What are the short-term benefits and potential harms of therapeutic modalities for the management of overactive bladder syndrome in women? : A review of evidence under the auspices of the European Association of Urology, Female Non-Neurogenic LUTS Guidelines Panel

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Diagnostic Tests for Female Bladder Outlet Obstruction : A Systematic Review from the European Association of Urology Non-neurogenic Female LUTS Guidelines Panel

Acknowledgements Jae Hung Jung, Murat Gul, Ege Can Serefoglu (translation of foreign language articles) and Karin Plass for administrative support.Peer reviewedPostprin

What Are the Short-term Benefits and Potential Harms of Therapeutic Modalities for the Management of Overactive Bladder Syndrome in Women?:A Review of Evidence Under the Auspices of the European Association of Urology, Female Non-neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Guidelines Panel

Context:Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is highly prevalent among women and has a negative impact on their quality of life. The current available treatments for OAB symptoms include conservative, pharmacological, or surgical modalities. Objective: To provide an updated contemporary evidence document regarding OAB treatment options and determine the short-term effectiveness, safety, and potential harms of the available treatment modalities for women with OAB syndrome. Evidence acquisition: The Medline, Embase, and Cochrane controlled trial databases and clinicaltrial.gov were searched for all relevant publications up to May 2022. The risk of bias assessment followed the recommended tool in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, and quality of evidence was assessed using the modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. A meta-analysis was performed where appropriate. Evidence synthesis: Antimuscarinics and beta-3 agonists were significantly more effective than placebo across most outcomes, with beta-3 agonists being more effective at reducing nocturia episodes and antimuscarinics causing significantly higher adverse events. Onabotulinumtoxin-A (Onabot-A) was more effective than placebo across most outcomes, but with significantly higher rates of acute urinary retention/clean intermittent self-catheterisation (six to eight times) and urinary tract infections (UTIs; two to three times). Onabot-A was also significantly better than antimuscarinics in the cure of urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) but not in the reduction of mean UUI episodes. Success rates of sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) were significantly higher than those of antimuscarinics (61% vs 42%, p = 0.02), with similar rates of adverse events. SNS and Onabot-A were not significantly different in efficacy outcomes. Satisfaction rates were higher with Onabot-A, but with a higher rate of recurrent UTIs (24% vs 10%). SNS was associated with 9% removal rate and 3% revision rate. Conclusions: Overactive bladder is a manageable condition, with first-line treatment options including antimuscarinics, beta-3 agonists, and posterior tibial nerve stimulation. Second-line options include Onabot-A bladder injections or SNS. The choice of therapies should be guided by individual patient factors. Patient summary: Overactive bladder is a manageable condition. All patients should be informed and advised on conservative treatment measures in the first instance. The first-line treatment options for its management include antimuscarinics or beta-3 agonists medication, and posterior tibial nerve stimulation procedures. The second-line options include onabotulinumtoxin-A bladder injections or sacral nerve stimulation procedure. The therapy should be chosen based on individual patient factors.</p

Diagnostic Tests for Female Bladder Outlet Obstruction: A Systematic Review from the European Association of Urology Non-neurogenic Female LUTS Guidelines Panel

Context: Female bladder outlet obstruction (fBOO) is a relatively uncommon condition compared with its male counterpart. Several criteria have been proposed to define fBOO, but the comparative diagnostic accuracy of these remains uncertain. Objective: To identify and compare different tests to diagnose fBOO through a systematic review process. Evidence acquisition: A systematic review of the literature was performed according to the Cochrane Handbook and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist. The EMBASE/MEDLINE/Cochrane databases were searched up to August 4, 2020. Studies on women ≥18 yr of age with suspected bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) involving diagnostic tests were included. Pressure-flow studies or fluoroscopy was used as the reference standard where possible. Two reviewers independently screened all articles, searched reference lists of retrieved articles, and performed data extraction. The risk of bias was assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2). Evidence synthesis: Overall, 28 nonrandomised studies involving 10 248 patients were included in the qualitative analysis. There was significant heterogeneity regarding the characteristics of women included in BOO cohorts (ie, mixed cohorts including both anatomical and functional BOO). Pressure-flow studies ± fluoroscopy was evaluated in 25 studies. Transperineal Doppler ultrasound was used to evaluate bladder neck dynamics in two studies. One study tested the efficacy of transvaginal ultrasound. The urodynamic definition of fBOO also varied amongst studies with different parameters and thresholds used, which precluded a meta-analysis. Three studies derived nomograms using the maximum flow rate (Qmax) and voiding detrusor pressure at Qmax. The sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy ranges were 54.6–92.5%, 64.6–93.9%, and 64.1–92.2%, respectively. Conclusions_ The available evidence on diagnostic tests for fBOO is limited and heterogeneous. Pressure-flow studies ± fluoroscopy remains the current standard for diagnosing fBOO

European Association of Urology Guidelines on the Management of Female Non-neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms. Part 2: Underactive Bladder, Bladder Outlet Obstruction, and Nocturia

Context: Female lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are a common presentation in urological practice. Thus far, only a limited number of female LUTS conditions have been included in the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines compendium. The new non-neurogenic female LUTS guidelines expand the remit to include these symptoms and conditions. Objective: To summarise the management of underactive bladder (UAB), bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), and nocturia in females. Evidence acquisition: The literature search was updated in September 2021 and evidence synthesis was conducted using modified GRADE approach as outlined for all EAU guidelines. A new systematic review on BOO was carried out by the panel for purposes of this guideline. Evidence synthesis: The important considerations for informing guideline recommendations are presented, along with a summary of all the guideline recommendations. Conclusions: Non-neurogenic female LUTS are an important presentation of urological dysfunction. Initial evaluation, diagnosis, and management should be carried out in a structured and logical fashion on the basis of the best available evidence. This guideline serves to present this evidence to practising urologists and other health care providers in an easily accessible and digestible format. Patient summary: This report summarises the main recommendations from the European Association of Urology guideline on symptoms and diseases of the female lower urinary tract (bladder and urethra) not associated with neurological disease. We cover recommendations related to the treatment of underactive bladder, obstruction of the bladder outlet, and nighttime urination

European Association of Urology Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Management of Female Non-neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms. Part 1: Diagnostics, Overactive Bladder, Stress Urinary Incontinence, and Mixed Urinary Incontinence

Context: Female lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are a common presentation in urological practice. Thus far, only a limited number of female LUTS conditions have been included in the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines compendium. The new non-neurogenic female LUTS guideline expands the remit to include these symptoms and conditions. Objective: To summarise the diagnostic section of the non-neurogenic female LUTS guideline and the management of female overactive bladder (OAB), stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). Evidence acquisition: New literature searches were carried out in September 2021 and evidence synthesis was conducted using the modified GRADE criteria as outlined for all EAU guidelines. A new systematic review (SR) on OAB was carried out by the panel for the purposes of this guideline. Evidence synthesis: The important considerations for informing guideline recommendations are presented, along with a summary of all the guideline recommendations. Conclusions: Non-neurogenic female LUTS are an important cause of urological dysfunction. Initial evaluation, diagnosis, and management should be carried out in a structured and logical fashion based on the best available evidence. This guideline serves to present this evidence to health care providers in an easily accessible and digestible format. Patient summary: This report summarises the main recommendations from the European Association of Urology guideline on symptoms and diseases of the female lower urinary tract (bladder and urethra) not associated with neurological disease. We cover recommendations related to diagnosis of these conditions, as well as the treatment of overactive bladder, stress urinary incontinence, and mixed urinary incontinence

European Association of Urology Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Management of Female Non-neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms. Part 1 : Diagnostics, Overactive Bladder, Stress Urinary Incontinence, and Mixed Urinary Incontinence

Funding Information: Financial disclosures: Arjun K. Nambiar certifies that all conflicts of interest, including specific financial interests and relationships and affiliations relevant to the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript (eg, employment/affiliation, grants or funding, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, royalties, or patents filed, received, or pending), are the following: Christopher K. Harding is a company consultant for Teleflex Medical; has received speaker honoraria from Astellas, Allergan, and Medtronic; has participated in clinical trials by Medtronic; has received fellowship and travel grants from Medtronic; and has received research support from the National Institute for Health Research and The Urological Foundation. Marie Carmela Lapitan has received speaker honoraria from Astellas, AstraZeneca, and GSK. Salvador Arlandis has received company speaker honoraria from Astellas Pharma S.A., Bayer Hispania S.L., and Lacer-Holliste; has received honoraria for consultation from Presurgy S.L., Boston Scientific Europe, and Coloplast Productos Medicos; has participated in clinical trials by GlaxoSmithKline, Astellas, Ipsen, and Urovant; has received travel grants from Astellas Pharma S.A., WellSpect, Lacer, and Rovi; and was a company consultant for Lacer Laboratories. Elisabetta Costantini has received research support from S&R Farmaceutici. Jan Groen has participated in clinical trials by Neuspera Medical Inc. Veronique Phé has received speaker honoraria from Medtronic and Viatris and is a company consultant for Allergan and Coloplast. Huub van der Vaart has ownership of a patent with Ligalli B.V., is a director of Berman Clinics, receives royalties from NVOG, is participating in clinical trials by UroGyn, and receives research support from ZonMw and NWO-TTW. Benoit Peyronnet is a company consultant for Boston Scientific. Lazaros Tzelves receives research support from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and the ASCAPE Project and is participating in a clinical trial by the ASCAPE Project and received. The remaining authors have nothing to disclose.Peer reviewedPostprin

Diagnostic Tests for Female Bladder Outlet Obstruction: A Systematic Review from the European Association of Urology Non-neurogenic Female LUTS Guidelines Panel

Context: Female bladder outlet obstruction (fBOO) is a relatively uncommon condition compared with its male counterpart. Several criteria have been proposed to define fBOO, but the comparative diagnostic accuracy of these remains uncertain. Objective: To identify and compare different tests to diagnose fBOO through a systematic review process. Evidence acquisition: A systematic review of the literature was performed according to the Cochrane Handbook and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist. The EMBASE/MEDLINE/Cochrane databases were searched up to August 4, 2020. Studies on women ≥18 yr of age with suspected bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) involving diagnostic tests were included. Pressure-flow studies or fluoroscopy was used as the reference standard where possible. Two reviewers independently screened all articles, searched reference lists of retrieved articles, and performed data extraction. The risk of bias was assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2). Evidence synthesis: Overall, 28 nonrandomised studies involving 10 248 patients were included in the qualitative analysis. There was significant heterogeneity regarding the characteristics of women included in BOO cohorts (ie, mixed cohorts including both anatomical and functional BOO). Pressure-flow studies ± fluoroscopy was evaluated in 25 studies. Transperineal Doppler ultrasound was used to evaluate bladder neck dynamics in two studies. One study tested the efficacy of transvaginal ultrasound. The urodynamic definition of fBOO also varied amongst studies with different parameters and thresholds used, which precluded a meta-analysis. Three studies derived nomograms using the maximum flow rate (Qmax) and voiding detrusor pressure at Qmax. The sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy ranges were 54.6–92.5%, 64.6–93.9%, and 64.1–92.2%, respectively. Conclusions: The available evidence on diagnostic tests for fBOO is limited and heterogeneous. Pressure-flow studies ± fluoroscopy remains the current standard for diagnosing fBOO. Patient summary: Evidence on tests used to diagnose female bladder outlet obstruction was reviewed. The most common test used was pressure-flow studies ± fluoroscopy, which remains the current standard for diagnosing bladder outlet obstruction in women. Take Home Message: The available evidence on diagnostic tests for female bladder outlet obstruction is limited and heterogeneous. The most common test used was video-urodynamics, which remains the current standard for diagnosing bladder outlet obstruction in women

European Association of Urology Guidelines on the Management of Female Non-neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms. Part 2 : Underactive Bladder, Bladder Outlet Obstruction, and Nocturia

Funding Information: Financial disclosures: Salvador Arlandis certifies that all conflicts of interest, including specific financial interests and relationships and affiliations relevant to the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript (eg, employment/affiliation, grants or funding, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, royalties, or patents filed, received, or pending), are the following: Salvador Arlandis has received company speaker honoraria from Astellas Pharma S.A., Bayer Hispania S.L., and Lacer-Holliste; has received honoraria for consultation from Presurgy S.L., Boston Scientific Europe, and Coloplast Productos Medicos; has participated in clinical trials by GlaxoSmithKline, Astellas, Ipsen, and Urovant; has received travel grants from Astellas Pharma S.A., WellSpect, Lacer, and Rovi; and has been a company consultant for Lacer Laboratories. Christopher K. Harding is a company consultant for Teleflex Medical; has received speaker honoraria from Astellas, Allergan, and Medtronic; has participated in clinical trials by Medtronic; has received fellowship and travel grants from Medtronic; and has received research support from the National Institute for Health Research and The Urological Foundation. Marie Carmela Lapitan has received speaker honoraria from Astellas, AstraZeneca, and GSK. Elisabetta Costantini has received research support from S&R Farmaceutici. Jan Groen has participated in clinical trials by Neuspera Medical Inc. Veronique Phé has received speaker honoraria from Medtronic and Viatris and is a company consultant for Allergan and Coloplast. Huub van der Vaart has ownership interest in a patent with Ligalli B.V.; is a director of Berman Clinics; receives royalties from NVOG; is participating in clinical trials by UroGyn; and receives research support from ZonMw and NWO-TTW. Benoit Peyronnet is a company consultant for Boston Scientific. Lazaros Tzelves receives research support from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and the ASCAPE Project and is participating in a clinical trial by the ASCAPE Project. The remaining authors have nothing to disclose.Peer reviewedPostprin