Anthropogenically Induced Processes in the Land Waters of the Arctic Regions

The characteristics of the development of anthropogenically induced processes in the land waters of the Arctic basin, such as eutrophication, acidification and toxic pollution in a changing climate, are characterized. The main changes in ecosystems and periods of occurrence of the most dangerous situations are shown. The criteria for diagnosing adverse processes and the need to tighten water quality standards for the waters of the Arctic regions are substantiated.</jats:p

High-temperature configurations of dimers in Si (001) surface layers

Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation of Si (001) surface layers was performed. In the modified algorithm of MD the potential is corrected on each step of calculation. The corrections account the re-hybridization of chemical bonds in relaxation processes. It was found that the high-temperature relaxation of Si surface layers leads to formation of Quasi-Disordered Phase (QDP). QDP is spread from the first layer up to the forth-fifth layer. In all these layers dimers are formed. Their characteristics (length distribution and space orientation) change from layer to layer. They differ significantly from dimers formed at lower temperatures