48 research outputs found
Sensitivity to Anilinopyrimidines and Phenylpyrroles in «Botrytis cinerea» in North-Italian Vineyards
Several commercial vineyards, located in Piedmont (Northern Italy), were monitored in order to evaluate
the sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea Pers., the causal agent of grey mould, to five classes of botryticides: benzimidazoles,
dicarboximides, phenylcarbamates, anilinopyrimidines and phenylpyrroles. Strains of B. cinerea resistant to
anilinopyrimidines were easily detected, particularly in 1999, a year characterized by high disease pressure, even in
vineyards not sprayed with that class of fungicides. Fludioxonil-resistance, on the contrary, was not detected. Resistance
to benzimidazoles and dicarboximides was at previous observed levels. For the first time, resistance to
phenylcarbamates was detected in the field. Strains of B. cinerea showing multiple resistance to benzimidazoles,
dicarboximides and anilinopyrimidines and maintaining a good level of virulence, as shown by tests carried out on
wounded apples, are present in Italian vineyards. Strategies in the use of the botryticides are discussed, in order to
avoid a loss of disease control
RETROSPECTIVE: Corona: System Implications of Emerging Nanophotonic Technology
The 2008 Corona effort was inspired by a pressing need for more of
everything, as demanded by the salient problems of the day. Dennard scaling was
no longer in effect. A lot of computer architecture research was in the
doldrums. Papers often showed incremental subsystem performance improvements,
but at incommensurate cost and complexity. The many-core era was moving
rapidly, and the approach with many simpler cores was at odds with the better
and more complex subsystem publications of the day. Core counts were doubling
every 18 months, while per-pin bandwidth was expected to double, at best, over
the next decade. Memory bandwidth and capacity had to increase to keep pace
with ever more powerful multi-core processors. With increasing core counts per
die, inter-core communication bandwidth and latency became more important. At
the same time, the area and power of electrical networks-on-chip were
increasingly problematic: To be reliably received, any signal that traverses a
wire spanning a full reticle-sized die would need significant equalization,
re-timing, and multiple clock cycles. This additional time, area, and power was
the crux of the concern, and things looked to get worse in the future.
Silicon nanophotonics was of particular interest and seemed to be improving
rapidly. This led us to consider taking advantage of 3D packaging, where one
die in the 3D stack would be a photonic network layer. Our focus was on a
system that could be built about a decade out. Thus, we tried to predict how
the technologies and the system performance requirements would converge in
about 2018. Corona was the result this exercise; now, 15 years later, it's
interesting to look back at the effort.Comment: 2 pages. Proceedings of ISCA-50: 50 years of the International
Symposia on Computer Architecture (selected papers) June 17-21 Orlando,
Florid
The combined perceptron branch predictor.
Abstract. Previous works have shown that neural branch prediction techniques achieve far lower misprediction rate than traditional approaches. We propose a neural predictor based on two perceptron networks: the Combined Perceptron Branch Predictor. The predictor consists of two concurrent perceptron-like neural networks, one using as inputs branch history information, the other one using program counter bits. We carried out experiments proving that this approach provides lower misprediction rate than state-of-the-art conventional and neural predictors. In particular, when compared with an advanced path-based perceptron predictor, it features 12% improvement of the prediction accuracy
A.: Power/performance/thermal design-space exploration for multicore architectures
Abstract—Multicore architectures have been ruling the recent microprocessor design trend. This is due to different reasons: better performance, thread-level parallelism bounds in modern applications, ILP diminishing returns, better thermal/power scaling (many small cores dissipate less than a large and complex one), and the ease and reuse of design. This paper presents a thorough evaluation of multicore architectures. The architecture that we target is composed of a configurable number of cores, a memory hierarchy consisting of private L1, shared/private L2, and a shared bus interconnect. We consider a benchmark set composed of several parallel shared memory applications. We explore the design space related to the number of cores, L2 cache size, and processor complexity, showing the behavior of the different configurations/applications with respect to performance, energy consumption, and temperature. Design trade-offs are analyzed, stressing the interdependency of the metrics and design factors. In particular, we evaluate several chip floorplans. Their power/thermal characteristics are analyzed, showing the importance of considering thermal effects at the architectural level to achieve the best design choice. Index Terms—Chip multiprocessor, design-space exploration, thermal-aware microarchitectures, power/performance. Ç