Calculating Masses of Pentaquarks Composed of Baryons and Mesons

In this paper, we consider an exotic baryon (pentaquark) as a bound state of two-particle systems composed of a baryon (nucleon) and a meson.We used a baryon - meson picture to reduce a complicated five-body problem to a simple two-body problems. The homogeneous Lippmann-Schwinger integral equation is solved in configuration space by using one pion exchange potential. We calculate the masses of pentaquarks $\theta_{c}(uudd\bar{c})$, $\theta_{b}(uudd\bar{b})$.Comment: we need to checked our calculations again for mor confidenc

Lagrange multiplier and Wess-Zumino variable as large extra dimensions in the torus universe

We study the effect of the topology of universe by gauging the non-relativistic particle model on the torus and 3-torus, using the symplectic formalism of constrained systems and embedding those models on extended phase-spaces. Also, we obtain the generators of the gauge transformations for gauged models. Extracting the corresponding Poisson structure of the existed constraints, we show the effect of the topology on the canonical structure of the phase-spaces of those models and suggest some phenomenology to prove the topology of the universe and probable non-commutative structure of the space. In addition, we show that the number of large extra dimensions in the Phase-spaces of the gauged embeded models are exactly two. Moreover, in the classical form, we talk over MOND theory in order to study the origin of the terms appeared in the gauged theory, which modify the Newton's second law.Comment: Major revision: text and contents corrected and recovered thanks to unknown journal referee. Many refs added. Final version which will be published in the journa

Energy Saving and Renewable Energy production at University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran

University of Kashan was founded in 1974 and is the oldest institution of higher education in Kashan. Kashan (33° 58' 59" N / 51° 25' 56" E) climate is classified as a hot and dry by the Köppen-Geiger system. This climate causes a large amount of energy consumption for University at springs and summers. On the other hand, it means that sun is shining strongly for more than 6 months and University of Kashan has been working on some solutions to use solar energy and decrease dependency on the old fossil-fuel energy system. The current paper studies some of the main activities of University of Kashan on Energy Saving and Renewable Energy Production programs such as CCHP plant (The first Combined Cool, Heat, and Power plant in Iran), using solar panels and energy-efficient appliances

Water conservation and water recycling program implementations at University of Kashan

University of Kashan was founded in 1974 and is the oldest institution of higher education in Kashan. At the time of its foundation, only undergraduate courses in Physics and Mathematics were offered. The current activities of the university are classified into four sections of education, research, development, and side activities. The university is located on a 530 hectares campus, 15 kilometres outside of the town with several affiliated centres located near or at city of Kashan, Ghamsar, Niasar and Tehran. Presently, the university has nearly 300 staff and university lecturers and it has about 8200 students, studying in over 180 courses. Kashan University has awarded and certificated one of the most active universities in the Green Management. Some of the activities of Green Management of Kashan University includes, CCHP Plant, Sewerage Disposal, and Water saving policy, natural ventilation, using efficient applicants. The current paper studies some of the main activities of University of Kashan in Water conservation and water recycling programs

Modified Anyonic Particle and Its Fundamental Gauge Symmetries

In this article, we study the possibility of changing a physical degree of freedom of a particle to its quantum spin after quantization is applied. Our approach to do such a survey is increasing the fundamental symmetries of the anyonic particle model with the help of the symplectic formalism of constrained systems. After extracting the corresponding Poisson structure of all constraints, we compare the effect of gauging on the phase spaces, the number of physical degrees of freedom, canonical structures of both primary and gauged models, and the spin of the anyon, in terms of its energy

A Gauged Open 2-Brane String in the p

We make a gauge theory from the Open p-brane system and map it into the Open 2-Brane one. Due to the presence of second-class constraints in this model, we encounter some problems during the procedure of quantization. In this regard, considering boundary conditions as Dirac conditions, one can drive the constrained structure of the model at first. Then, with the help of BFT formalism of constraint systems, the Open 2-Brane model is embedded into an extended phase space. For this purpose, we introduce some tensor fields to convert ungauged theory into the gauged one. This is the novel part of our research, while mostly scalar and vector fields are used to convert second-class constraints into first ones