A Study On Mechanical And Electrical Properties Of Hybridized Graphene-Carbon Nanotube Filled Conductive Ink

Many researchers are now competing to fabricate an electronic device to meet the technological demand by using new conductive materials. There are several varieties of conductive inks on the market and it is crucial to choose the right ink fitting in the electronic applications. Conductive ink is a special type of ink that allows an electric current to flow through the ink. The conductive ink-filled epoxy is also known as conductive composites because the ink itself is based on more two ingredients such as filler, binder, and hardener. As interconnect material, the conductive inks should feature good electrical, mechanical and thermal properties. Nonetheless, to-date, there are some issues with current conductive ink that available in the market namely printing quality, high electrical resistivity as well as inferior mechanical strength. Therefore, this study aims to produce highly functional conductive ink using two types of carbon-based conductive fillers with epoxy as a binder. More specifically, graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) were used to produce the hybrid conductive ink. As a baseline, both fillers, GNP and MWCNT with epoxy were formulated separately using a minimum percentage at the beginning and the amount of filler was increased based on the conductivity level required. The percentage of filler for GNP was varied from 10-35 wt.% while for MWCNT for by 3- 8 wt.%. It is very important to make sure the materials are in contact with each other and therefore the movement of an electron will become easier. Following this, the hybridization of these two materials was made to produce conductive ink with enhanced functionality. The fabrication of the ink was carried out by using a direct mixing method starting from the formulation of the ink, mixing process, printing process and curing process to produce highly conductive hybridized ink. This research also studies the effect of the temperature on electrical, mechanical properties and surface roughness of the hybrid conductive ink using a varying amount of filler for both GNP and MWCNT inks. The electrical properties and the mechanical properties were assessed using a Four-point probe by following the ASTM F390 and a Dynamic Ultra Microhardness using ASTM E2546-15 as a guideline. The experimental results demonstrate an improvement in electrical conductivity. GNP showed higher resistivity around 38 kohm/sq whereas MWCNT showed much lower resistivity around 3.3 kohm/sq. When the hybridization occurs, the result obtained somewhat lower than MWCNT about 2.9 kohm/sq possibly due to the synergistic effect between the GNP and MWCNT, with better distribution and tunneling of electrons between both carbon-based conductive fillers. For mechanical properties, the hardness of hybrid ink is lower hence high in elastic modulus compared to GNP and MWCNT due to local stress concentration in the matrix. Furthermore, the surface roughness of hybrid resulted a smooth surface with the value of 0.833 µm compared to individual fillers. Smooth surface allow continuous conductive line formation without shorting risk

Characterisation Of Mechanical-Electrical Properties Of Graphene Nanoplatelets Filled Epoxy As Conductive Ink

With the accelerating pace of development in printed electronics, the fabrication and application of conductive ink have been brought into sharp focus in recent years. The discovery of graphene also unfolded a vigorous campaign on its application. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of graphene ink when the heat was applied to obtain the optimised formula and prepare graphene conductive ink with good conductivity. In this paper, graphene conductive ink was prepared using a simple method involving mixing, printing, and curing processes to produce conductive ink according to the formulation. Different compositions of a mixture that contained filler, binder, and hardener were put inside a vacuum to remove bubbles and the ink was cured at 150°C for 30 minutes. This research also studied the effect of the temperature on electrical and mechanical properties, and surface roughness of the hybrid conductive ink using a varying amount of filler for graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) inks. The electrical and mechanical properties were assessed using a four-point probe complying with the ASTMF390 and a Dynamic Ultra Microhardness complying with the ASTM E2546-15. The experimental results demonstrated an improvement in electrical conductivity. GNP showed resistivity around 0.0456 Mohm/sq. The correlation between the material hardness with different percentages of filler loading for GNP ink with and without thermal effect conditions was presented. Both of the two GNP ink conditions exhibited similar graph trends, where the hardness was found to increase as the filler loading in the ink was increased

Nanoindentation Of Graphene Reinforced Epoxy Resin As A Conductive Ink For Microelectronic Packaging Application

Conductive ink is a special type of ink which allows current to flow through the ink. There are several varieties of conductive inks in the market and it is crucial to choose a suitable ink for the electronic applications. Graphene material is chosen to replace the current ink due to its promising properties that have been explored by many researchers. This paper aims to investigate the effect of temperature and percentage of graphene ink on hardness and Young's modulus of printed graphene ink samples. Samples were fabricated using a simple method involving formulating, mixing, printing and curing processes and the ink was printed on the glass slide substrate. The samples were cured at 160°C and 180°C for one hour. The mechanical properties of printed graphene ink sample were evaluated using Dynamic Ultra Micro Hardness (DUMH). All the measurements were done with the same force of indentation to avoid the possibility of perforation of printed graphene ink. The results show that higher curing temperature and percentage of filler loading give bigger Young’s modulus and hardness of the printed graphene ink sample

Investigation On Elasticity Rate Of Silver Nano-Particles-Filled Epoxy Conductive Ink

This paper investigates the elasticity rate of silver nanoparticles-filled conductive ink with nano indentation tester.The nano indentation tester is used to measure the hardness value of the silver nanoparticle-filled epoxy conductive ink.Based on the results,silver nanoparticles with 90 %wt have the highest Young’s modulus as compare to the others.Thus,this nanoparticles have higher opportunity to retain its original shape.In addition, silver nanoparticles with 90 %wt also have the highest hardness,which is 3.07 Hv