentric Perspective of Diabetic Kidney Disease

BACKGROUND: The recent growing evidence that the proximal tubule underlies the early pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is unveiling novel and promising perspectives. This pathophysiological concept links tubulointerstitial oxidative stress, inflammation, hypoxia, and fibrosis with the progression of DKD. In this new angle for DKD, the prevailing molecular mechanisms on proximal tubular cells emerge as an innovative opportunity for prevention and management of DKD as well as to improve diabetic dysmetabolism. SUMMARY: The mercapturate pathway (MAP) is a classical metabolic detoxification route for xenobiotics that is emerging as an integrative circuitry detrimental to resolve tubular inflammation caused by endogenous electrophilic species. Herein we review why and how it might underlie DKD. Key Messages: MAP is a hallmark of proximal tubular cell function, and cysteine-S-conjugates might represent targets for early intervention in DKD. Moreover, the biomonitoring of urinary mercapturates from metabolic inflammation products might be relevant for the implementation of preventive/management strategies in DKD.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Ferromagnetic Ga₁ˍₓ Mnₓ As produced by ion implantation and pulsed-laser melting

We demonstrate the formation of ferromagneticGa₁ˍₓMnₓAsfilms by Mn ion implantation into GaAs followed by pulsed-laser melting. Irradiation with a single excimer laser pulse results in the epitaxial regrowth of the implanted layer with Mn substitutional fraction up to 80% and effective Curie temperature up to 29 K for samples with a maximum Mn concentration of x≈0.03. A remanent magnetization persisting above 85 K has been observed for samples with x≈0.10, in which 40% of the Mn resides on substitutional lattice sites. We find that the ferromagnetism in Ga₁ˍₓMnₓAs is rather robust to the presence of structural defects.The work at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098. The work at Harvard was supported by NASA Grant No. NAG8-1680. One of the authors ~M.A.S.! acknowledges support from an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship

Molecules in external fields: a semiclassical analysis

We undertake a semiclassical analysis of the spectral properties (modulations of photoabsorption spectra, energy level statistics) of a simple Rydberg molecule in static fields within the framework of Closed-Orbit/Periodic-Orbit theories. We conclude that in addition to the usual classically allowed orbits one must consider classically forbidden diffractive paths. Further, the molecule brings in a new type of 'inelastic' diffractive trajectory, different from the usual 'elastic' diffractive orbits encountered in previous studies of atomic and analogous systems such as billiards with point-scatterers. The relative importance of inelastic versus elastic diffraction is quantified by merging the usual Closed Orbit theory framework with molecular quantum defect theory.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Carbon stock measurement to evaluate ecosystem service from carbon sequestration.

The aim of this study is to establish parameters to evaluate ecosystem service from carbon sequestration of the actions supported by the Sustainable Rural Development Program in watersheds of the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil – Rio-Rural

Análise do mercado paraense de mel no período de 1995 a 2010.

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a situação do mercado de mel mundial e a nível brasileiro, mais especificamente do Estado do Pará. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados secundários das bases estatísticas do IBGE e FAO. Os resultados mostraram que a China ainda é a principal produtora do mel in natura, possuindo grande influência nos preços no mercado mundial apícola, e o Brasil, em 2010, aparece em 10º lugar no ranking de produção. No aspecto produtivo brasileiro, a região norte participa de uma pequena escala da produção, tendo como principal Estado produtor o Pará. Depois de utilizar a metodologia dos mínimos quadrados como ferramenta econométrica para o cálculo da demanda paraense de mel in natura, obteve-se a proporção da quantidade demandada de mel em relação ao seu preço e à renda per capita paraense

Attention deficits predict phenotypic outcomes in syndrome-specific and domain-specific ways

Attentional difficulties, both at home and in the classroom, are reported across a number of neurodevelopmental disorders. However, exactly how attention influences early socio-cognitive learning remains unclear. We addressed this question both concurrently and longitudinally in a cross-syndrome design, with respect to the communicative domain of vocabulary and to the cognitive domain of early literacy, and then extended the analysis to social behavior. Participants were young children (aged 4–9 years at Time 1) with either Williams syndrome (WS, N = 26) or Down syndrome (DS, N = 26) and typically developing controls (N = 103). Children with WS displayed significantly greater attentional deficits (as indexed by teacher report of behavior typical of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) than children with DS, but both groups had greater attentional problems than the controls. Despite their attention differences, children with DS and those with WS were equivalent in their cognitive abilities of reading single words, both at Time 1 and 12 months later, at Time 2, although they differed in their early communicative abilities in terms of vocabulary. Greater ADHD-like behaviors predicted poorer subsequent literacy for children with DS, but not for children with WS, pointing to syndrome-specific attentional constraints on specific aspects of early development. Overall, our findings highlight the need to investigate more precisely whether and, if so, how, syndrome-specific profiles of behavioral difficulties constrain learning and socio-cognitive outcomes across different domains

Integração grande empresa e pequenos produtores de dendezeiro: o caso da comunidade de Arauaí, município de Moju, Pará.

O estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos socioeconômicos e ambientais do programa de investimentos no plantio de dendezeiro de pequenos produtores integrados com a Agropalma, especificamente, em relação a renda e a qualidade de vida. Os produtores fazem parte da Comunidade do Arauaí, município de Moju, estado do Pará, sendo os plantios iniciados em 2002. Os resultados encontrados evidenciam um forte grau de satisfação dos pequenos produtores que plantam dendezeiro em parceria com a Agropalma, adotando as boas práticas produtivas. Houve, também, melhoria dos bens duráveis dos pequenos produtores que cultivam o dendezeiro em relação ao passado e os que não cultivam ao redor. O cultivo do dendezeiro pelos pequenos produtores da amostra estudada indica sustentabilidade econômica proporcionando renda satisfatória para garantir o bem estar de suas famílias. Há uma preocupação com relação ao final do ciclo produtivo dos atuais plantios existentes já com meia vida