The Relation between Contraception Methods and Quality of Life

Objectives:  Assess the relationship between contraception methods and quality of life in women of reproductive age. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Gonabad, Iran. Multi-stage sampling method was used to select 18-45 year-old women with using a contraceptive methods during the last six months. Demographic and the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Quality of Life Questionnaires were used for data collection. For statistical analysis the Stata11 and SPSS16 software were used. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. After performing different statistical tests in bivariate analysis, the multi-variable linear regression was used to assess the association between method of contraception and domains of quality of life adjusting for other confounding factors Results: Women with Tubal sterilization had significant worse “physical functioning” [adjusted regression coefficient=-5.14 (95%CI:-10.2 to -0.01)] but better “general health perceptions” [adjusted regression coefficient=6.8(95%CI: 2.1 to 11.5)] than those preferring male condom (reference). Women whose husbands had vasectomy had also on average significant better score of “general health perceptions” than condom users (reference) [adjusted regression coefficient=7.1(95%CI: 0.23 to 14)]. Withdrawal showed on average higher score of “vitality” than condom users (reference) [adjusted regression coefficient=25.07(95%CI: 7.44 to 42.6)]. Conclusion: The results showed that some aspects of women's quality of life could be affected by using different contraception methods

The Relationship Between Menstrual Patterns and Menstrual Attitude Dimensions among Women of Reproductive Age: Cross-sectional survey

Objectives: Women’s attitudes towards menstruation play a critical role in shaping their bodies and psychosocial integrity. Menstruation is affected by certain bio-psychosocial factors, necessitating an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon to cope better with the consequent difficulties. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between menstrual patterns and menstrual attitude dimensions in women of reproductive-age. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted between January and December 2019 on women referred to various urban health centres of Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran. The Menstrual Attitudes Questionnaire and Verbal Multidimensional Scoring systems were used to collect the required data. The features of the menstrual cycle were also recorded. Results: A total of 164 women (response rate: 96.74%) were included in this study. Women with dysmenorrhea perceived menstruation as a more debilitating, bothersome and predictable event and they were less likely to deny any menstrual effect (P = 0.001). The results also revealed that subjective menstrual blood loss was associated with higher levels of perceiving menstruation as a natural (P = 0.008), bothersome (P = 0.026) and anticipatory event (P = 0.021) and reporting less denial of any menstrual effect (P = 0.001). Moreover, women rated menstruation as a more bothersome event with an increase in the duration of menstrual bleeding (P = 0.014). There was no significant relationship between the other features of the menstrual cycle and menstrual dimensions (P >0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that women’s attitudes towards menstruation were associated with menstrual pain, duration of the menstrual cycle and subjective volume of menstrual flow. These factors could be used to modify women’s attitudes towards the natural phenomenon of menstruation. Keywords: Attitude; Menstruation; Dysmenorrhea; Menarche; Menorrhagia

Exploring the understanding and experience of women with rheumatic diseases regarding fertility intention- a qualitative content analysis

Abstract Background Patients with rheumatic diseases (RDs) have a lower desire to have children, fewer children, and a longer interval between their pregnancies, which can be due to the patient’s personal choice, the physician’s advice, changes in sexual activity, changes in fertility, and pregnancy failure. This study aimed to explore the understanding and experience of women with RDs regarding pregnancy intention. Method In Mashhad, Northeast Iran, between December 2022 and March 2023, this qualitative inquiry was carried out. Purposive sampling was used to select thirty women with RDs. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data. Graneheim and Lundman’s conventional content analysis method was used to analyze the data. The data organization was done using MAXQDA 12 software. Credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability have been considered as elements of trustworthiness. Results The participants’ data analysis revealed the following main theme: “duality of desire and fear in childbearing”. Five main categories were identified, including “Individual health concerns following pregnancy”, “motherhood and womanhood perceptions”, “concerns about child harm”, “contradictory beliefs and attitudes of significant family members and clinicians about pregnancy”, and “lack of social support for fertility”. Conclusion In order to improve the outcomes of pregnancy for women with RDs, the medical professionals who manage them must actively and frequently inquire about their intentions to childbearing and offer them individualized guidance on how to be in the best possible health at the time of conception. Rheumatologists, gynecologists, and reproductive health specialists can better address the sexual and reproductive health needs of this population by enhancing their collaboration in the care of women with RDs

Women’s Reproductive Health and Rights Through the Lens of the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Assessing the quality of published clinical trials regarding the effect of conservative methods in women with pelvic floor disorders using CONSORT tool

Introduction: When designing an evidence-based treatment program to help patients with pelvic floor disorders through conservative methods, it is necessary to select studies that, in addition to focusing on the desired subject, also have a suitable quality. Therefore, the present study was performed with aim to assess the quality of published clinical trials regarding the effect of conservative methods in women with pelvic floor disorders using CONSORT tool. Methods: In this critical review, published RCTs which are indexed in PubMed, Scopus, Medline, Cochrane، Web of Science as well as Persian databases such as SID and Magiran from 2001 to 2021 were searched using Persian and English keywords. Out of 416 articles, 64 RCTs were assessed using CONSORT 2017 checklist. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 16) and descriptive statistical tests. Results: In the complete assessment of the articles, the mean overall score of articles quality based om CONSORT criteria was 28.85 ± 7.5 (minimum and maximum range of 12-41). Title, introduction, objectives and discussion had the highest mean score; whereas method and results section had the lowest mean score. Also, 33.9% of the articles had not point out the type of the article in the title. In the abstract section, 75% of the articles did not report the study type, 87.5% did not describe the method of randomization, and more than 73.2% did not report blinding. Conclusion: The appraised articles in the present study had a moderate quality. Improving the quality of clinical trials, especially in the method section, is essential for more use at the bedside and providing better care. Getting help from experts in the statistics and methodology as well as using standard tools for critical appraisal, the quality of articles could be improved

The Impact of an Educational Program on Knowledge and Attitude of Female Sex Workers in Preventing High Risk Sexual Behaviours

Background & aim:  The most important risk factor for one’s sexual health is high-risk sexual behavior. Implementation of educational programs has been considered as one of the most crucial interventions in the prevention and treatment of these behaviors. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of an educational program on the knowledge and attitude of female sex workers toward preventing high-risk sexual behaviors. Methods:This pretest-posttest, one-group study was conducted on 40 female sex workers, imprisoned in Mashhad Vakil Abad prison in 2013. Data were collected using a questionnaire including demographic characteristics, as well as knowledge- and attitude-related data. An educational program was designed after the pretest and conducted in four 70-minute sessions. Immediately and four weeks after the educational program, post-test was performed. Data were analyzed by Friedman and Wilcoxon tests, using SPSS version 16. Results: A positive significant increase was found in the mean scores of knowledge and attitude of female sex workers immediately and four weeks after the program (

Domestic Violence against Infertile Women : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Domestic violence (DV) against infertile women is an important health concern, which affect their well-being. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the prevalence of DV against infertile women. The study was done based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) on international electronic databases. Inclusion criteria were cross-sectional studies published in English and Persian journals, which investigated the prevalence of DV against infertile women up to May 2020. Out of 634 studies, 26 cross-sectional studies were systematically reviewed, from which 16 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Violence varied widely in infertile women, from 14.987 to 88.918%. The results of meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of violence was equal to 47.163% (95% CI 34.660 to 59.850%). Psychological and emotional violence was the most common types of violence. Considering high rate of DV, policymakers are recommended to address the problem by providing supportive cares including educational and counseling services. Keywords: Women's Infertility, Violence, Domestic Violence, Intimate Partner Violenc

Efficient administration of a combination of nifedipine and sildenafil citrate versus only nifedipine on clinical outcomes in women with threatened preterm labor: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Preterm labor (PTL) is a common and serious pregnancy disorder that can cause long-term neurological issues in the infant. There are conflicting studies concerning whether sildenafil citrate (SC) reduces preterm labor complications. Therefore, the meta-analysis aimed to examine the clinical outcomes in women with threatened PTL who received nifedipine plus SC therapy versus only nifedipine. Methods For the original articles, six databases were searched using relevant keywords without restriction on time or language until January 13, 2024. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB) and the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Nonrandomized Studies (RoBANS) were both used to assess the risk of bias in randomized and non-randomized studies, and GRADE determined the quality of our evidence. Meta-analysis of all data was carried out using Review Manager (RevMan) version 5.1. Results Seven studies with mixed quality were included in the meta-analysis. The study found that combining nifedipine and SC resulted in more prolongation of pregnancy (MD = 6.99, 95% CI: 5.32, 8.65, p < 0.00001), a lower rate of delivery in the 1st to 3rd days after hospitalization (RR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.76, p < 0.00001), a higher birth weight (252.48 g vs. nifedipine alone, p = 0.02), and the risk ratio of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) was significantly lower (RR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.76, p < 0.00001) compared to nifidepine alone. The evidence was high for prolongation of pregnancy, delivery rate 24–72 h after admission, and NICU admission, but low for newborn birth weight. Conclusions Given the effectiveness of SC plus nifedipine in increased prolongation of pregnancy and birth weight, lower delivery in the 1st to 3rd days after hospitalization, and NICU admission, Gynecologists and obstetricians are suggested to consider this strategy for PTL management, although additional article rigor is required to improve the quality of the evidence

The relation between contraception methods and quality of life, Gonabad-Iran

Objectives: To assess the relationship between contraception methods and quality of life in women of reproductive age. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Gonabad, Iran. Multi-stage sampling method was used to select 18-45 year-old women using a contraceptive method during the last six months. Demographic and the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Quality of Life Questionnaires were used for data collection. For statistical analysis the Stata 11 and SPSS 16 software were used. The level of significance was set at P &lt; 0.05. After performing different statistical tests in bivariate analysis, the multi-variable linear regression was used to assess the association between method of contraception and domains of quality of life adjusting for other confounding factors Results: Women with tubal sterilisation had significant worse “physical functioning” [adjusted regression coefficient = -5.14 (95%CI: -10.2 to -0.01)] but better “general health perceptions” [adjusted regression coefficient = 6.8 (95%CI: 2.1 to 11.5)] than those preferring male condom (reference group). Women whose husbands had vasectomy had also on average significant better score of “general health perceptions” than condom users (reference group) [adjusted regression coefficient = 7.1 (95%CI: 0.23 to 14)]. Withdrawal showed on average higher score of “vitality” than condom users (reference group) [adjusted regression coefficient = 25.07 (95%CI: 7.44 to 42.6)]. Conclusions: The results showed that some aspects of women's quality of life could be affected by using different contraception methods.</p

The relation between contraception methods and quality of life, Gonabad-Iran

Objectives: To assess the relationship between contraception methods and quality of life in women of reproductive age. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Gonabad, Iran. Multi-stage sampling method was used to select 18-45 year-old women using a contraceptive method during the last six months. Demographic and the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Quality of Life Questionnaires were used for data collection. For statistical analysis the Stata 11 and SPSS 16 software were used. The level of significance was set at P &lt; 0.05. After performing different statistical tests in bivariate analysis, the multi-variable linear regression was used to assess the association between method of contraception and domains of quality of life adjusting for other confounding factors Results: Women with tubal sterilisation had significant worse “physical functioning” [adjusted regression coefficient = -5.14 (95%CI: -10.2 to -0.01)] but better “general health perceptions” [adjusted regression coefficient = 6.8 (95%CI: 2.1 to 11.5)] than those preferring male condom (reference group). Women whose husbands had vasectomy had also on average significant better score of “general health perceptions” than condom users (reference group) [adjusted regression coefficient = 7.1 (95%CI: 0.23 to 14)]. Withdrawal showed on average higher score of “vitality” than condom users (reference group) [adjusted regression coefficient = 25.07 (95%CI: 7.44 to 42.6)]. Conclusions: The results showed that some aspects of women's quality of life could be affected by using different contraception methods.</p