The effects of 8-weeks concurrent training on necdin levels and insulin resistance index in obese middle-aged men.

Abstract Background: Obesity per se is a major global health problem leading to an increase in morbidity and premature mortality however increasing physical activity often results in a marked weight loss. Necdin has been shown to be an important negative regulator of adipogenesis of the white adipose tissue. We hypothesized that exercise training would impact necdin synthesis inhibiting adipocity and ultimately reducing obesity. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the effects of 8-weeks concurrent training on plasma necdin levels in obese middle-aged men. Methods: Twenty three sedentary obese middle-aged men were randomly assigned to concurrent training group (CTG: n=12) or control group (CG: n=11). The subjects in concurrent training group performed endurance and resistance training on the same days, 3 days a week, 55-65 (mean: 60) min gradually was spent over 8 weeks Results: At the end of the study, there were significant decreases in total body weight (up to 3.5 kg), body mass index (BMI; 1.2 kg/m2), waist hip ratio (WHR; 0.02 unit) and the fasting plasma insulin levels (up to 58%) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; P<0.05) in CTG group compared with the CG group. However, there were no significant differences in the fasting plasma levels of glucose or necdin between the two groups at the end of the study. Conclusion: Concurrent training is a viable tool in reducing body weight. There seems to be no association between 8-weeks concurrent training-induced weight loss and the total plasma necdin levels in obese middle-aged men

Effectiveness of an operating room master of science program based on Kirkpatrick’s model

Background: Evaluation is one of the most critical issues in the training process. Kirkpatrick’s model is one method in educational evaluation that can accurately evaluate programs. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an operating room master of scienc (MS) program om based on Kirkpatrick’s model. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling with 46 students and graduates from the operating room MS degree at the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2020-2021. A valid and reliable questionnaire with 47 items in three levels of reaction, learning, and performance was used to evaluate the opinions of graduates and students. The survey was sent to their email addresses and returned to the researcher after completion. Results: Kirkpatrick’s evaluation model showed that the overall evaluation of the operating room program was 70.97±9.32, which can be considered a moderate level. Students’ satisfaction with the program was moderate (68.00±14.97); their learning (84.54±15.69) and performance (84.30±9.28) were evaluated to be at a reasonable level. Conclusion: Considering the average effectiveness of the whole program, it is suggested that the educational managers of the operating room department plan and attempt to increase their indicators by considering the weaknesses and strengths of the program

The effect on group reflection on nursing students' spiritual well-being and attitude toward spiritual care: A randomized controlled trial

AbstractObjective. To investigate how group reflection about spiritual care affects nursing students' spiritual well-being and attitude toward spirituality and spiritual care.Methods. This was a randomized controlled trial conducted on 63 second-year nursing students who were studying at Nursing and Midwifery Colleges in Shiraz and Jahrom, both located in south of Iran. The students were randomly divided into an intervention (n=30) and a control (n=33) group. The study data were collected using the Spiritual Well-Being Scale and Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale before and after the intervention. The intervention consisted in four sessions of group reflection based on the scenarios related to spiritual care. The control group was given a related lecture in one session. Results. A significant difference was found between the two groups' means in spiritual well-being scores after the intervention compared to before that. Likewise, a significant difference was observed in the intervention group students' total scores of attitude before and after the intervention.Conclusion. Group reflection improved the nursing students' spiritual well-being and their attitude toward spirituality and spiritual care compared with control group. Descriptors: students, nursing; spirituality; attitude; control groups; nursingObjetivo. Investigar como a reflexão grupal sobre o cuidado espiritual afeta o bemestar espiritual e a atitude dos estudantes de enfermagem para a espiritualidade e o cuidado espiritual. Métodos. Este foi um ensaio controlado aleatório realizado em 63 estudantes de segundo ano de duas escolas de enfermagem e de parteiras no Irã. Os estudantes se dividiram aleatoriamente nos grupos de intervenção (n=30) e de controle (n=33). Os dados do estudo se recopilaram utilizando a Escala de Bemestar Espiritual e a Escala de Qualificação de Espiritualidade e Cuidado Espiritual antes e depois da intervenção. A intervenção consistiu em quatro sessões de reflexão grupal baseadas em cenários relacionados com o cuidado espiritual. O grupo de controle recebeu somente uma conferência relacionada com o assunto. Resultados. Se encontrou uma diferença significativa entre as médias dos dois grupos em quanto às pontuações de bem-estar espiritual depois da intervenção em comparação com a da pré-intervenção. Assim mesmo, se observou uma diferença significativa nas pontuações totais de atitude dos estudantes do grupo de intervenção antes e depois da intervenção. Conclusão. A reflexão grupal melhorou o bem-estar espiritual dos estudantes de enfermagem e sua atitude à espiritualidade e o cuidado espiritual em comparação com o grupo de controle.Objetivo. Investigar cómo la reflexión grupal sobre el cuidado espiritual afecta el bienestar espiritual y la actitud de los estudiantes de enfermería hacia la espiritualidad y el cuidado espiritual. Métodos. Este fue un ensayo controlado aleatorio realizado en 63 estudiantes de segundo año de dos escuelas de enfermería y partería en Irán. Los estudiantes se dividieron aleatoriamente en los grupos de intervención (n=30) y de control (n=33). Los datos del estudio se recopilaron utilizando la Escala de Bienestar Espiritual y la Escala de Calificación de Espiritualidad y Cuidado Espiritual antes y después de la intervención. La intervención consistió en cuatro sesiones de reflexión grupal basadas en escenarios relacionados con el cuidado espiritual. El grupo de control recibió solamente una conferencia relacionada con el tema. Resultados. Se encontró una diferencia significativa entre las medias de los dos grupos en cuanto a las puntuaciones de bienestar espiritual después de la intervención en comparación con la de la preintervención. Asimismo, se observó una diferencia significativa en las puntuaciones totales de actitud de los estudiantes del grupo de intervención antes y después de la intervención. Conclusión. La reflexión grupal mejoró el bienestar espiritual de los estudiantes de enfermería y su actitud hacia la espiritualidad y el cuidado espiritual en comparación con el grupo de control